WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

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On <00:00:00.179><c>October </c><00:00:00.258><c>11, </c><00:00:00.337><c>a </c><00:00:00.416><c>member </c><00:00:00.495><c>of </c><00:00:00.574><c>the</c>

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On October 11, a member of the
 

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On October 11, a member of the
European

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European
 

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European
Parliament

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Parliament
 

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Parliament
posted <00:00:02.460><c>a </c><00:00:02.653><c>graph </c><00:00:02.846><c>on </c><00:00:03.039><c>Twitter</c>

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posted a graph on Twitter
 

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showing <00:00:04.554><c>that</c>

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showing that
 

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online <00:00:05.603><c>activity </c><00:00:05.791><c>around </c><00:00:05.979><c>the</c>

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online activity around the
 

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online activity around the
German

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German
Alternative <00:00:08.176><c>for</c>

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Alternative for
 

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Alternative for
Germany <00:00:08.740><c>(AfD) </c><00:00:09.096><c>party</c>

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Germany (AfD) party
 

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Germany (AfD) party
plummeted <00:00:09.780><c>immediately</c>

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plummeted immediately
 

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plummeted immediately
after

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after
 

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after
Ukrainian <00:00:11.561><c>drones</c>

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Ukrainian drones
 

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Ukrainian drones
hit <00:00:12.422><c>Russian</c>

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hit Russian
 

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hit Russian
data <00:00:14.115><c>centers.</c>

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data centers.
 

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data centers.
It <00:00:15.220><c>was </c><00:00:15.368><c>viewed</c>

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It was viewed
 

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It was viewed
over <00:00:16.341><c>4 </c><00:00:16.555><c>million</c>

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over 4 million
 

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over 4 million
times <00:00:17.480><c>and </c><00:00:17.843><c>looked</c>

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times and looked
 

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times and looked
very <00:00:18.948><c>convincing, </c><00:00:19.492><c>not</c>

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very convincing, not
 

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very convincing, not
least <00:00:20.268><c>because </c><00:00:20.878><c>it</c>

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least because it
 

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least because it
contained <00:00:21.297><c>data </c><00:00:21.649><c>for </c><00:00:22.001><c>3</c>

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contained data for 3
 

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contained data for 3
days <00:00:22.658><c>ahead.  </c><00:00:23.249><c>To </c><00:00:23.840><c>be</c>

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days ahead.  To be
 

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days ahead.  To be
fair, <00:00:24.738><c>it's </c><00:00:25.212><c>worth</c>

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fair, it's worth
 

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fair, it's worth
noting <00:00:25.843><c>that </c><00:00:26.115><c>the </c><00:00:26.387><c>author</c>

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noting that the author
 

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noting that the author
added <00:00:27.008><c>the </c><00:00:27.269><c>words </c><00:00:27.530><c>"if</c>

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added the words "if
 

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added the words "if
confirmed," <00:00:28.806><c>which</c>

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confirmed," which
 

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confirmed," which
is <00:00:29.143><c>always </c><00:00:29.317><c>a </c><00:00:29.491><c>wise</c>

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is always a wise
 

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is always a wise
precaution <00:00:30.897><c>when</c>

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precaution when
 

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precaution when
sharing <00:00:31.697><c>a </c><00:00:32.203><c>schedule</c>

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sharing a schedule
 

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sharing a schedule
that <00:00:32.579><c>knows </c><00:00:32.889><c>what</c>

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that knows what
 

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that knows what
will <00:00:33.363><c>happen </c><00:00:33.673><c>next</c>

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will happen next
 

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will happen next
Wednesday.  <00:00:34.856><c>As </c><00:00:35.417><c>someone </c><00:00:35.978><c>who</c>

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Wednesday.  As someone who
 

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Wednesday.  As someone who
spends <00:00:36.471><c>a </c><00:00:36.726><c>lot </c><00:00:36.981><c>of </c><00:00:37.236><c>time</c>

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spends a lot of time
 

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spends a lot of time
studying

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studying
 

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studying
financial <00:00:39.548><c>charts,</c>

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financial charts,
 

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financial charts,
I <00:00:39.899><c>can </c><00:00:40.182><c>say </c><00:00:40.465><c>that</c>

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I can say that
 

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I can say that
reliable <00:00:41.350><c>historical</c>

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reliable historical
 

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reliable historical
data <00:00:42.222><c>can </c><00:00:42.448><c>sometimes </c><00:00:42.674><c>be</c>

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data can sometimes be
 

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data can sometimes be
hard <00:00:43.341><c>to </c><00:00:43.632><c>find.  </c><00:00:43.923><c>And </c><00:00:44.214><c>the </c><00:00:44.505><c>data</c>

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hard to find.  And the data
 

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hard to find.  And the data
for <00:00:45.342><c>next </c><00:00:45.887><c>Wednesday</c>

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for next Wednesday
is <00:00:46.175><c>a </c><00:00:46.367><c>real</c>

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is a real
 

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is a real
challenge.  <00:00:48.385><c>A</c>

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challenge.  A
 

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challenge.  A
Bloomberg <00:00:49.293><c>terminal </c><00:00:49.575><c>costs </c><00:00:49.857><c>about</c>

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Bloomberg terminal costs about
 

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Bloomberg terminal costs about
$30,000 <00:00:50.839><c>a </c><00:00:51.268><c>year, </c><00:00:51.697><c>and</c>

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$30,000 a year, and
 

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$30,000 a year, and
even <00:00:52.380><c>that </c><00:00:52.951><c>won't</c>

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even that won't
 

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even that won't
show.  <00:00:53.803><c>This </c><00:00:54.471><c>graph</c>

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show.  This graph
 

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show.  This graph
was <00:00:55.034><c>able </c><00:00:55.153><c>to </c><00:00:55.272><c>do </c><00:00:55.391><c>this</c>

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was able to do this
 

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was able to do this
for <00:00:56.484><c>free.  </c><00:00:57.066><c>It </c><00:00:57.648><c>was</c>

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for free.  It was
 

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for free.  It was
published <00:00:58.949><c>on</c>

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published on
 

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published on
Sunday, <00:00:59.281><c>and </c><00:00:59.498><c>the </c><00:00:59.715><c>decline</c>

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Sunday, and the decline
 

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Sunday, and the decline
continued <00:01:00.762><c>until </c><00:01:01.234><c>Wednesday, </c><00:01:01.706><c>the</c>

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continued until Wednesday, the
 

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continued until Wednesday, the
14th.  <00:01:05.880><c>When</c>

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14th.  When
 

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14th.  When
fact-checkers at

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fact-checkers at
 

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fact-checkers at
German <00:01:07.516><c>broadcaster </c><00:01:08.130><c>DW</c>

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German broadcaster DW
 

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German broadcaster DW
took <00:01:08.630><c>a </c><00:01:09.028><c>closer </c><00:01:09.426><c>look,</c>

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took a closer look,
 

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took a closer look,
they <00:01:09.835><c>discovered </c><00:01:10.176><c>that </c><00:01:10.517><c>the</c>

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they discovered that the
 

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they discovered that the
graph <00:01:10.857><c>did </c><00:01:11.027><c>not </c><00:01:11.197><c>indicate </c><00:01:11.367><c>the</c>

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graph did not indicate the
 

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graph did not indicate the
data <00:01:12.187><c>source, </c><00:01:12.493><c>the </c><00:01:12.799><c>online</c>

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data source, the online
platform, <00:01:13.739><c>or </c><00:01:14.267><c>what</c>

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platform, or what
 

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platform, or what
exactly <00:01:14.813><c>was </c><00:01:15.188><c>being </c><00:01:15.563><c>measured.</c>

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exactly was being measured.
 

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Its <00:01:18.572><c>name </c><00:01:18.923><c>was </c><00:01:19.274><c>"</c>

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Its name was "
daily <00:01:19.894><c>activity</c>

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daily activity
 

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daily activity
for <00:01:21.039><c>3 </c><00:01:21.421><c>months".</c>

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for 3 months".
 

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for 3 months".
Activity <00:01:22.579><c>of </c><00:01:23.169><c>what?</c>

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Activity of what?
 

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Activity of what?
This <00:01:23.801><c>was </c><00:01:24.187><c>not </c><00:01:24.573><c>mentioned.</c>

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This was not mentioned.
 

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This was not mentioned.
In <00:01:25.443><c>fact, </c><00:01:25.729><c>the </c><00:01:26.015><c>graphic</c>

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In fact, the graphic
 

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In fact, the graphic
didn't <00:01:26.976><c>even</c>

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didn't even
 

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didn't even
mention <00:01:27.560><c>the </c><00:01:27.972><c>AfD </c><00:01:28.384><c>party</c>

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mention the AfD party
.  <00:01:29.210><c>The </c><00:01:29.933><c>scaling </c><00:01:30.656><c>on</c>

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.  The scaling on
 

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.  The scaling on
both <00:01:31.107><c>axes </c><00:01:31.397><c>was</c>

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both axes was
 

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both axes was
incorrect.  <00:01:32.846><c>On </c><00:01:34.006><c>the</c>

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incorrect.  On the
 

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incorrect.  On the
vertical <00:01:35.150><c>axis,</c>

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vertical axis,
 

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vertical axis,
the <00:01:35.661><c>gap </c><00:01:35.905><c>between </c><00:01:36.149><c>2500 </c><00:01:36.393><c>and </c><00:01:36.637><c>3000</c>

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the gap between 2500 and 3000
 

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the gap between 2500 and 3000
was <00:01:37.197><c>shorter </c><00:01:37.565><c>than </c><00:01:37.933><c>all</c>

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was shorter than all
 

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was shorter than all
other <00:01:39.156><c>500-</c>

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other 500-
 

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other 500-
unit <00:01:39.642><c>steps, </c><00:01:39.976><c>which </c><00:01:40.310><c>is </c><00:01:40.644><c>one</c>

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unit steps, which is one
 

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unit steps, which is one
way <00:01:41.050><c>to </c><00:01:41.266><c>make </c><00:01:41.482><c>the</c>

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way to make the
 

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way to make the
drop <00:01:42.627><c>visually</c>

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drop visually
 

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drop visually
steeper.

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steeper.
 

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German <00:01:48.220><c>magazine </c><00:01:48.852><c>Capital</c>

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German magazine Capital
 

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German magazine Capital
traced <00:01:49.485><c>the </c><00:01:49.801><c>graph </c><00:01:50.117><c>to </c><00:01:50.433><c>a</c>

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traced the graph to a
 

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traced the graph to a
Threads <00:01:51.699><c>account</c>

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Threads account
 

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Threads account
belonging <00:01:52.292><c>to </c><00:01:52.529><c>a </c><00:01:52.766><c>24-year-old</c>

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belonging to a 24-year-old
 

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belonging to a 24-year-old
flight <00:01:53.622><c>attendant, </c><00:01:53.964><c>and </c><00:01:54.306><c>DW</c>

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flight attendant, and DW
 

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flight attendant, and DW
concluded <00:01:55.276><c>that </c><00:01:55.730><c>while</c>

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concluded that while
 

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concluded that while
AI <00:01:56.269><c>involvement </c><00:01:56.451><c>has </c><00:01:56.633><c>not </c><00:01:56.815><c>been </c><00:01:56.997><c>proven</c>

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AI involvement has not been proven
, <00:01:57.787><c>it </c><00:01:57.945><c>cannot </c><00:01:58.103><c>be</c>

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, it cannot be
 

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, it cannot be
ruled <00:01:59.821><c>out.  </c><00:02:01.104><c>But </c><00:02:02.387><c>still</c>

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ruled out.  But still
 

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ruled out.  But still
, <00:02:03.143><c>if</c>

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, if
 

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, if
confirmed, <00:02:03.692><c>it </c><00:02:04.069><c>was </c><00:02:04.446><c>a</c>

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confirmed, it was a
 

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confirmed, it was a
devastating <00:02:04.986><c>blow </c><00:02:05.283><c>to </c><00:02:05.580><c>the</c>

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devastating blow to the
 

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devastating blow to the
bots.  <00:02:06.422><c>You </c><00:02:07.090><c>can</c>

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bots.  You can
 

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bots.  You can
understand <00:02:07.943><c>why </c><00:02:08.428><c>people</c>

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understand why people
 

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understand why people
wanted <00:02:09.099><c>to </c><00:02:09.467><c>believe </c><00:02:09.835><c>this.</c>

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wanted to believe this.
 

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wanted to believe this.
That <00:02:10.679><c>same </c><00:02:11.022><c>weekend, </c><00:02:11.365><c>the</c>

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That same weekend, the
 

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That same weekend, the
British <00:02:12.795><c>Prime</c>

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British Prime
Minister <00:02:13.294><c>said </c><00:02:13.759><c>in</c>

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Minister said in
 

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Minister said in
an <00:02:14.102><c>interview </c><00:02:14.345><c>that </c><00:02:14.588><c>Russia</c>

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an interview that Russia
 

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an interview that Russia
interfered <00:02:15.305><c>in </c><00:02:15.654><c>the</c>

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interfered in the
 

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interfered in the
Brexit <00:02:16.950><c>referendum.</c>

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Brexit referendum.
 

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Brexit referendum.
With <00:02:18.028><c>the</c>

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With the
 

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With the
US <00:02:18.934><c>midterm </c><00:02:19.225><c>elections</c>

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US midterm elections
 

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US midterm elections
just

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just
 

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just
weeks <00:02:20.639><c>away, </c><00:02:20.857><c>the </c><00:02:21.075><c>idea </c><00:02:21.293><c>that</c>

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weeks away, the idea that
 

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weeks away, the idea that
a <00:02:22.168><c>few</c>

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a few
 

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a few
well-aimed <00:02:23.073><c>drones</c>

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well-aimed drones
 

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well-aimed drones
could <00:02:23.703><c>shut </c><00:02:23.913><c>down</c>

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could shut down
 

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could shut down
foreign <00:02:25.013><c>propaganda</c>

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foreign propaganda
 

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foreign propaganda
and <00:02:25.984><c>make </c><00:02:26.275><c>social</c>

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and make social
 

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and make social
media

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media
 

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media
enjoyable <00:02:27.977><c>again </c><00:02:28.289><c>was </c><00:02:28.601><c>hard</c>

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enjoyable again was hard
 

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enjoyable again was hard
to <00:02:29.726><c>resist.  </c><00:02:30.493><c>This</c>

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to resist.  This
 

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to resist.  This
was <00:02:30.863><c>certainly </c><00:02:31.166><c>a </c><00:02:31.469><c>more</c>

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was certainly a more
 

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was certainly a more
robust <00:02:32.310><c>approach </c><00:02:32.781><c>to</c>

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robust approach to
 

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robust approach to
content <00:02:34.128><c>moderation</c>

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content moderation
 

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content moderation
than <00:02:34.869><c>anything</c>

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than anything
 

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than anything


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tech

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tech
 

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tech
companies <00:02:37.294><c>had </c><00:02:37.801><c>offered </c><00:02:38.308><c>so </c><00:02:38.815><c>far.  </c><00:02:39.322><c>So</c>

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companies had offered so far.  So
 

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companies had offered so far.  So
today <00:02:40.097><c>we'll</c>

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today we'll
 

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today we'll
take <00:02:40.435><c>a </c><00:02:40.612><c>look </c><00:02:40.789><c>at </c><00:02:40.966><c>where</c>

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take a look at where
 

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take a look at where
those <00:02:41.625><c>drones </c><00:02:41.991><c>actually </c><00:02:42.357><c>hit</c>

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those drones actually hit
 

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those drones actually hit
, <00:02:42.745><c>why </c><00:02:42.971><c>the </c><00:02:43.197><c>bots</c>

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, why the bots
 

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, why the bots
didn't <00:02:43.972><c>seem </c><00:02:44.456><c>to</c>

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didn't seem to
 

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didn't seem to
notice, <00:02:44.957><c>and </c><00:02:45.296><c>the</c>

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notice, and the
 

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notice, and the
everyday <00:02:45.942><c>business </c><00:02:46.426><c>of</c>

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everyday business of
 

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everyday business of
fanning <00:02:47.024><c>online </c><00:02:47.460><c>anger</c>

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fanning online anger
.  <00:02:49.117><c>So, </c><00:02:50.386><c>what</c>

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.  So, what
 

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.  So, what
really <00:02:51.741><c>happened?  </c><00:02:52.905><c>Well</c>

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really happened?  Well
, <00:02:53.098><c>over</c>

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, over
 

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, over
the <00:02:54.047><c>past </c><00:02:54.449><c>month,</c>

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the past month,
 

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the past month,
Russia <00:02:54.955><c>has </c><00:02:55.043><c>been </c><00:02:55.131><c>carrying </c><00:02:55.219><c>out</c>

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Russia has been carrying out
 

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Russia has been carrying out
attacks <00:02:56.412><c>on</c>

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attacks on
 

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attacks on
data <00:02:57.312><c>centers </c><00:02:57.730><c>in</c>

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data centers in
 

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data centers in
Ukraine, <00:02:58.052><c>which </c><00:02:58.277><c>the </c><00:02:58.502><c>Russian</c>

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Ukraine, which the Russian
 

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Ukraine, which the Russian
Defense <00:02:59.919><c>Ministry</c>

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Defense Ministry
 

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Defense Ministry
called <00:03:00.835><c>a </c><00:03:01.269><c>“</c>

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called a “
digital <00:03:01.709><c>detox” </c><00:03:02.084><c>on </c><00:03:02.459><c>Telegram.</c>

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digital detox” on Telegram.
 

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digital detox” on Telegram.
Ukraine <00:03:03.890><c>responded </c><00:03:04.442><c>by</c>

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Ukraine responded by
 

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Ukraine responded by
directing

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directing
 

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directing
drones <00:03:05.694><c>at </c><00:03:06.107><c>three </c><00:03:06.520><c>of</c>

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drones at three of
 

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drones at three of
six <00:03:06.989><c>large</c>

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six large
 

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data <00:03:08.753><c>centers </c><00:03:09.009><c>operated </c><00:03:09.265><c>by</c>

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data centers operated by
 

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data centers operated by
Yandex—a <00:03:10.540><c>company</c>

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Yandex—a company
 

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Yandex—a company
commonly <00:03:11.016><c>referred </c><00:03:11.257><c>to </c><00:03:11.498><c>as </c><00:03:11.739><c>the </c><00:03:11.980><c>“</c>

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commonly referred to as the “
Russian <00:03:12.567><c>Google” </c><00:03:13.086><c>but</c>

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Russian Google” but
 

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Russian Google” but
which <00:03:13.522><c>also </c><00:03:13.723><c>operates </c><00:03:13.924><c>the</c>

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which also operates the
 

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which also operates the
country’s <00:03:15.096><c>largest</c>

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country’s largest
 

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country’s largest
taxi <00:03:16.436><c>service,</c>

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taxi service,
 

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taxi service,
food <00:03:17.341><c>delivery,</c>

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food delivery,
 

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food delivery,
payments <00:03:18.044><c>business,</c>

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payments business,
 

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payments business,
and <00:03:19.066><c>its </c><00:03:19.518><c>own</c>

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and its own
 

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and its own
artificial

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artificial
 

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artificial
intelligence <00:03:21.290><c>chatbot.  </c><00:03:22.023><c>Two</c>

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intelligence chatbot.  Two
 

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intelligence chatbot.  Two
facilities <00:03:22.624><c>were </c><00:03:22.998><c>completely</c>

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facilities were completely
 

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facilities were completely
shut <00:03:23.721><c>down, </c><00:03:23.891><c>and </c><00:03:24.061><c>the </c><00:03:24.231><c>third</c>

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shut down, and the third
 

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shut down, and the third
lost <00:03:25.145><c>several</c>

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lost several
 

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lost several
modules.  <00:03:27.526><c>Within</c>

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modules.  Within
 

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modules.  Within
hours, <00:03:28.524><c>people</c>

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hours, people
 

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hours, people
were <00:03:29.247><c>sharing </c><00:03:29.660><c>graphs </c><00:03:30.073><c>from</c>

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were sharing graphs from
 

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were sharing graphs from
Cloudflare <00:03:30.572><c>Radar </c><00:03:30.967><c>showing</c>

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Cloudflare Radar showing
 

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Cloudflare Radar showing
how

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how
 

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how
Russian <00:03:33.103><c>bot</c>

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Russian bot
traffic <00:03:33.688><c>had </c><00:03:34.239><c>plummeted.</c>

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traffic had plummeted.
 

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EuroNews <00:03:36.045><c>estimated </c><00:03:36.799><c>that</c>

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EuroNews estimated that
 

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EuroNews estimated that
automated

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automated
 

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automated
traffic <00:03:38.801><c>from </c><00:03:39.155><c>the </c><00:03:39.509><c>Yandex </c><00:03:39.863><c>network</c>

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traffic from the Yandex network
 

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traffic from the Yandex network
has <00:03:40.506><c>decreased </c><00:03:40.826><c>by </c><00:03:41.146><c>approximately</c>

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has decreased by approximately
 

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has decreased by approximately
94%.  <00:03:42.734><c>Cloudflare </c><00:03:43.452><c>is </c><00:03:44.170><c>an</c>

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94%.  Cloudflare is an
 

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94%.  Cloudflare is an
American

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American
 

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American
company <00:03:45.657><c>that </c><00:03:46.094><c>stands</c>

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company that stands
 

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company that stands
between <00:03:46.704><c>a </c><00:03:46.858><c>large </c><00:03:47.012><c>portion </c><00:03:47.166><c>of </c><00:03:47.320><c>the</c>

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between a large portion of the
 

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between a large portion of the
world's <00:03:48.544><c>websites </c><00:03:49.174><c>and</c>

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world's websites and
 

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world's websites and
the <00:03:49.646><c>people </c><00:03:50.013><c>who</c>

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the people who
 

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the people who
visit <00:03:50.801><c>them.  </c><00:03:51.413><c>They</c>

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visit them.  They
 

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visit them.  They
protect <00:03:52.115><c>these </c><00:03:52.516><c>sites</c>

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protect these sites
 

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protect these sites
from <00:03:53.051><c>attacks, </c><00:03:53.218><c>and </c><00:03:53.385><c>part </c><00:03:53.552><c>of</c>

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from attacks, and part of
 

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from attacks, and part of
that <00:03:54.674><c>job </c><00:03:55.293><c>is</c>

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that job is
 

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that job is
determining <00:03:56.430><c>who</c>

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determining who
 

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determining who
is <00:03:56.898><c>human </c><00:03:57.132><c>and </c><00:03:57.366><c>who </c><00:03:57.600><c>is</c>

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is human and who is


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software.

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software.
 

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software.
Because

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Because
 

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Because
a <00:04:01.336><c>large</c>

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a large
 

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a large
portion <00:04:01.956><c>of </c><00:04:02.140><c>the </c><00:04:02.324><c>internet </c><00:04:02.508><c>passes </c><00:04:02.692><c>through </c><00:04:02.876><c>them,</c>

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portion of the internet passes through them,
 

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portion of the internet passes through them,
Cloudflare <00:04:03.131><c>publishes </c><00:04:03.316><c>a</c>

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Cloudflare publishes a
 

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Cloudflare publishes a
public

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public
 

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public
dashboard <00:04:05.631><c>called </c><00:04:06.268><c>Radar</c>

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dashboard called Radar
 

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dashboard called Radar
that <00:04:06.682><c>shows </c><00:04:07.028><c>what </c><00:04:07.374><c>they</c>

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that shows what they
 

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that shows what they
see.  <00:04:08.057><c>In </c><00:04:08.436><c>the </c><00:04:08.815><c>world </c><00:04:09.194><c>of </c><00:04:09.573><c>Cloudflare, </c><00:04:09.952><c>a</c>

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see.  In the world of Cloudflare, a
 

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see.  In the world of Cloudflare, a
bot <00:04:10.701><c>is </c><00:04:11.083><c>any</c>

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bot is any
 

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bot is any
automated

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automated
 

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automated
online <00:04:12.725><c>request, </c><00:04:13.035><c>and </c><00:04:13.345><c>before</c>

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online request, and before
 

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online request, and before
the <00:04:13.729><c>attacks, </c><00:04:13.945><c>they</c>

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the attacks, they
 

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the attacks, they
accounted <00:04:14.561><c>for </c><00:04:14.877><c>over</c>

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accounted for over
 

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accounted for over
a <00:04:15.367><c>third </c><00:04:15.491><c>of </c><00:04:15.615><c>all </c><00:04:15.739><c>the</c>

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a third of all the
 

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a third of all the
traffic <00:04:17.006><c>they</c>

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traffic they
 

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traffic they
handle <00:04:17.870><c>from </c><00:04:18.435><c>Russia.</c>

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handle from Russia.
 

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Most <00:04:21.209><c>of </c><00:04:21.564><c>them </c><00:04:21.919><c>are</c>

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Most of them are
 

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Most of them are
search <00:04:22.564><c>robots </c><00:04:23.048><c>and</c>

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search robots and
 

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search robots and
other <00:04:23.479><c>scripts, </c><00:04:23.748><c>which </c><00:04:24.017><c>are</c>

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other scripts, which are
 

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other scripts, which are
usually <00:04:24.516><c>much </c><00:04:24.790><c>more</c>

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usually much more
 

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usually much more
annoying <00:04:25.856><c>than </c><00:04:26.372><c>online</c>

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annoying than online
trolls.  <00:04:27.958><c>According </c><00:04:29.511><c>to</c>

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trolls.  According to
 

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trolls.  According to
Cloudflare, <00:04:30.312><c>the </c><00:04:30.632><c>traffic </c><00:04:30.952><c>that</c>

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Cloudflare, the traffic that
 

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Cloudflare, the traffic that
collapsed <00:04:32.022><c>consisted</c>

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collapsed consisted
 

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collapsed consisted
almost <00:04:33.240><c>exclusively </c><00:04:33.757><c>of</c>

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almost exclusively of
 

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Yandex <00:04:35.338><c>search </c><00:04:35.553><c>robots, </c><00:04:35.768><c>such </c><00:04:35.983><c>as </c><00:04:36.198><c>YandexBot, </c><00:04:36.413><c>that</c>

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Yandex search robots, such as YandexBot, that
 

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Yandex search robots, such as YandexBot, that
spent <00:04:37.079><c>days</c>

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spent days
 

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spent days
browsing <00:04:38.334><c>news</c>

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browsing news
 

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browsing news
sites <00:04:39.121><c>so </c><00:04:39.354><c>the </c><00:04:39.587><c>search</c>

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sites so the search
 

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sites so the search
engine <00:04:40.512><c>knew </c><00:04:40.807><c>what </c><00:04:41.102><c>was </c><00:04:41.397><c>on</c>

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engine knew what was on
 

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engine knew what was on
them.  <00:04:42.514><c>So, </c><00:04:43.446><c>the </c><00:04:44.378><c>internet</c>

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them.  So, the internet
 

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them.  So, the internet
spent <00:04:45.464><c>the </c><00:04:45.944><c>weekend</c>

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spent the weekend
 

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spent the weekend
celebrating <00:04:46.336><c>the </c><00:04:46.656><c>destruction </c><00:04:46.976><c>of </c><00:04:47.296><c>the</c>

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celebrating the destruction of the
search

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search
 

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search
engine <00:04:49.159><c>"officer."  </c><00:04:49.597><c>About </c><00:04:50.035><c>40% </c><00:04:50.473><c>of </c><00:04:50.911><c>the</c>

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engine "officer."  About 40% of the
news <00:04:52.121><c>sites</c>

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news sites
 

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news sites
he <00:04:53.590><c>visited</c>

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he visited
 

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he visited
were <00:04:54.331><c>already </c><00:04:54.808><c>blocked.    </c><00:04:55.285><c>The</c>

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were already blocked.    The
 

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entire <00:04:57.006><c>Yandex </c><00:04:57.398><c>search </c><00:04:57.790><c>network</c>

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entire Yandex search network
 

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entire Yandex search network
accounted <00:04:58.774><c>for</c>

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accounted for
 

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accounted for
about <00:05:00.035><c>0.05% </c><00:05:00.362><c>of </c><00:05:00.689><c>global</c>

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about 0.05% of global
 

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about 0.05% of global
bot <00:05:03.568><c>traffic.</c>

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bot traffic.
 

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bot traffic.
Cloudflare <00:05:04.266><c>next </c><00:05:04.665><c>examined </c><00:05:05.064><c>what</c>

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Cloudflare next examined what
 

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people <00:05:06.155><c>were </c><00:05:06.379><c>most </c><00:05:06.603><c>interested </c><00:05:06.827><c>in—</c>

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people were most interested in—
traffic <00:05:07.528><c>to</c>

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traffic to
 

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traffic to
social <00:05:08.410><c>media </c><00:05:08.926><c>sites,</c>

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social media sites,
 

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social media sites,
including <00:05:09.192><c>those </c><00:05:09.391><c>parts </c><00:05:09.590><c>of </c><00:05:09.789><c>the</c>

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including those parts of the
 

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including those parts of the
platform

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platform
 

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platform
responsible <00:05:11.955><c>for</c>

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responsible for
 

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responsible for
posts,

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posts,
 

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posts,
replies, <00:05:13.486><c>and</c>

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replies, and
 

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replies, and
likes.  <00:05:14.340><c>From </c><00:05:15.027><c>Russia</c>

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likes.  From Russia
 

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likes.  From Russia
or <00:05:15.662><c>anywhere </c><00:05:15.938><c>else,</c>

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or anywhere else,
 

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or anywhere else,
they <00:05:17.370><c>didn't</c>

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they didn't
 

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they didn't
detect <00:05:18.020><c>any</c>

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detect any
 

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detect any
unexpected <00:05:19.516><c>changes.</c>

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unexpected changes.
 

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They <00:05:21.087><c>emphasized </c><00:05:21.586><c>that</c>

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They emphasized that
 

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They emphasized that
they <00:05:22.113><c>only </c><00:05:22.478><c>saw </c><00:05:22.843><c>traffic</c>

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they only saw traffic
 

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they only saw traffic
passing <00:05:23.812><c>through</c>

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passing through
 

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passing through
their <00:05:24.715><c>own </c><00:05:25.263><c>network,</c>

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their own network,
 

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their own network,
so <00:05:25.553><c>they </c><00:05:25.778><c>couldn't</c>

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so they couldn't
 

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so they couldn't
rule <00:05:26.338><c>out </c><00:05:26.542><c>a </c><00:05:26.746><c>wider</c>

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rule out a wider
 

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rule out a wider
impact.  <00:05:28.789><c>But</c>

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impact.  But
 

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impact.  But
as <00:05:29.072><c>far </c><00:05:29.292><c>as </c><00:05:29.512><c>they </c><00:05:29.732><c>could</c>

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as far as they could
 

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as far as they could
see, <00:05:30.277><c>the </c><00:05:30.474><c>troll </c><00:05:30.671><c>farms </c><00:05:30.868><c>had</c>

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see, the troll farms had
 

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see, the troll farms had
n't <00:05:31.356><c>missed </c><00:05:31.434><c>a</c>

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n't missed a
 

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n't missed a
day <00:05:32.632><c>of </c><00:05:33.167><c>work.</c>

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day of work.
 

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day of work.
However, <00:05:34.049><c>the </c><00:05:34.167><c>drone </c><00:05:34.285><c>strikes</c>

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However, the drone strikes
 

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However, the drone strikes


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caused <00:05:36.179><c>considerable</c>

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caused considerable
 

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caused considerable
damage.  <00:05:37.123><c>According </c><00:05:37.531><c>to </c><00:05:37.939><c>the </c><00:05:38.347><c>FT,</c>

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damage.  According to the FT,
 

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damage.  According to the FT,
users of the

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users of the
 

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Yandex <00:05:40.876><c>payment </c><00:05:41.102><c>app </c><00:05:41.328><c>woke </c><00:05:41.554><c>up </c><00:05:41.780><c>to</c>

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Yandex payment app woke up to
 

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Yandex payment app woke up to
find <00:05:42.686><c>their</c>

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find their
 

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find their
balances <00:05:43.553><c>had </c><00:05:44.080><c>disappeared.  </c><00:05:44.607><c>In</c>

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balances had disappeared.  In
 

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balances had disappeared.  In
some <00:05:45.125><c>cities,</c>

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some cities,
 

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some cities,
timetables <00:05:46.030><c>disappeared </c><00:05:46.515><c>from</c>

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timetables disappeared from
 

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timetables disappeared from
bus <00:05:47.210><c>stops, </c><00:05:47.808><c>and</c>

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bus stops, and
 

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bus stops, and
residents <00:05:48.181><c>of </c><00:05:48.456><c>many</c>

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residents of many
 

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residents of many
Moscow

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Moscow
 

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Moscow
apartment

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apartment
 

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apartment
buildings <00:05:51.091><c>found </c><00:05:51.366><c>themselves</c>

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buildings found themselves
 

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buildings found themselves
blocked

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blocked
 

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blocked
outside <00:05:53.225><c>their </c><00:05:53.435><c>own</c>

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outside their own
 

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outside their own
yards <00:05:54.373><c>because</c>

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yards because
 

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yards because
the barriers

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the barriers
 

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the barriers
were serviced by

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were serviced by
 

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were serviced by
a <00:05:57.186><c>company</c>

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a company
 

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a company
dependent <00:05:57.833><c>on </c><00:05:58.318><c>Yandex.</c>

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dependent on Yandex.
 

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dependent on Yandex.
The <00:05:58.878><c>reason </c><00:05:59.197><c>why </c><00:05:59.516><c>three</c>

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The reason why three
 

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The reason why three
strikes <00:06:00.067><c>could </c><00:06:00.348><c>have </c><00:06:00.629><c>caused</c>

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strikes could have caused
 

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strikes could have caused
so <00:06:01.896><c>much </c><00:06:02.586><c>damage</c>

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so much damage
 

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so much damage
goes <00:06:02.804><c>back </c><00:06:02.944><c>to </c><00:06:03.084><c>a</c>

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goes back to a
 

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goes back to a
decision

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decision
 

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decision
Vladimir <00:06:05.350><c>Putin</c>

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Vladimir Putin
 

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Vladimir Putin
made <00:06:06.328><c>in </c><00:06:06.884><c>2014.  </c><00:06:07.440><c>This</c>

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made in 2014.  This
 

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made in 2014.  This
story <00:06:07.891><c>has </c><00:06:08.159><c>already </c><00:06:08.427><c>become</c>

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story has already become
 

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story has already become
political.

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political.
 

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political.
Claims <00:06:10.429><c>about </c><00:06:10.956><c>whether</c>

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Claims about whether
 

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disinformation bot activity

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disinformation bot activity
 

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disinformation bot activity
has <00:06:13.739><c>actually </c><00:06:13.948><c>slowed </c><00:06:14.157><c>after </c><00:06:14.366><c>the</c>

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has actually slowed after the
 

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has actually slowed after the
strikes <00:06:14.926><c>were </c><00:06:15.143><c>divided</c>

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strikes were divided
 

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strikes were divided
by <00:06:16.012><c>expected</c>

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by expected
 

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by expected
scenarios.  <00:06:17.048><c>And </c><00:06:17.371><c>this </c><00:06:17.694><c>is </c><00:06:18.017><c>exactly</c>

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scenarios.  And this is exactly
 

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scenarios.  And this is exactly
the <00:06:18.687><c>point </c><00:06:19.038><c>where </c><00:06:19.389><c>I</c>

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the point where I
 

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the point where I
check <00:06:20.023><c>Ground </c><00:06:20.550><c>News</c>

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check Ground News
 

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check Ground News
before <00:06:21.184><c>taking</c>

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before taking
 

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before taking
any <00:06:22.036><c>version </c><00:06:22.291><c>at </c><00:06:22.546><c>face </c><00:06:22.801><c>value</c>

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any version at face value
 

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any version at face value
.  <00:06:23.456><c>Of </c><00:06:23.935><c>the </c><00:06:24.414><c>471</c>

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.  Of the 471
 

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.  Of the 471
sources

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sources
 

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sources
covering <00:06:27.157><c>this</c>

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covering this
 

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covering this
story, <00:06:27.986><c>27% </c><00:06:28.529><c>are</c>

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story, 27% are
 

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story, 27% are
right-leaning, <00:06:29.710><c>35% </c><00:06:30.262><c>are </c><00:06:30.814><c>left-leaning</c>

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right-leaning, 35% are left-leaning
, <00:06:31.543><c>and </c><00:06:31.700><c>38% </c><00:06:31.857><c>are </c><00:06:32.014><c>centrist</c>

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, and 38% are centrist
.  <00:06:33.795><c>80% </c><00:06:33.975><c>have </c><00:06:34.155><c>a </c><00:06:34.335><c>high</c>

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.  80% have a high
 

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.  80% have a high


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factual <00:06:36.043><c>rating, </c><00:06:36.540><c>and </c><00:06:37.037><c>20%</c>

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factual rating, and 20%
come <00:06:37.763><c>from</c>

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come from
 

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come from
independent <00:06:39.295><c>publications,</c>

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independent publications,
 

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independent publications,
not <00:06:39.900><c>large</c>

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not large
 

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not large
media <00:06:40.955><c>groups.  </c><00:06:41.405><c>This</c>

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media groups.  This
 

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media groups.  This
separation <00:06:42.441><c>is</c>

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separation is
 

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separation is
more <00:06:42.985><c>important </c><00:06:43.309><c>here </c><00:06:43.633><c>than</c>

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more important here than
 

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more important here than
usual.  <00:06:44.000><c>Elections </c><00:06:44.145><c>are </c><00:06:44.290><c>approaching </c><00:06:44.435><c>in </c><00:06:44.580><c>several</c>

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usual.  Elections are approaching in several
 

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usual.  Elections are approaching in several
countries <00:06:45.751><c>following</c>

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countries following
 

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countries following
this <00:06:47.135><c>story</c>

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this story
 

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this story
,

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,
 

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,
and <00:06:48.673><c>which </c><00:06:48.949><c>version </c><00:06:49.225><c>of </c><00:06:49.501><c>“</c>

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and which version of “
bot <00:06:50.643><c>slowdown”</c>

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bot slowdown”
 

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bot slowdown”
spreads <00:06:51.114><c>the </c><00:06:51.493><c>most </c><00:06:51.872><c>widely</c>

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spreads the most widely
 

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spreads the most widely
could <00:06:53.011><c>affect</c>

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could affect
 

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could affect
how <00:06:53.658><c>seriously</c>

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how seriously
 

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how seriously
people <00:06:54.319><c>take </c><00:06:54.457><c>the</c>

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people take the
 

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people take the
risk <00:06:55.457><c>of </c><00:06:55.626><c>disinformation</c>

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risk of disinformation
 

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risk of disinformation
in <00:06:56.696><c>front </c><00:06:56.935><c>of </c><00:06:57.174><c>them.  </c><00:06:57.413><c>A </c><00:06:57.652><c>mistake </c><00:06:57.891><c>in</c>

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in front of them.  A mistake in
 

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in front of them.  A mistake in
any <00:06:58.368><c>of </c><00:06:58.744><c>these</c>

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any of these
 

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any of these
areas <00:06:59.823><c>has</c>

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areas has
 

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areas has
consequences.

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consequences.
 

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consequences.
Exaggerated

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Exaggerated
 

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Exaggerated
reassurance <00:07:02.973><c>breeds</c>

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reassurance breeds
 

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reassurance breeds
complacency, <00:07:04.539><c>while</c>

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complacency, while
 

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complacency, while
exaggerated <00:07:05.034><c>threat </c><00:07:05.433><c>breeds</c>

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exaggerated threat breeds
panic <00:07:06.136><c>that </c><00:07:06.391><c>is </c><00:07:06.646><c>not</c>

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panic that is not
 

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panic that is not
supported <00:07:06.994><c>by </c><00:07:07.180><c>data.    </c><00:07:07.366><c>This </c><00:07:07.552><c>is </c><00:07:07.738><c>exactly </c><00:07:07.924><c>what</c>

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supported by data.    This is exactly what
 

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Ground <00:07:10.133><c>News </c><00:07:10.347><c>was </c><00:07:10.561><c>created </c><00:07:10.775><c>for.  </c><00:07:10.989><c>It </c><00:07:11.203><c>does</c>

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Ground News was created for.  It does
 

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Ground News was created for.  It does
n't <00:07:11.677><c>say </c><00:07:11.922><c>which</c>

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n't say which
 

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n't say which
statement <00:07:12.495><c>is </c><00:07:12.839><c>correct</c>

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statement is correct
, <00:07:13.574><c>but </c><00:07:13.721><c>simply </c><00:07:13.868><c>shows </c><00:07:14.015><c>the</c>

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, but simply shows the
 

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, but simply shows the
full <00:07:14.801><c>spectrum </c><00:07:15.095><c>of </c><00:07:15.389><c>opinions, </c><00:07:15.683><c>the</c>

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full spectrum of opinions, the
 

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full spectrum of opinions, the
distribution of

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distribution of
 

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distribution of
bias,

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bias,
 

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bias,
the rating of

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the rating of
 

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the rating of
factuality,

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factuality,
 

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factuality,
the <00:07:19.121><c>owners </c><00:07:19.481><c>of </c><00:07:19.841><c>sources,</c>

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the owners of sources,
 

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the owners of sources,
and <00:07:20.364><c>a </c><00:07:20.789><c>"</c>

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and a "
blind <00:07:21.105><c>spot" </c><00:07:21.355><c>feed </c><00:07:21.605><c>that</c>

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blind spot" feed that
 

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blind spot" feed that
demonstrates <00:07:22.311><c>which </c><00:07:22.785><c>topics</c>

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demonstrates which topics
 

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demonstrates which topics
one <00:07:23.374><c>side</c>

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one side
 

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one side
actively <00:07:24.246><c>covers </c><00:07:24.627><c>and </c><00:07:25.008><c>the</c>

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actively covers and the
 

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actively covers and the
other <00:07:25.403><c>mostly</c>

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other mostly
 

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other mostly
ignores.  <00:07:26.768><c>Go</c>

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ignores.  Go
 

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ignores.  Go
to <00:07:28.159><c>ground.news/pb </c><00:07:28.623><c>to</c>

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to ground.news/pb to
 

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to ground.news/pb to
get <00:07:29.419><c>40% </c><00:07:29.905><c>off </c><00:07:30.391><c>the</c>

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get 40% off the
 

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get 40% off the
Vantage <00:07:31.142><c>plan—the </c><00:07:31.672><c>same </c><00:07:32.202><c>one</c>

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Vantage plan—the same one
 

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Vantage plan—the same one
I <00:07:33.500><c>use.  </c><00:07:34.709><c>In</c>

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I use.  In
 

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I use.  In
2014, <00:07:35.364><c>Vladimir</c>

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2014, Vladimir
 

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2014, Vladimir
Putin <00:07:36.519><c>called</c>

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Putin called
 

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Putin called
the <00:07:37.347><c>internet </c><00:07:37.674><c>a</c>

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the internet a
 

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the internet a
CIA <00:07:38.816><c>project, </c><00:07:39.303><c>complaining </c><00:07:39.790><c>that</c>

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CIA project, complaining that
 

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CIA project, complaining that
everything <00:07:40.331><c>goes</c>

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everything goes
 

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everything goes
through <00:07:41.395><c>servers </c><00:07:41.728><c>in </c><00:07:42.061><c>the</c>

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through servers in the
 

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through servers in the
United <00:07:43.449><c>States.</c>

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United States.
 

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So <00:07:45.700><c>later </c><00:07:46.212><c>that</c>

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So later that
 

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So later that
year, <00:07:46.554><c>he </c><00:07:46.802><c>signed</c>

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year, he signed
 

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year, he signed
a <00:07:47.508><c>law </c><00:07:47.684><c>requiring </c><00:07:47.860><c>the</c>

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a law requiring the
 

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a law requiring the


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personal <00:07:49.273><c>data </c><00:07:49.630><c>of</c>

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personal data of
 

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personal data of
Russian <00:07:50.074><c>citizens </c><00:07:50.237><c>to </c><00:07:50.400><c>be </c><00:07:50.563><c>stored</c>

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Russian citizens to be stored
 

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Russian citizens to be stored
on <00:07:51.247><c>servers</c>

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on servers
 

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on servers
within <00:07:52.256><c>the </c><00:07:52.737><c>country.</c>

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within the country.
 

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LinkedIn <00:07:54.460><c>refused</c>

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LinkedIn refused
 

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LinkedIn refused
to <00:07:55.900><c>comply </c><00:07:56.544><c>and</c>

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to comply and
 

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to comply and
was <00:07:57.320><c>blocked </c><00:07:57.983><c>in</c>

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was blocked in
 

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was blocked in
2016, <00:07:58.551><c>depriving</c>

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2016, depriving
 

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2016, depriving
millions <00:07:59.560><c>of </c><00:07:59.774><c>Russians </c><00:07:59.988><c>of</c>

00:08:00.445 --> 00:08:00.483 align:start position:0%
millions of Russians of
 

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millions of Russians of
ten <00:08:00.786><c>years </c><00:08:01.089><c>of </c><00:08:01.392><c>posts</c>

00:08:01.846 --> 00:08:01.884 align:start position:0%
ten years of posts
 

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ten years of posts
from <00:08:02.452><c>strangers </c><00:08:03.020><c>about</c>

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from strangers about
 

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from strangers about
what <00:08:04.043><c>their</c>

00:08:04.573 --> 00:08:04.611 align:start position:0%
what their
 

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what their
kids <00:08:04.847><c>taught </c><00:08:05.083><c>them </c><00:08:05.319><c>about </c><00:08:05.555><c>B2B</c>

00:08:05.596 --> 00:08:07.738 align:start position:0%
kids taught them about B2B
sales.  <00:08:06.137><c>For </c><00:08:06.678><c>a </c><00:08:07.219><c>long</c>

00:08:07.738 --> 00:08:07.770 align:start position:0%
sales.  For a long
 

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sales.  For a long
time, <00:08:08.021><c>this </c><00:08:08.272><c>seemed </c><00:08:08.523><c>like </c><00:08:08.774><c>a</c>

00:08:08.904 --> 00:08:08.936 align:start position:0%
time, this seemed like a
 

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time, this seemed like a
smart <00:08:09.722><c>move.  </c><00:08:10.508><c>When</c>

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smart move.  When
 

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smart move.  When
cloud <00:08:11.406><c>providers </c><00:08:11.999><c>like</c>

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cloud providers like
Amazon, <00:08:12.507><c>Microsoft, </c><00:08:12.879><c>and </c><00:08:13.251><c>Google</c>

00:08:13.287 --> 00:08:13.321 align:start position:0%
Amazon, Microsoft, and Google
 

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Amazon, Microsoft, and Google
stopped <00:08:13.863><c>working </c><00:08:14.405><c>with</c>

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stopped working with
 

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stopped working with
Russian

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Russian
 

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Russian
customers <00:08:15.930><c>after</c>

00:08:16.269 --> 00:08:16.303 align:start position:0%
customers after
 

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customers after
Russia <00:08:17.387><c>invaded</c>

00:08:17.455 --> 00:08:17.489 align:start position:0%
Russia invaded
 

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Russia invaded
Ukraine, <00:08:17.861><c>the </c><00:08:18.233><c>internet </c><00:08:18.605><c>in</c>

00:08:18.675 --> 00:08:18.708 align:start position:0%
Ukraine, the internet in
 

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Ukraine, the internet in
Russia <00:08:19.081><c>continued</c>

00:08:19.827 --> 00:08:19.860 align:start position:0%
Russia continued
 

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Russia continued
to <00:08:20.072><c>work </c><00:08:20.284><c>because </c><00:08:20.496><c>it </c><00:08:20.708><c>was</c>

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to work because it was
 

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to work because it was
run <00:08:21.233><c>by </c><00:08:21.521><c>Russian</c>

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run by Russian
 

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run by Russian
companies <00:08:22.741><c>on</c>

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companies on
 

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companies on
Russian <00:08:24.164><c>servers,</c>

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Russian servers,
 

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Russian servers,
and <00:08:24.446><c>no </c><00:08:24.660><c>one </c><00:08:24.874><c>abroad</c>

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and no one abroad
 

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and no one abroad
had <00:08:25.812><c>a </c><00:08:26.173><c>“switch.”    </c><00:08:26.534><c>The</c>

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had a “switch.”    The
 

00:08:28.068 --> 00:08:28.101 align:start position:0%
 
 

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data <00:08:28.472><c>localization </c><00:08:28.843><c>law</c>

00:08:29.168 --> 00:08:29.200 align:start position:0%
data localization law
 

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data localization law
insulated <00:08:29.475><c>the </c><00:08:29.750><c>Russian</c>

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insulated the Russian
 

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insulated the Russian
Internet <00:08:30.978><c>from</c>

00:08:31.172 --> 00:08:31.205 align:start position:0%
Internet from
 

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Internet from
Western <00:08:31.706><c>sanctions.    </c><00:08:32.207><c>The</c>

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Western sanctions.    The
 

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downside <00:08:34.537><c>was</c>

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downside was
 

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downside was
that <00:08:35.028><c>a </c><00:08:35.224><c>large </c><00:08:35.420><c>part </c><00:08:35.616><c>of</c>

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that a large part of
 

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that a large part of
Russia's <00:08:36.797><c>digital</c>

00:08:37.321 --> 00:08:37.354 align:start position:0%
Russia's digital
 

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Russia's digital
economy <00:08:37.665><c>ended </c><00:08:37.976><c>up</c>

00:08:38.566 --> 00:08:38.599 align:start position:0%
economy ended up
 

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economy ended up
in <00:08:38.885><c>a </c><00:08:39.171><c>few </c><00:08:39.457><c>buildings </c><00:08:39.743><c>within</c>

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in a few buildings within
 

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in a few buildings within
range <00:08:40.138><c>of</c>

00:08:40.793 --> 00:08:40.826 align:start position:0%
range of
 

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range of
drones <00:08:41.710><c>from</c>

00:08:41.776 --> 00:08:41.808 align:start position:0%
drones from
 

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drones from
Ukraine, <00:08:42.529><c>which</c>

00:08:42.660 --> 00:08:42.693 align:start position:0%
Ukraine, which
 

00:08:42.693 --> 00:08:43.479 align:start position:0%
Ukraine, which
turned <00:08:42.824><c>out </c><00:08:42.955><c>to </c><00:08:43.086><c>be </c><00:08:43.217><c>not </c><00:08:43.348><c>the</c>

00:08:43.479 --> 00:08:43.512 align:start position:0%
turned out to be not the
 

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turned out to be not the
best <00:08:43.970><c>place </c><00:08:44.428><c>to</c>

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best place to
 

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best place to
store <00:08:45.002><c>the </c><00:08:45.346><c>country's</c>

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store the country's
 

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store the country's
bus <00:08:46.214><c>schedules </c><00:08:46.525><c>and</c>

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bus schedules and
 

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bus schedules and
banking <00:08:47.376><c>data</c>

00:08:47.704 --> 00:08:47.737 align:start position:0%
banking data
 

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banking data
.  <00:08:48.336><c>And </c><00:08:48.935><c>if</c>

00:08:49.191 --> 00:08:49.223 align:start position:0%
.  And if
 

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.  And if
Russian <00:08:49.829><c>companies</c>

00:08:50.340 --> 00:08:50.371 align:start position:0%
Russian companies
 

00:08:50.371 --> 00:08:51.615 align:start position:0%
Russian companies
wanted <00:08:50.642><c>to </c><00:08:50.913><c>move</c>

00:08:51.615 --> 00:08:51.647 align:start position:0%
wanted to move
 

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wanted to move
their <00:08:51.934><c>data </c><00:08:52.221><c>somewhere</c>

00:08:52.604 --> 00:08:52.636 align:start position:0%
their data somewhere
 

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their data somewhere
safer, <00:08:53.338><c>say</c>

00:08:53.784 --> 00:08:53.816 align:start position:0%
safer, say
 

00:08:53.816 --> 00:08:54.964 align:start position:0%
safer, say
abroad, <00:08:54.773><c>the</c>

00:08:54.964 --> 00:08:54.996 align:start position:0%
abroad, the
 

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abroad, the
data <00:08:55.357><c>localization </c><00:08:55.718><c>law </c><00:08:56.079><c>would</c>

00:08:56.208 --> 00:08:56.240 align:start position:0%
data localization law would
 

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data localization law would
not <00:08:56.457><c>allow </c><00:08:56.674><c>them </c><00:08:56.891><c>to </c><00:08:57.108><c>do </c><00:08:57.325><c>so.</c>

00:08:57.357 --> 00:08:58.139 align:start position:0%
not allow them to do so.
 

00:08:58.139 --> 00:08:59.289 align:start position:0%
not allow them to do so.
Therefore, <00:08:58.490><c>Yandex </c><00:08:58.841><c>advised</c>

00:08:59.289 --> 00:08:59.321 align:start position:0%
Therefore, Yandex advised
 

00:08:59.321 --> 00:09:00.183 align:start position:0%
Therefore, Yandex advised
its <00:08:59.672><c>customers</c>

00:09:00.183 --> 00:09:00.215 align:start position:0%
its customers
 

00:09:00.215 --> 00:09:01.397 align:start position:0%
its customers
to <00:09:00.886><c>back</c>

00:09:01.397 --> 00:09:01.429 align:start position:0%
to back
 

00:09:01.429 --> 00:09:02.196 align:start position:0%
to back
up <00:09:01.780><c>data </c><00:09:02.131><c>to</c>

00:09:02.196 --> 00:09:02.228 align:start position:0%
up data to
 

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up data to
competitors, <00:09:02.723><c>whose </c><00:09:03.218><c>data</c>

00:09:03.474 --> 00:09:04.624 align:start position:0%
competitors, whose data
centers <00:09:03.921><c>are</c>

00:09:04.624 --> 00:09:04.656 align:start position:0%
centers are
 

00:09:04.656 --> 00:09:05.710 align:start position:0%
centers are
also <00:09:04.831><c>mostly </c><00:09:05.006><c>located</c>

00:09:05.710 --> 00:09:05.742 align:start position:0%
also mostly located
 

00:09:05.742 --> 00:09:06.764 align:start position:0%
also mostly located
around <00:09:06.189><c>Moscow </c><00:09:06.636><c>and</c>

00:09:06.764 --> 00:09:06.796 align:start position:0%
around Moscow and
 

00:09:06.796 --> 00:09:07.819 align:start position:0%
around Moscow and
St. <00:09:07.787><c>Petersburg.</c>

00:09:07.819 --> 00:09:08.955 align:start position:0%
St. Petersburg.
 

00:09:08.955 --> 00:09:10.119 align:start position:0%
 
Investors <00:09:09.154><c>appeared </c><00:09:09.353><c>to </c><00:09:09.552><c>be</c>

00:09:10.119 --> 00:09:10.151 align:start position:0%
Investors appeared to be
 

00:09:10.151 --> 00:09:11.189 align:start position:0%
Investors appeared to be
quite <00:09:10.560><c>calm</c>

00:09:11.189 --> 00:09:11.221 align:start position:0%
quite calm
 

00:09:11.221 --> 00:09:12.323 align:start position:0%
quite calm
about <00:09:11.756><c>this </c><00:09:12.291><c>destruction.</c>

00:09:12.323 --> 00:09:13.007 align:start position:0%
about this destruction.
 

00:09:13.007 --> 00:09:14.302 align:start position:0%
about this destruction.
Yandex <00:09:13.474><c>shares </c><00:09:13.941><c>fell</c>

00:09:14.302 --> 00:09:14.338 align:start position:0%
Yandex shares fell
 

00:09:14.338 --> 00:09:15.526 align:start position:0%
Yandex shares fell
about <00:09:15.310><c>11%</c>

00:09:15.526 --> 00:09:15.562 align:start position:0%
about 11%
 

00:09:15.562 --> 00:09:16.749 align:start position:0%
about 11%
during <00:09:15.831><c>the </c><00:09:16.100><c>series </c><00:09:16.369><c>of </c><00:09:16.638><c>strikes—a</c>

00:09:16.749 --> 00:09:17.721 align:start position:0%
during the series of strikes—a
fairly <00:09:17.217><c>modest</c>

00:09:17.721 --> 00:09:17.757 align:start position:0%
fairly modest
 

00:09:17.757 --> 00:09:18.512 align:start position:0%
fairly modest
response <00:09:18.027><c>for </c><00:09:18.297><c>a</c>

00:09:18.512 --> 00:09:18.548 align:start position:0%
response for a
 

00:09:18.548 --> 00:09:19.484 align:start position:0%
response for a
technology

00:09:19.484 --> 00:09:19.520 align:start position:0%
technology
 

00:09:19.520 --> 00:09:20.780 align:start position:0%
technology
company <00:09:19.820><c>that </c><00:09:20.120><c>had </c><00:09:20.420><c>just</c>

00:09:20.780 --> 00:09:20.816 align:start position:0%
company that had just
 

00:09:20.816 --> 00:09:22.003 align:start position:0%
company that had just
lost <00:09:21.121><c>half </c><00:09:21.426><c>of</c>

00:09:22.003 --> 00:09:22.039 align:start position:0%
lost half of
 

00:09:22.039 --> 00:09:23.371 align:start position:0%
lost half of
its <00:09:22.687><c>major </c><00:09:23.335><c>data</c>

00:09:23.371 --> 00:09:26.004 align:start position:0%
its major data
centers.  <00:09:24.383><c>Part </c><00:09:25.395><c>of</c>

00:09:26.004 --> 00:09:26.042 align:start position:0%
centers.  Part of
 

00:09:26.042 --> 00:09:27.261 align:start position:0%
centers.  Part of
the <00:09:26.308><c>reason </c><00:09:26.574><c>is </c><00:09:26.840><c>that </c><00:09:27.106><c>the</c>

00:09:27.261 --> 00:09:27.299 align:start position:0%
the reason is that the
 

00:09:27.299 --> 00:09:28.632 align:start position:0%
the reason is that the
cloud <00:09:27.851><c>business, </c><00:09:28.403><c>the</c>

00:09:28.632 --> 00:09:28.670 align:start position:0%
cloud business, the
 

00:09:28.670 --> 00:09:29.775 align:start position:0%
cloud business, the
very <00:09:29.146><c>sector </c><00:09:29.622><c>that</c>

00:09:29.775 --> 00:09:29.813 align:start position:0%
very sector that
 

00:09:29.813 --> 00:09:30.803 align:start position:0%
very sector that
really <00:09:30.289><c>took </c><00:09:30.765><c>off,</c>

00:09:30.803 --> 00:09:30.841 align:start position:0%
really took off,
 

00:09:30.841 --> 00:09:31.870 align:start position:0%
really took off,
accounts <00:09:31.203><c>for </c><00:09:31.565><c>only</c>

00:09:31.870 --> 00:09:31.908 align:start position:0%
accounts for only
 

00:09:31.908 --> 00:09:33.127 align:start position:0%
accounts for only
about <00:09:32.479><c>4% </c><00:09:33.050><c>of</c>

00:09:33.127 --> 00:09:34.384 align:start position:0%
about 4% of
Yandex's <00:09:33.520><c>revenue, </c><00:09:33.913><c>according </c><00:09:34.306><c>to</c>

00:09:34.384 --> 00:09:34.422 align:start position:0%
Yandex's revenue, according to
 

00:09:34.422 --> 00:09:37.270 align:start position:0%
Yandex's revenue, according to
T-Journal.  <00:09:35.668><c>Real </c><00:09:36.914><c>money</c>

00:09:37.270 --> 00:09:37.306 align:start position:0%
T-Journal.  Real money
 

00:09:37.306 --> 00:09:38.376 align:start position:0%
T-Journal.  Real money
comes <00:09:37.823><c>from </c><00:09:38.340><c>taxis,</c>

00:09:38.376 --> 00:09:38.411 align:start position:0%
comes from taxis,
 

00:09:38.411 --> 00:09:39.588 align:start position:0%
comes from taxis,
advertising, <00:09:38.981><c>and </c><00:09:39.551><c>online</c>

00:09:39.588 --> 00:09:42.298 align:start position:0%
advertising, and online
shopping.  <00:09:40.341><c>And </c><00:09:41.094><c>these </c><00:09:41.847><c>services</c>

00:09:42.298 --> 00:09:42.331 align:start position:0%
shopping.  And these services
 

00:09:42.331 --> 00:09:43.556 align:start position:0%
shopping.  And these services
could <00:09:42.653><c>be </c><00:09:42.975><c>moved</c>

00:09:43.556 --> 00:09:43.589 align:start position:0%
could be moved
 

00:09:43.589 --> 00:09:44.427 align:start position:0%
could be moved
to <00:09:44.040><c>other</c>

00:09:44.427 --> 00:09:44.460 align:start position:0%
to other
 

00:09:44.460 --> 00:09:45.299 align:start position:0%
to other
data <00:09:45.266><c>centers,</c>

00:09:45.299 --> 00:09:45.331 align:start position:0%
data centers,
 

00:09:45.331 --> 00:09:46.524 align:start position:0%
data centers,
at <00:09:45.564><c>least </c><00:09:45.797><c>as </c><00:09:46.030><c>long </c><00:09:46.263><c>as</c>

00:09:46.524 --> 00:09:46.557 align:start position:0%
at least as long as
 

00:09:46.557 --> 00:09:47.234 align:start position:0%
at least as long as
such <00:09:46.847><c>centers</c>

00:09:47.234 --> 00:09:47.266 align:start position:0%
such centers
 

00:09:47.266 --> 00:09:48.009 align:start position:0%
such centers
remain.

00:09:48.009 --> 00:09:49.714 align:start position:0%
remain.
 

00:09:49.714 --> 00:09:51.162 align:start position:0%
 
Yandex <00:09:50.397><c>customers </c><00:09:51.080><c>were</c>

00:09:51.162 --> 00:09:51.204 align:start position:0%
Yandex customers were
 

00:09:51.204 --> 00:09:52.446 align:start position:0%
Yandex customers were
less <00:09:52.404><c>fortunate.</c>

00:09:52.446 --> 00:09:53.058 align:start position:0%
less fortunate.
 

00:09:53.058 --> 00:09:54.130 align:start position:0%
less fortunate.
Thousands <00:09:53.269><c>of </c><00:09:53.480><c>Russian</c>

00:09:54.130 --> 00:09:54.163 align:start position:0%
Thousands of Russian
 

00:09:54.163 --> 00:09:55.301 align:start position:0%
Thousands of Russian
companies <00:09:54.716><c>rent</c>

00:09:55.301 --> 00:09:55.334 align:start position:0%
companies rent
 

00:09:55.334 --> 00:09:56.472 align:start position:0%
companies rent
space <00:09:55.691><c>on </c><00:09:56.048><c>Yandex </c><00:09:56.405><c>servers</c>

00:09:56.472 --> 00:09:57.577 align:start position:0%
space on Yandex servers
, <00:09:56.797><c>and </c><00:09:57.122><c>when </c><00:09:57.447><c>these</c>

00:09:57.577 --> 00:09:57.610 align:start position:0%
, and when these
 

00:09:57.610 --> 00:09:58.780 align:start position:0%
, and when these
servers <00:09:58.179><c>went </c><00:09:58.748><c>down,</c>

00:09:58.780 --> 00:09:58.813 align:start position:0%
servers went down,
 

00:09:58.813 --> 00:09:59.821 align:start position:0%
servers went down,
they <00:09:59.138><c>too </c><00:09:59.463><c>went </c><00:09:59.788><c>down.</c>

00:09:59.821 --> 00:10:01.142 align:start position:0%
they too went down.
 

00:10:01.142 --> 00:10:02.057 align:start position:0%
 
One <00:10:01.426><c>Russian</c>

00:10:02.057 --> 00:10:02.088 align:start position:0%
One Russian
 

00:10:02.088 --> 00:10:03.067 align:start position:0%
One Russian
telecom <00:10:02.562><c>analyst</c>

00:10:03.067 --> 00:10:03.098 align:start position:0%
telecom analyst
 

00:10:03.098 --> 00:10:03.919 align:start position:0%
telecom analyst
estimated <00:10:03.445><c>that </c><00:10:03.792><c>the</c>

00:10:03.919 --> 00:10:03.951 align:start position:0%
estimated that the
 

00:10:03.951 --> 00:10:04.803 align:start position:0%
estimated that the
cumulative <00:10:04.424><c>losses</c>

00:10:04.803 --> 00:10:04.834 align:start position:0%
cumulative losses
 

00:10:04.834 --> 00:10:05.813 align:start position:0%
cumulative losses
reached <00:10:05.039><c>billions </c><00:10:05.244><c>of</c>

00:10:05.813 --> 00:10:05.844 align:start position:0%
reached billions of
 

00:10:05.844 --> 00:10:06.697 align:start position:0%
reached billions of
rubles <00:10:06.254><c>per </c><00:10:06.664><c>day.</c>

00:10:06.697 --> 00:10:07.529 align:start position:0%
rubles per day.
 

00:10:07.529 --> 00:10:08.845 align:start position:0%
rubles per day.
The <00:10:08.305><c>situation</c>

00:10:08.845 --> 00:10:08.879 align:start position:0%
The situation
 

00:10:08.879 --> 00:10:10.196 align:start position:0%
The situation
will <00:10:09.047><c>not </c><00:10:09.215><c>be </c><00:10:09.383><c>resolved </c><00:10:09.551><c>quickly </c><00:10:09.719><c>either</c>

00:10:10.196 --> 00:10:11.678 align:start position:0%
will not be resolved quickly either
.  <00:10:10.635><c>Someone </c><00:10:11.074><c>close</c>

00:10:11.678 --> 00:10:11.711 align:start position:0%
.  Someone close
 

00:10:11.711 --> 00:10:13.017 align:start position:0%
.  Someone close
to

00:10:13.017 --> 00:10:13.051 align:start position:0%
to
 

00:10:13.051 --> 00:10:14.290 align:start position:0%
to
Yandex <00:10:13.369><c>management </c><00:10:13.687><c>told</c>

00:10:14.290 --> 00:10:14.323 align:start position:0%
Yandex management told
 

00:10:14.323 --> 00:10:15.160 align:start position:0%
Yandex management told
the <00:10:14.398><c>FT </c><00:10:14.473><c>that </c><00:10:14.548><c>the </c><00:10:14.623><c>company</c>

00:10:15.160 --> 00:10:15.194 align:start position:0%
the FT that the company
 

00:10:15.194 --> 00:10:16.433 align:start position:0%
the FT that the company
hopes <00:10:16.031><c>to</c>

00:10:16.433 --> 00:10:16.466 align:start position:0%
hopes to
 

00:10:16.466 --> 00:10:17.504 align:start position:0%
hopes to
restore

00:10:17.504 --> 00:10:17.538 align:start position:0%
restore
 

00:10:17.538 --> 00:10:18.844 align:start position:0%
restore
services <00:10:17.797><c>quickly, </c><00:10:18.056><c>just </c><00:10:18.315><c>a </c><00:10:18.574><c>little</c>

00:10:18.844 --> 00:10:18.877 align:start position:0%
services quickly, just a little
 

00:10:18.877 --> 00:10:19.815 align:start position:0%
services quickly, just a little
slower <00:10:19.614><c>than</c>

00:10:19.815 --> 00:10:19.848 align:start position:0%
slower than
 

00:10:19.848 --> 00:10:21.479 align:start position:0%
slower than
usual.  <00:10:20.566><c>But </c><00:10:21.284><c>it</c>

00:10:21.479 --> 00:10:22.741 align:start position:0%
usual.  But it
 

00:10:22.741 --> 00:10:22.773 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:10:22.773 --> 00:10:23.776 align:start position:0%
 
will <00:10:23.453><c>take</c>

00:10:23.776 --> 00:10:23.808 align:start position:0%
will take
 

00:10:23.808 --> 00:10:26.736 align:start position:0%
will take
several <00:10:24.216><c>months </c><00:10:24.624><c>to </c><00:10:25.032><c>return </c><00:10:25.440><c>to </c><00:10:25.848><c>full </c><00:10:26.256><c>capacity.  </c><00:10:26.664><c>And</c>

00:10:26.736 --> 00:10:27.955 align:start position:0%
several months to return to full capacity.  And
Yandex <00:10:26.922><c>will </c><00:10:27.108><c>have </c><00:10:27.294><c>to</c>

00:10:27.955 --> 00:10:27.988 align:start position:0%
Yandex will have to
 

00:10:27.988 --> 00:10:28.811 align:start position:0%
Yandex will have to
look <00:10:28.130><c>for </c><00:10:28.272><c>a </c><00:10:28.414><c>replacement</c>

00:10:28.811 --> 00:10:28.844 align:start position:0%
look for a replacement
 

00:10:28.844 --> 00:10:29.899 align:start position:0%
look for a replacement
server <00:10:28.975><c>at </c><00:10:29.106><c>the </c><00:10:29.237><c>height </c><00:10:29.368><c>of </c><00:10:29.499><c>the</c>

00:10:29.899 --> 00:10:29.931 align:start position:0%
server at the height of the
 

00:10:29.931 --> 00:10:31.216 align:start position:0%
server at the height of the
AI ​​<00:10:30.135><c>boom </c><00:10:30.339><c>in </c><00:10:30.543><c>a </c><00:10:30.747><c>country </c><00:10:30.951><c>where</c>

00:10:31.216 --> 00:10:31.249 align:start position:0%
AI ​​boom in a country where
 

00:10:31.249 --> 00:10:32.204 align:start position:0%
AI ​​boom in a country where
Western <00:10:31.496><c>sanctions </c><00:10:31.743><c>are</c>

00:10:32.204 --> 00:10:32.237 align:start position:0%
Western sanctions are
 

00:10:32.237 --> 00:10:33.127 align:start position:0%
Western sanctions are
set <00:10:32.358><c>to </c><00:10:32.479><c>restrict </c><00:10:32.600><c>the</c>

00:10:33.127 --> 00:10:33.160 align:start position:0%
set to restrict the
 

00:10:33.160 --> 00:10:34.444 align:start position:0%
set to restrict the
supply <00:10:33.505><c>of </c><00:10:33.850><c>most</c>

00:10:34.444 --> 00:10:34.477 align:start position:0%
supply of most
 

00:10:34.477 --> 00:10:35.301 align:start position:0%
supply of most
computer

00:10:35.301 --> 00:10:35.334 align:start position:0%
computer
 

00:10:35.334 --> 00:10:39.475 align:start position:0%
computer
equipment.  <00:10:39.284><c>So</c>

00:10:39.475 --> 00:10:39.507 align:start position:0%
equipment.  So
 

00:10:39.507 --> 00:10:40.498 align:start position:0%
equipment.  So
a <00:10:39.826><c>replacement </c><00:10:40.145><c>will </c><00:10:40.464><c>probably</c>

00:10:40.498 --> 00:10:40.530 align:start position:0%
a replacement will probably
 

00:10:40.530 --> 00:10:41.617 align:start position:0%
a replacement will probably
have <00:10:40.785><c>to </c><00:10:41.040><c>be </c><00:10:41.295><c>shipped </c><00:10:41.550><c>from</c>

00:10:41.617 --> 00:10:41.649 align:start position:0%
have to be shipped from
 

00:10:41.649 --> 00:10:42.544 align:start position:0%
have to be shipped from
China <00:10:41.936><c>or </c><00:10:42.223><c>through</c>

00:10:42.544 --> 00:10:42.576 align:start position:0%
China or through
 

00:10:42.576 --> 00:10:43.439 align:start position:0%
China or through
intermediaries <00:10:43.375><c>in</c>

00:10:43.439 --> 00:10:43.471 align:start position:0%
intermediaries in
 

00:10:43.471 --> 00:10:44.718 align:start position:0%
intermediaries in
Central <00:10:43.998><c>Asia </c><00:10:44.525><c>who</c>

00:10:44.718 --> 00:10:44.750 align:start position:0%
Central Asia who
 

00:10:44.750 --> 00:10:45.836 align:start position:0%
Central Asia who
don't <00:10:45.101><c>ask </c><00:10:45.452><c>any</c>

00:10:45.836 --> 00:10:45.868 align:start position:0%
don't ask any
 

00:10:45.868 --> 00:10:47.115 align:start position:0%
don't ask any
questions, <00:10:46.113><c>which </c><00:10:46.358><c>is </c><00:10:46.603><c>usually</c>

00:10:47.115 --> 00:10:47.147 align:start position:0%
questions, which is usually
 

00:10:47.147 --> 00:10:48.394 align:start position:0%
questions, which is usually
slower <00:10:47.552><c>and </c><00:10:47.957><c>more </c><00:10:48.362><c>expensive.</c>

00:10:48.394 --> 00:10:50.498 align:start position:0%
slower and more expensive.
 

00:10:50.498 --> 00:10:51.661 align:start position:0%
 
As <00:10:51.628><c>for</c>

00:10:51.661 --> 00:10:51.694 align:start position:0%
As for
 

00:10:51.694 --> 00:10:52.858 align:start position:0%
As for
who <00:10:52.037><c>should </c><00:10:52.380><c>protect </c><00:10:52.723><c>this</c>

00:10:52.858 --> 00:10:52.891 align:start position:0%
who should protect this
 

00:10:52.891 --> 00:10:53.423 align:start position:0%
who should protect this
critical

00:10:53.423 --> 00:10:53.457 align:start position:0%
critical
 

00:10:53.457 --> 00:10:54.753 align:start position:0%
critical
infrastructure, <00:10:54.620><c>it</c>

00:10:54.753 --> 00:10:54.787 align:start position:0%
infrastructure, it
 

00:10:54.787 --> 00:10:55.984 align:start position:0%
infrastructure, it
depends <00:10:55.917><c>on</c>

00:10:55.984 --> 00:10:56.017 align:start position:0%
depends on
 

00:10:56.017 --> 00:10:56.981 align:start position:0%
depends on
which <00:10:56.200><c>official </c><00:10:56.383><c>you</c>

00:10:56.981 --> 00:10:57.014 align:start position:0%
which official you
 

00:10:57.014 --> 00:10:58.893 align:start position:0%
which official you
ask.  <00:10:57.695><c>The </c><00:10:58.376><c>State</c>

00:10:58.893 --> 00:10:58.925 align:start position:0%
ask.  The State
 

00:10:58.925 --> 00:10:59.861 align:start position:0%
ask.  The State
Duma <00:10:59.328><c>stated </c><00:10:59.731><c>that</c>

00:10:59.861 --> 00:10:59.893 align:start position:0%
Duma stated that
 

00:10:59.893 --> 00:11:01.087 align:start position:0%
Duma stated that
the <00:11:00.425><c>responsibility </c><00:11:00.957><c>for</c>

00:11:01.087 --> 00:11:01.119 align:start position:0%
the responsibility for
 

00:11:01.119 --> 00:11:02.281 align:start position:0%
the responsibility for
protecting <00:11:01.474><c>data </c><00:11:01.829><c>centers</c>

00:11:02.281 --> 00:11:02.313 align:start position:0%
protecting data centers
 

00:11:02.313 --> 00:11:03.216 align:start position:0%
protecting data centers
lies <00:11:02.603><c>with </c><00:11:02.893><c>the</c>

00:11:03.216 --> 00:11:03.248 align:start position:0%
lies with the
 

00:11:03.248 --> 00:11:06.236 align:start position:0%
lies with the
companies <00:11:03.977><c>themselves.  </c><00:11:04.706><c>And </c><00:11:05.435><c>according </c><00:11:06.164><c>to</c>

00:11:06.236 --> 00:11:06.270 align:start position:0%
companies themselves.  And according to
 

00:11:06.270 --> 00:11:07.409 align:start position:0%
companies themselves.  And according to
the <00:11:06.442><c>FT, </c><00:11:06.614><c>Putin </c><00:11:06.786><c>recently</c>

00:11:07.409 --> 00:11:07.444 align:start position:0%
the FT, Putin recently
 

00:11:07.444 --> 00:11:08.549 align:start position:0%
the FT, Putin recently
told <00:11:07.766><c>businesses </c><00:11:08.088><c>not </c><00:11:08.410><c>to</c>

00:11:08.549 --> 00:11:08.583 align:start position:0%
told businesses not to
 

00:11:08.583 --> 00:11:09.653 align:start position:0%
told businesses not to
seek <00:11:09.032><c>state</c>

00:11:09.653 --> 00:11:09.688 align:start position:0%
seek state
 

00:11:09.688 --> 00:11:13.135 align:start position:0%
seek state
support.  <00:11:10.207><c>Meanwhile, </c><00:11:10.726><c>the </c><00:11:11.245><c>Ministry </c><00:11:11.764><c>of </c><00:11:12.283><c>Digital </c><00:11:12.802><c>Affairs</c>

00:11:13.135 --> 00:11:13.169 align:start position:0%
support.  Meanwhile, the Ministry of Digital Affairs
 

00:11:13.169 --> 00:11:14.336 align:start position:0%
support.  Meanwhile, the Ministry of Digital Affairs
stated

00:11:14.336 --> 00:11:14.369 align:start position:0%
stated
 

00:11:14.369 --> 00:11:15.169 align:start position:0%
stated
that <00:11:14.515><c>they </c><00:11:14.661><c>are </c><00:11:14.807><c>working </c><00:11:14.953><c>with </c><00:11:15.099><c>the</c>

00:11:15.169 --> 00:11:15.202 align:start position:0%
that they are working with the
 

00:11:15.202 --> 00:11:16.469 align:start position:0%
that they are working with the
Ministry <00:11:15.435><c>of </c><00:11:15.668><c>Defense </c><00:11:15.901><c>on </c><00:11:16.134><c>their</c>

00:11:16.469 --> 00:11:16.503 align:start position:0%
Ministry of Defense on their
 

00:11:16.503 --> 00:11:19.894 align:start position:0%
Ministry of Defense on their
protection.  <00:11:19.859><c>So,</c>

00:11:19.894 --> 00:11:19.928 align:start position:0%
protection.  So,
 

00:11:19.928 --> 00:11:20.905 align:start position:0%
protection.  So,
Russian <00:11:20.870><c>data</c>

00:11:20.905 --> 00:11:22.161 align:start position:0%
Russian data
centers <00:11:21.603><c>are</c>

00:11:22.161 --> 00:11:22.196 align:start position:0%
centers are
 

00:11:22.196 --> 00:11:23.138 align:start position:0%
centers are
either <00:11:22.318><c>a </c><00:11:22.440><c>private</c>

00:11:23.138 --> 00:11:23.173 align:start position:0%
either a private
 

00:11:23.173 --> 00:11:24.534 align:start position:0%
either a private
sector <00:11:23.478><c>or </c><00:11:23.783><c>military </c><00:11:24.088><c>problem, </c><00:11:24.393><c>which</c>

00:11:24.534 --> 00:11:25.894 align:start position:0%
sector or military problem, which
, <00:11:24.750><c>if </c><00:11:24.966><c>you </c><00:11:25.182><c>run </c><00:11:25.398><c>a </c><00:11:25.614><c>data</c>

00:11:25.894 --> 00:11:27.081 align:start position:0%
, if you run a data
center, <00:11:26.417><c>is </c><00:11:26.940><c>hardly</c>

00:11:27.081 --> 00:11:27.116 align:start position:0%
center, is hardly
 

00:11:27.116 --> 00:11:29.981 align:start position:0%
center, is hardly
reassuring.  <00:11:29.946><c>Someone,</c>

00:11:29.981 --> 00:11:30.016 align:start position:0%
reassuring.  Someone,
 

00:11:30.016 --> 00:11:31.029 align:start position:0%
reassuring.  Someone,
of <00:11:30.110><c>course, </c><00:11:30.204><c>will </c><00:11:30.298><c>make </c><00:11:30.392><c>good </c><00:11:30.486><c>money </c><00:11:30.580><c>from </c><00:11:30.674><c>this</c>

00:11:31.029 --> 00:11:31.064 align:start position:0%
of course, will make good money from this
 

00:11:31.064 --> 00:11:32.943 align:start position:0%
of course, will make good money from this
.

00:11:32.943 --> 00:11:34.267 align:start position:0%
.
Meduza <00:11:34.230><c>reports</c>

00:11:34.267 --> 00:11:34.304 align:start position:0%
Meduza reports
 

00:11:34.304 --> 00:11:35.517 align:start position:0%
Meduza reports
that <00:11:34.598><c>one </c><00:11:34.892><c>of </c><00:11:35.186><c>the </c><00:11:35.480><c>firms</c>

00:11:35.517 --> 00:11:35.554 align:start position:0%
that one of the firms
 

00:11:35.554 --> 00:11:36.878 align:start position:0%
that one of the firms
that <00:11:35.921><c>sells </c><00:11:36.288><c>mobile</c>

00:11:36.878 --> 00:11:36.915 align:start position:0%
that sells mobile
 

00:11:36.915 --> 00:11:38.312 align:start position:0%
that sells mobile
data <00:11:37.184><c>centers </c><00:11:37.453><c>to </c><00:11:37.722><c>nervous</c>

00:11:38.312 --> 00:11:38.349 align:start position:0%
data centers to nervous
 

00:11:38.349 --> 00:11:39.783 align:start position:0%
data centers to nervous
Russian <00:11:39.121><c>companies</c>

00:11:39.783 --> 00:11:40.665 align:start position:0%
Russian companies
 

00:11:40.665 --> 00:11:40.702 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:11:40.702 --> 00:11:41.732 align:start position:0%
 
has <00:11:40.904><c>the </c><00:11:41.106><c>son </c><00:11:41.308><c>of </c><00:11:41.510><c>the</c>

00:11:41.732 --> 00:11:41.769 align:start position:0%
has the son of the
 

00:11:41.769 --> 00:11:43.056 align:start position:0%
has the son of the
first <00:11:42.320><c>deputy</c>

00:11:43.056 --> 00:11:43.092 align:start position:0%
first deputy
 

00:11:43.092 --> 00:11:44.049 align:start position:0%
first deputy
director <00:11:43.223><c>of </c><00:11:43.354><c>the </c><00:11:43.485><c>FSB </c><00:11:43.616><c>as </c><00:11:43.747><c>its </c><00:11:43.878><c>deputy </c><00:11:44.009><c>director.</c>

00:11:44.049 --> 00:11:45.242 align:start position:0%
director of the FSB as its deputy director.
 

00:11:45.242 --> 00:11:46.354 align:start position:0%
 
The <00:11:45.607><c>standard </c><00:11:45.972><c>way</c>

00:11:46.354 --> 00:11:46.386 align:start position:0%
The standard way
 

00:11:46.386 --> 00:11:47.594 align:start position:0%
The standard way
for <00:11:46.619><c>a </c><00:11:46.852><c>cloud </c><00:11:47.085><c>company</c>

00:11:47.594 --> 00:11:47.626 align:start position:0%
for a cloud company
 

00:11:47.626 --> 00:11:48.547 align:start position:0%
for a cloud company
to <00:11:47.928><c>protect </c><00:11:48.230><c>its</c>

00:11:48.547 --> 00:11:48.579 align:start position:0%
to protect its
 

00:11:48.579 --> 00:11:49.819 align:start position:0%
to protect its
customers <00:11:49.755><c>from</c>

00:11:49.819 --> 00:11:49.851 align:start position:0%
customers from
 

00:11:49.851 --> 00:11:51.027 align:start position:0%
customers from
data <00:11:50.113><c>center </c><00:11:50.375><c>failure </c><00:11:50.637><c>is </c><00:11:50.899><c>through</c>

00:11:51.027 --> 00:11:51.059 align:start position:0%
data center failure is through
 

00:11:51.059 --> 00:11:51.853 align:start position:0%
data center failure is through
redundancy,

00:11:51.853 --> 00:11:51.885 align:start position:0%
redundancy,
 

00:11:51.885 --> 00:11:53.030 align:start position:0%
redundancy,
distributing <00:11:52.362><c>work </c><00:11:52.839><c>across</c>

00:11:53.030 --> 00:11:53.061 align:start position:0%
distributing work across
 

00:11:53.061 --> 00:11:53.570 align:start position:0%
distributing work across
multiple

00:11:53.570 --> 00:11:53.602 align:start position:0%
multiple
 

00:11:53.602 --> 00:11:55.660 align:start position:0%
multiple
sites.  <00:11:54.552><c>As </c><00:11:55.502><c>the</c>

00:11:55.660 --> 00:11:55.700 align:start position:0%
sites.  As the
 

00:11:55.700 --> 00:11:57.130 align:start position:0%
sites.  As the
Xeno <00:11:56.018><c>Spectrum </c><00:11:56.336><c>tech </c><00:11:56.654><c>site </c><00:11:56.972><c>notes</c>

00:11:57.130 --> 00:11:57.170 align:start position:0%
Xeno Spectrum tech site notes
 

00:11:57.170 --> 00:11:58.044 align:start position:0%
Xeno Spectrum tech site notes
, <00:11:57.368><c>Yandex's </c><00:11:57.566><c>own</c>

00:11:58.044 --> 00:11:58.084 align:start position:0%
, Yandex's own
 

00:11:58.084 --> 00:11:59.157 align:start position:0%
, Yandex's own
documentation

00:11:59.157 --> 00:12:00.627 align:start position:0%
documentation
explains <00:11:59.812><c>how </c><00:12:00.467><c>to</c>

00:12:00.627 --> 00:12:00.666 align:start position:0%
explains how to
 

00:12:00.666 --> 00:12:02.137 align:start position:0%
explains how to
do <00:12:01.381><c>this </c><00:12:02.096><c>correctly.</c>

00:12:02.137 --> 00:12:02.816 align:start position:0%
do this correctly.
 

00:12:02.816 --> 00:12:03.947 align:start position:0%
do this correctly.
If <00:12:03.161><c>your </c><00:12:03.506><c>application</c>

00:12:03.947 --> 00:12:03.979 align:start position:0%
If your application
 

00:12:03.979 --> 00:12:04.922 align:start position:0%
If your application
requires <00:12:04.513><c>nine</c>

00:12:04.922 --> 00:12:04.953 align:start position:0%
requires nine
 

00:12:04.953 --> 00:12:06.179 align:start position:0%
requires nine
virtual <00:12:05.503><c>machines, </c><00:12:06.053><c>you</c>

00:12:06.179 --> 00:12:06.211 align:start position:0%
virtual machines, you
 

00:12:06.211 --> 00:12:06.745 align:start position:0%
virtual machines, you
don't <00:12:06.368><c>just</c>

00:12:06.745 --> 00:12:06.777 align:start position:0%
don't just
 

00:12:06.777 --> 00:12:07.971 align:start position:0%
don't just
distribute <00:12:07.562><c>nine</c>

00:12:07.971 --> 00:12:08.003 align:start position:0%
distribute nine
 

00:12:08.003 --> 00:12:08.883 align:start position:0%
distribute nine
machines <00:12:08.285><c>between </c><00:12:08.567><c>two</c>

00:12:08.883 --> 00:12:08.914 align:start position:0%
machines between two
 

00:12:08.914 --> 00:12:09.746 align:start position:0%
machines between two
locations.  <00:12:09.612><c>You</c>

00:12:09.746 --> 00:12:09.780 align:start position:0%
locations.  You
 

00:12:09.780 --> 00:12:11.025 align:start position:0%
locations.  You
place <00:12:10.369><c>nine </c><00:12:10.958><c>in</c>

00:12:11.025 --> 00:12:11.059 align:start position:0%
place nine in
 

00:12:11.059 --> 00:12:12.001 align:start position:0%
place nine in
one <00:12:11.496><c>location </c><00:12:11.933><c>and</c>

00:12:12.001 --> 00:12:12.035 align:start position:0%
one location and
 

00:12:12.035 --> 00:12:13.499 align:start position:0%
one location and
nine <00:12:12.507><c>in </c><00:12:12.979><c>another.  </c><00:12:13.451><c>So</c>

00:12:13.499 --> 00:12:13.546 align:start position:0%
nine in another.  So
 

00:12:13.546 --> 00:12:14.811 align:start position:0%
nine in another.  So
you <00:12:13.838><c>pay </c><00:12:14.130><c>for </c><00:12:14.422><c>18 </c><00:12:14.714><c>in</c>

00:12:14.811 --> 00:12:14.858 align:start position:0%
you pay for 18 in
 

00:12:14.858 --> 00:12:16.424 align:start position:0%
you pay for 18 in
total.  <00:12:16.157><c>Such</c>

00:12:16.424 --> 00:12:16.457 align:start position:0%
total.  Such
 

00:12:16.457 --> 00:12:17.693 align:start position:0%
total.  Such
a <00:12:16.874><c>reservation </c><00:12:17.291><c>works</c>

00:12:17.693 --> 00:12:17.726 align:start position:0%
a reservation works
 

00:12:17.726 --> 00:12:18.962 align:start position:0%
a reservation works
as <00:12:18.126><c>an </c><00:12:18.526><c>insurance </c><00:12:18.926><c>premium.</c>

00:12:18.962 --> 00:12:19.474 align:start position:0%
as an insurance premium.
 

00:12:19.474 --> 00:12:20.519 align:start position:0%
as an insurance premium.
The <00:12:19.778><c>customer </c><00:12:20.082><c>pays </c><00:12:20.386><c>for</c>

00:12:20.519 --> 00:12:20.551 align:start position:0%
The customer pays for
 

00:12:20.551 --> 00:12:21.662 align:start position:0%
The customer pays for
capacity <00:12:21.531><c>that</c>

00:12:21.662 --> 00:12:21.694 align:start position:0%
capacity that
 

00:12:21.694 --> 00:12:22.739 align:start position:0%
capacity that
he <00:12:22.031><c>hopes </c><00:12:22.368><c>he </c><00:12:22.705><c>will</c>

00:12:22.739 --> 00:12:22.772 align:start position:0%
he hopes he will
 

00:12:22.772 --> 00:12:24.046 align:start position:0%
he hopes he will
never <00:12:24.013><c>use.</c>

00:12:24.046 --> 00:12:24.553 align:start position:0%
never use.
 

00:12:24.553 --> 00:12:25.396 align:start position:0%
never use.
And <00:12:24.873><c>customers </c><00:12:25.193><c>who</c>

00:12:25.396 --> 00:12:25.430 align:start position:0%
And customers who
 

00:12:25.430 --> 00:12:26.308 align:start position:0%
And customers who
followed

00:12:26.308 --> 00:12:26.341 align:start position:0%
followed
 

00:12:26.341 --> 00:12:27.118 align:start position:0%
followed
the <00:12:26.695><c>instructions </c><00:12:27.049><c>and</c>

00:12:27.118 --> 00:12:27.151 align:start position:0%
the instructions and
 

00:12:27.151 --> 00:12:28.063 align:start position:0%
the instructions and
split <00:12:27.793><c>their</c>

00:12:28.063 --> 00:12:28.096 align:start position:0%
split their
 

00:12:28.096 --> 00:12:29.109 align:start position:0%
split their
service <00:12:28.433><c>between </c><00:12:28.770><c>two</c>

00:12:29.109 --> 00:12:29.143 align:start position:0%
service between two
 

00:12:29.143 --> 00:12:30.155 align:start position:0%
service between two
locations <00:12:29.818><c>could</c>

00:12:30.155 --> 00:12:30.189 align:start position:0%
locations could
 

00:12:30.189 --> 00:12:31.370 align:start position:0%
locations could
find <00:12:30.543><c>that </c><00:12:30.897><c>Ukraine</c>

00:12:31.370 --> 00:12:31.404 align:start position:0%
find that Ukraine
 

00:12:31.404 --> 00:12:32.585 align:start position:0%
find that Ukraine
hit <00:12:31.752><c>both </c><00:12:32.100><c>of </c><00:12:32.448><c>those</c>

00:12:32.585 --> 00:12:32.619 align:start position:0%
hit both of those
 

00:12:32.619 --> 00:12:35.107 align:start position:0%
hit both of those
locations.  <00:12:33.405><c>The </c><00:12:34.191><c>problem </c><00:12:34.977><c>with</c>

00:12:35.107 --> 00:12:35.139 align:start position:0%
locations.  The problem with
 

00:12:35.139 --> 00:12:36.391 align:start position:0%
locations.  The problem with
insurance <00:12:35.406><c>is </c><00:12:35.673><c>that </c><00:12:35.940><c>you</c>

00:12:36.391 --> 00:12:37.514 align:start position:0%
insurance is that you
 

00:12:37.514 --> 00:12:37.546 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:12:37.546 --> 00:12:38.766 align:start position:0%
 
have <00:12:37.743><c>to </c><00:12:37.940><c>buy </c><00:12:38.137><c>it </c><00:12:38.334><c>before </c><00:12:38.531><c>the </c><00:12:38.728><c>fire.</c>

00:12:38.766 --> 00:12:39.683 align:start position:0%
have to buy it before the fire.
 

00:12:39.683 --> 00:12:40.886 align:start position:0%
have to buy it before the fire.
After <00:12:39.978><c>the </c><00:12:40.273><c>third </c><00:12:40.568><c>strike,</c>

00:12:40.886 --> 00:12:40.917 align:start position:0%
After the third strike,
 

00:12:40.917 --> 00:12:41.899 align:start position:0%
After the third strike,
Yandex

00:12:41.899 --> 00:12:41.931 align:start position:0%
Yandex
 

00:12:41.931 --> 00:12:42.849 align:start position:0%
Yandex
stopped <00:12:42.469><c>selling</c>

00:12:42.849 --> 00:12:42.881 align:start position:0%
stopped selling
 

00:12:42.881 --> 00:12:44.116 align:start position:0%
stopped selling
new <00:12:43.229><c>computing</c>

00:12:44.116 --> 00:12:44.147 align:start position:0%
new computing
 

00:12:44.147 --> 00:12:45.424 align:start position:0%
new computing
power <00:12:44.768><c>altogether.  </c><00:12:45.389><c>So,</c>

00:12:45.424 --> 00:12:45.457 align:start position:0%
power altogether.  So,
 

00:12:45.457 --> 00:12:46.358 align:start position:0%
power altogether.  So,
customers <00:12:45.841><c>who </c><00:12:46.225><c>hadn't</c>

00:12:46.358 --> 00:12:46.392 align:start position:0%
customers who hadn't
 

00:12:46.392 --> 00:12:46.992 align:start position:0%
customers who hadn't
paid

00:12:46.992 --> 00:12:47.026 align:start position:0%
paid
 

00:12:47.026 --> 00:12:48.327 align:start position:0%
paid
in <00:12:48.194><c>advance</c>

00:12:48.327 --> 00:12:48.361 align:start position:0%
in advance
 

00:12:48.361 --> 00:12:49.596 align:start position:0%
in advance
couldn't <00:12:48.761><c>buy </c><00:12:49.161><c>anything </c><00:12:49.561><c>now.</c>

00:12:49.596 --> 00:12:50.325 align:start position:0%
couldn't buy anything now.
 

00:12:50.325 --> 00:12:51.544 align:start position:0%
couldn't buy anything now.
And <00:12:50.494><c>since </c><00:12:50.663><c>half </c><00:12:50.832><c>of </c><00:12:51.001><c>the</c>

00:12:51.544 --> 00:12:51.578 align:start position:0%
And since half of the
 

00:12:51.578 --> 00:12:52.865 align:start position:0%
And since half of the
large <00:12:51.849><c>data </c><00:12:52.120><c>centers </c><00:12:52.391><c>have</c>

00:12:52.865 --> 00:12:52.899 align:start position:0%
large data centers have
 

00:12:52.899 --> 00:12:54.017 align:start position:0%
large data centers have
gone <00:12:53.441><c>down, </c><00:12:53.983><c>those</c>

00:12:54.017 --> 00:12:54.051 align:start position:0%
gone down, those
 

00:12:54.051 --> 00:12:55.304 align:start position:0%
gone down, those
still <00:12:54.457><c>working </c><00:12:54.863><c>for </c><00:12:55.269><c>the</c>

00:12:55.304 --> 00:12:55.338 align:start position:0%
still working for the
 

00:12:55.338 --> 00:12:56.659 align:start position:0%
still working for the
remaining <00:12:55.566><c>ones </c><00:12:55.794><c>have </c><00:12:56.022><c>nowhere </c><00:12:56.250><c>to</c>

00:12:56.659 --> 00:12:56.693 align:start position:0%
remaining ones have nowhere to
 

00:12:56.693 --> 00:12:57.946 align:start position:0%
remaining ones have nowhere to
run <00:12:56.834><c>in </c><00:12:56.975><c>the </c><00:12:57.116><c>event </c><00:12:57.257><c>of </c><00:12:57.398><c>a </c><00:12:57.539><c>new</c>

00:12:57.946 --> 00:12:57.980 align:start position:0%
run in the event of a new
 

00:12:57.980 --> 00:13:00.833 align:start position:0%
run in the event of a new
strike.  <00:12:58.615><c>This </c><00:12:59.250><c>is </c><00:12:59.885><c>how </c><00:13:00.520><c>a</c>

00:13:00.833 --> 00:13:00.865 align:start position:0%
strike.  This is how a
 

00:13:00.865 --> 00:13:01.932 align:start position:0%
strike.  This is how a
drone <00:13:01.053><c>attack </c><00:13:01.241><c>on </c><00:13:01.429><c>server</c>

00:13:01.932 --> 00:13:01.963 align:start position:0%
drone attack on server
 

00:13:01.963 --> 00:13:03.093 align:start position:0%
drone attack on server
facilities <00:13:02.339><c>in </c><00:13:02.715><c>Ryazan</c>

00:13:03.093 --> 00:13:03.124 align:start position:0%
facilities in Ryazan
 

00:13:03.124 --> 00:13:04.222 align:start position:0%
facilities in Ryazan
results <00:13:04.191><c>in</c>

00:13:04.222 --> 00:13:04.254 align:start position:0%
results in
 

00:13:04.254 --> 00:13:05.383 align:start position:0%
results in
someone <00:13:04.588><c>in </c><00:13:04.922><c>Moscow </c><00:13:05.256><c>being</c>

00:13:05.383 --> 00:13:05.415 align:start position:0%
someone in Moscow being
 

00:13:05.415 --> 00:13:06.356 align:start position:0%
someone in Moscow being
unable <00:13:05.707><c>to </c><00:13:05.999><c>get </c><00:13:06.291><c>into</c>

00:13:06.356 --> 00:13:06.387 align:start position:0%
unable to get into
 

00:13:06.387 --> 00:13:07.141 align:start position:0%
unable to get into
their <00:13:06.748><c>own </c><00:13:07.109><c>backyard.</c>

00:13:07.141 --> 00:13:09.319 align:start position:0%
their own backyard.
 

00:13:09.319 --> 00:13:10.460 align:start position:0%
 
Politicians <00:13:09.658><c>in </c><00:13:09.997><c>Europe </c><00:13:10.336><c>and</c>

00:13:10.460 --> 00:13:10.491 align:start position:0%
Politicians in Europe and
 

00:13:10.491 --> 00:13:11.540 align:start position:0%
Politicians in Europe and
Canada <00:13:10.738><c>are </c><00:13:10.985><c>also </c><00:13:11.232><c>currently</c>

00:13:11.540 --> 00:13:11.571 align:start position:0%
Canada are also currently
 

00:13:11.571 --> 00:13:12.404 align:start position:0%
Canada are also currently
debating <00:13:12.219><c>the</c>

00:13:12.404 --> 00:13:12.435 align:start position:0%
debating the
 

00:13:12.435 --> 00:13:13.638 align:start position:0%
debating the
importance <00:13:12.759><c>of </c><00:13:13.083><c>digital</c>

00:13:13.638 --> 00:13:13.669 align:start position:0%
importance of digital
 

00:13:13.669 --> 00:13:16.394 align:start position:0%
importance of digital
sovereignty.  <00:13:14.556><c>The </c><00:13:15.443><c>idea </c><00:13:16.330><c>is</c>

00:13:16.394 --> 00:13:16.425 align:start position:0%
sovereignty.  The idea is
 

00:13:16.425 --> 00:13:17.331 align:start position:0%
sovereignty.  The idea is
that <00:13:16.893><c>countries</c>

00:13:17.331 --> 00:13:17.362 align:start position:0%
that countries
 

00:13:17.362 --> 00:13:18.267 align:start position:0%
that countries
should <00:13:17.705><c>stop</c>

00:13:18.267 --> 00:13:18.298 align:start position:0%
should stop
 

00:13:18.298 --> 00:13:19.141 align:start position:0%
should stop
relying <00:13:19.017><c>on</c>

00:13:19.141 --> 00:13:19.173 align:start position:0%
relying on
 

00:13:19.173 --> 00:13:19.984 align:start position:0%
relying on
American

00:13:19.984 --> 00:13:20.016 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:13:20.016 --> 00:13:20.796 align:start position:0%
American
tech <00:13:20.375><c>giants </c><00:13:20.734><c>and</c>

00:13:20.796 --> 00:13:20.827 align:start position:0%
tech giants and
 

00:13:20.827 --> 00:13:21.920 align:start position:0%
tech giants and
instead <00:13:21.421><c>build</c>

00:13:21.920 --> 00:13:21.951 align:start position:0%
instead build
 

00:13:21.951 --> 00:13:22.732 align:start position:0%
instead build
their <00:13:22.154><c>own </c><00:13:22.357><c>cloud</c>

00:13:22.732 --> 00:13:22.763 align:start position:0%
their own cloud
 

00:13:22.763 --> 00:13:23.669 align:start position:0%
their own cloud
infrastructure.

00:13:23.669 --> 00:13:24.616 align:start position:0%
infrastructure.
 

00:13:24.616 --> 00:13:25.324 align:start position:0%
infrastructure.
This <00:13:24.902><c>is </c><00:13:25.188><c>usually</c>

00:13:25.324 --> 00:13:25.358 align:start position:0%
This is usually
 

00:13:25.358 --> 00:13:26.639 align:start position:0%
This is usually
presented <00:13:25.560><c>as </c><00:13:25.762><c>a </c><00:13:25.964><c>matter </c><00:13:26.166><c>of</c>

00:13:26.639 --> 00:13:26.673 align:start position:0%
presented as a matter of
 

00:13:26.673 --> 00:13:27.989 align:start position:0%
presented as a matter of
national <00:13:27.517><c>security</c>

00:13:27.989 --> 00:13:29.386 align:start position:0%
national security
.  <00:13:28.307><c>But </c><00:13:28.625><c>from </c><00:13:28.943><c>the</c>

00:13:29.386 --> 00:13:29.418 align:start position:0%
.  But from the
 

00:13:29.418 --> 00:13:30.113 align:start position:0%
.  But from the


00:13:30.113 --> 00:13:30.145 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:13:30.145 --> 00:13:30.904 align:start position:0%
 
CFO's <00:13:30.303><c>perspective, </c><00:13:30.461><c>this </c><00:13:30.619><c>is </c><00:13:30.777><c>a</c>

00:13:30.904 --> 00:13:30.935 align:start position:0%
CFO's perspective, this is a
 

00:13:30.935 --> 00:13:31.979 align:start position:0%
CFO's perspective, this is a
classic

00:13:31.979 --> 00:13:32.010 align:start position:0%
classic
 

00:13:32.010 --> 00:13:33.212 align:start position:0%
classic
risk <00:13:32.595><c>management </c><00:13:33.180><c>problem.</c>

00:13:33.212 --> 00:13:33.771 align:start position:0%
risk management problem.
 

00:13:33.771 --> 00:13:34.776 align:start position:0%
risk management problem.
You <00:13:33.943><c>weigh </c><00:13:34.115><c>the </c><00:13:34.287><c>risk </c><00:13:34.459><c>of</c>

00:13:34.776 --> 00:13:34.808 align:start position:0%
You weigh the risk of
 

00:13:34.808 --> 00:13:35.656 align:start position:0%
You weigh the risk of
depending <00:13:35.468><c>on</c>

00:13:35.656 --> 00:13:35.688 align:start position:0%
depending on
 

00:13:35.688 --> 00:13:36.725 align:start position:0%
depending on
one <00:13:36.096><c>foreign</c>

00:13:36.725 --> 00:13:36.756 align:start position:0%
one foreign
 

00:13:36.756 --> 00:13:37.919 align:start position:0%
one foreign
provider <00:13:37.180><c>against </c><00:13:37.604><c>the</c>

00:13:37.919 --> 00:13:37.950 align:start position:0%
provider against the
 

00:13:37.950 --> 00:13:38.925 align:start position:0%
provider against the
physical <00:13:38.249><c>risk </c><00:13:38.548><c>of</c>

00:13:38.925 --> 00:13:38.956 align:start position:0%
physical risk of
 

00:13:38.956 --> 00:13:39.899 align:start position:0%
physical risk of
keeping <00:13:39.302><c>all </c><00:13:39.648><c>your</c>

00:13:39.899 --> 00:13:39.930 align:start position:0%
keeping all your
 

00:13:39.930 --> 00:13:40.748 align:start position:0%
keeping all your
servers <00:13:40.192><c>in-house.    </c><00:13:40.454><c>To </c><00:13:40.716><c>be</c>

00:13:40.748 --> 00:13:41.239 align:start position:0%
servers in-house.    To be
 

00:13:41.239 --> 00:13:42.118 align:start position:0%
servers in-house.    To be
fair

00:13:42.118 --> 00:13:42.149 align:start position:0%
fair
 

00:13:42.149 --> 00:13:43.342 align:start position:0%
fair
, <00:13:42.589><c>American</c>

00:13:43.342 --> 00:13:43.373 align:start position:0%
, American
 

00:13:43.373 --> 00:13:44.409 align:start position:0%
, American
cloud <00:13:43.782><c>providers</c>

00:13:44.409 --> 00:13:44.441 align:start position:0%
cloud providers
 

00:13:44.441 --> 00:13:44.880 align:start position:0%
cloud providers
aren't

00:13:44.880 --> 00:13:44.912 align:start position:0%
aren't
 

00:13:44.912 --> 00:13:46.746 align:start position:0%
aren't
fireproof <00:13:45.690><c>either.  </c><00:13:46.468><c>When</c>

00:13:46.746 --> 00:13:46.780 align:start position:0%
fireproof either.  When
 

00:13:46.780 --> 00:13:47.750 align:start position:0%
fireproof either.  When
Iran

00:13:47.750 --> 00:13:47.785 align:start position:0%
Iran
 

00:13:47.785 --> 00:13:49.101 align:start position:0%
Iran
attacked

00:13:49.101 --> 00:13:50.002 align:start position:0%
attacked
Amazon <00:13:49.355><c>data </c><00:13:49.609><c>centers </c><00:13:49.863><c>in</c>

00:13:50.002 --> 00:13:50.037 align:start position:0%
Amazon data centers in
 

00:13:50.037 --> 00:13:51.388 align:start position:0%
Amazon data centers in
the <00:13:50.305><c>Middle </c><00:13:50.573><c>East </c><00:13:50.841><c>this </c><00:13:51.109><c>spring,</c>

00:13:51.388 --> 00:13:51.422 align:start position:0%
the Middle East this spring,
 

00:13:51.422 --> 00:13:52.496 align:start position:0%
the Middle East this spring,
customer <00:13:51.609><c>data </c><00:13:51.796><c>in </c><00:13:51.983><c>the </c><00:13:52.170><c>UAE </c><00:13:52.357><c>and</c>

00:13:52.496 --> 00:13:52.531 align:start position:0%
customer data in the UAE and
 

00:13:52.531 --> 00:13:53.397 align:start position:0%
customer data in the UAE and
Bahrain <00:13:53.120><c>was</c>

00:13:53.397 --> 00:13:53.432 align:start position:0%
Bahrain was
 

00:13:53.432 --> 00:13:56.180 align:start position:0%
Bahrain was
lost <00:13:56.048><c>forever.</c>

00:13:56.180 --> 00:13:56.214 align:start position:0%
lost forever.
 

00:13:56.214 --> 00:13:57.410 align:start position:0%
lost forever.
Wherever <00:13:56.524><c>you </c><00:13:56.834><c>keep </c><00:13:57.144><c>your</c>

00:13:57.410 --> 00:13:57.443 align:start position:0%
Wherever you keep your
 

00:13:57.443 --> 00:13:58.340 align:start position:0%
Wherever you keep your
servers, <00:13:57.720><c>the </c><00:13:57.997><c>lesson </c><00:13:58.274><c>from</c>

00:13:58.340 --> 00:13:59.470 align:start position:0%
servers, the lesson from
Yandex <00:13:58.672><c>is </c><00:13:59.004><c>that </c><00:13:59.336><c>you</c>

00:13:59.470 --> 00:13:59.503 align:start position:0%
Yandex is that you
 

00:13:59.503 --> 00:14:00.566 align:start position:0%
Yandex is that you
need <00:13:59.669><c>to </c><00:13:59.835><c>have </c><00:14:00.001><c>more </c><00:14:00.167><c>than</c>

00:14:00.566 --> 00:14:00.599 align:start position:0%
need to have more than
 

00:14:00.599 --> 00:14:01.530 align:start position:0%
need to have more than
one <00:14:01.031><c>basket </c><00:14:01.463><c>and</c>

00:14:01.530 --> 00:14:01.563 align:start position:0%
one basket and
 

00:14:01.563 --> 00:14:02.659 align:start position:0%
one basket and
make <00:14:02.078><c>sure </c><00:14:02.593><c>that</c>

00:14:02.659 --> 00:14:02.693 align:start position:0%
make sure that
 

00:14:02.693 --> 00:14:03.490 align:start position:0%
make sure that
each <00:14:03.291><c>one</c>

00:14:03.490 --> 00:14:03.523 align:start position:0%
each one
 

00:14:03.523 --> 00:14:04.719 align:start position:0%
each one
has <00:14:03.855><c>enough </c><00:14:04.187><c>space </c><00:14:04.519><c>for</c>

00:14:04.719 --> 00:14:04.752 align:start position:0%
has enough space for
 

00:14:04.752 --> 00:14:07.540 align:start position:0%
has enough space for
all <00:14:05.257><c>your </c><00:14:05.762><c>eggs.  </c><00:14:06.267><c>So, </c><00:14:06.772><c>if </c><00:14:07.277><c>the</c>

00:14:07.540 --> 00:14:07.573 align:start position:0%
all your eggs.  So, if the
 

00:14:07.573 --> 00:14:08.838 align:start position:0%
all your eggs.  So, if the
trolls <00:14:08.189><c>weren't </c><00:14:08.805><c>in</c>

00:14:08.838 --> 00:14:10.103 align:start position:0%
trolls weren't in
Yandex's <00:14:09.405><c>data </c><00:14:09.972><c>centers,</c>

00:14:10.103 --> 00:14:10.135 align:start position:0%
Yandex's data centers,
 

00:14:10.135 --> 00:14:12.929 align:start position:0%
Yandex's data centers,
where <00:14:10.978><c>were </c><00:14:11.821><c>they?  </c><00:14:12.664><c>When</c>

00:14:12.929 --> 00:14:12.963 align:start position:0%
where were they?  When
 

00:14:12.963 --> 00:14:13.793 align:start position:0%
where were they?  When
people <00:14:13.112><c>imagine </c><00:14:13.261><c>a</c>

00:14:13.793 --> 00:14:13.827 align:start position:0%
people imagine a
 

00:14:13.827 --> 00:14:14.990 align:start position:0%
people imagine a
Russian

00:14:14.990 --> 00:14:15.023 align:start position:0%
Russian
 

00:14:15.023 --> 00:14:16.120 align:start position:0%
Russian
influence <00:14:15.277><c>operation, </c><00:14:15.531><c>they </c><00:14:15.785><c>often</c>

00:14:16.120 --> 00:14:16.153 align:start position:0%
influence operation, they often
 

00:14:16.153 --> 00:14:17.449 align:start position:0%
influence operation, they often
see <00:14:16.394><c>a </c><00:14:16.635><c>building </c><00:14:16.876><c>full </c><00:14:17.117><c>of</c>

00:14:17.449 --> 00:14:17.482 align:start position:0%
see a building full of
 

00:14:17.482 --> 00:14:18.745 align:start position:0%
see a building full of
people <00:14:17.880><c>typing </c><00:14:18.278><c>in </c><00:14:18.676><c>an</c>

00:14:18.745 --> 00:14:18.778 align:start position:0%
people typing in an
 

00:14:18.778 --> 00:14:19.975 align:start position:0%
people typing in an
underground <00:14:19.941><c>bunker.</c>

00:14:19.975 --> 00:14:21.148 align:start position:0%
underground bunker.
 

00:14:21.148 --> 00:14:22.401 align:start position:0%
 
This <00:14:21.380><c>part </c><00:14:21.612><c>is </c><00:14:21.844><c>far</c>

00:14:22.401 --> 00:14:22.435 align:start position:0%
This part is far
 

00:14:22.435 --> 00:14:23.132 align:start position:0%
This part is far
from <00:14:22.766><c>the </c><00:14:23.097><c>truth.</c>

00:14:23.132 --> 00:14:24.302 align:start position:0%
from the truth.
 

00:14:24.302 --> 00:14:25.426 align:start position:0%
 
The <00:14:24.569><c>most </c><00:14:24.836><c>famous </c><00:14:25.103><c>such</c>

00:14:25.426 --> 00:14:25.458 align:start position:0%
The most famous such
 

00:14:25.458 --> 00:14:26.679 align:start position:0%
The most famous such
organization <00:14:25.908><c>in </c><00:14:26.358><c>Russia</c>

00:14:26.679 --> 00:14:26.712 align:start position:0%
organization in Russia
 

00:14:26.712 --> 00:14:27.644 align:start position:0%
organization in Russia
was <00:14:27.065><c>the</c>

00:14:27.644 --> 00:14:27.676 align:start position:0%
was the
 

00:14:27.676 --> 00:14:28.929 align:start position:0%
was the
Internet <00:14:28.270><c>Research </c><00:14:28.864><c>Agency</c>

00:14:28.929 --> 00:14:29.829 align:start position:0%
Internet Research Agency
, <00:14:29.073><c>where </c><00:14:29.217><c>hundreds </c><00:14:29.361><c>of </c><00:14:29.505><c>people</c>

00:14:29.829 --> 00:14:29.861 align:start position:0%
, where hundreds of people
 

00:14:29.861 --> 00:14:31.018 align:start position:0%
, where hundreds of people
worked <00:14:30.096><c>in </c><00:14:30.331><c>an </c><00:14:30.566><c>office</c>

00:14:31.018 --> 00:14:31.050 align:start position:0%
worked in an office
 

00:14:31.050 --> 00:14:31.982 align:start position:0%
worked in an office
building <00:14:31.500><c>in </c><00:14:31.950><c>St.</c>

00:14:31.982 --> 00:14:34.859 align:start position:0%
building in St.
Petersburg.  <00:14:33.288><c>But </c><00:14:34.594><c>if</c>

00:14:34.859 --> 00:14:34.892 align:start position:0%
Petersburg.  But if
 

00:14:34.892 --> 00:14:36.047 align:start position:0%
Petersburg.  But if
all <00:14:35.114><c>their </c><00:14:35.336><c>posts </c><00:14:35.558><c>were </c><00:14:35.780><c>coming</c>

00:14:36.047 --> 00:14:36.080 align:start position:0%
all their posts were coming
 

00:14:36.080 --> 00:14:37.004 align:start position:0%
all their posts were coming
through

00:14:37.004 --> 00:14:37.862 align:start position:0%
through
this

00:14:37.862 --> 00:14:37.895 align:start position:0%
this
 

00:14:37.895 --> 00:14:38.951 align:start position:0%
this
building's <00:14:38.093><c>internet </c><00:14:38.291><c>connection, </c><00:14:38.489><c>they </c><00:14:38.687><c>would </c><00:14:38.885><c>be</c>

00:14:38.951 --> 00:14:38.984 align:start position:0%
building's internet connection, they would be
 

00:14:38.984 --> 00:14:40.238 align:start position:0%
building's internet connection, they would be
pretty <00:14:39.248><c>easy </c><00:14:39.512><c>to </c><00:14:39.776><c>detect</c>

00:14:40.238 --> 00:14:40.271 align:start position:0%
pretty easy to detect
 

00:14:40.271 --> 00:14:42.602 align:start position:0%
pretty easy to detect
and <00:14:41.300><c>block.  </c><00:14:42.329><c>Therefore,</c>

00:14:42.602 --> 00:14:42.636 align:start position:0%
and block.  Therefore,
 

00:14:42.636 --> 00:14:43.867 align:start position:0%
and block.  Therefore,
the <00:14:42.978><c>connections </c><00:14:43.320><c>through </c><00:14:43.662><c>which</c>

00:14:43.867 --> 00:14:43.901 align:start position:0%
the connections through which
 

00:14:43.901 --> 00:14:44.893 align:start position:0%
the connections through which
these <00:14:44.072><c>operations </c><00:14:44.243><c>are </c><00:14:44.414><c>carried </c><00:14:44.585><c>out </c><00:14:44.756><c>are</c>

00:14:44.893 --> 00:14:44.927 align:start position:0%
these operations are carried out are
 

00:14:44.927 --> 00:14:46.158 align:start position:0%
these operations are carried out are
mostly

00:14:46.158 --> 00:14:46.192 align:start position:0%
mostly
 

00:14:46.192 --> 00:14:48.459 align:start position:0%
mostly
leased.  <00:14:47.897><c>An</c>

00:14:48.459 --> 00:14:48.494 align:start position:0%
leased.  An
 

00:14:48.494 --> 00:14:49.865 align:start position:0%
leased.  An
online <00:14:48.784><c>influence </c><00:14:49.074><c>campaign </c><00:14:49.364><c>has </c><00:14:49.654><c>two</c>

00:14:49.865 --> 00:14:49.900 align:start position:0%
online influence campaign has two
 

00:14:49.900 --> 00:14:50.954 align:start position:0%
online influence campaign has two
main <00:14:50.919><c>parts:</c>

00:14:50.954 --> 00:14:50.989 align:start position:0%
main parts:
 

00:14:50.989 --> 00:14:52.220 align:start position:0%
main parts:
the <00:14:51.235><c>accounts </c><00:14:51.481><c>that </c><00:14:51.727><c>make</c>

00:14:52.220 --> 00:14:52.255 align:start position:0%
the accounts that make
 

00:14:52.255 --> 00:14:53.520 align:start position:0%
the accounts that make
the <00:14:52.562><c>posts </c><00:14:52.869><c>and </c><00:14:53.176><c>the </c><00:14:53.483><c>sites</c>

00:14:53.520 --> 00:14:53.555 align:start position:0%
the posts and the sites
 

00:14:53.555 --> 00:14:54.258 align:start position:0%
the posts and the sites
they

00:14:54.258 --> 00:14:54.293 align:start position:0%
they
 

00:14:54.293 --> 00:14:56.032 align:start position:0%
they
link <00:14:55.106><c>to.  </c><00:14:55.919><c>Websites</c>

00:14:56.032 --> 00:14:57.053 align:start position:0%
link to.  Websites
are <00:14:56.126><c>the </c><00:14:56.220><c>easiest</c>

00:14:57.053 --> 00:14:57.090 align:start position:0%
are the easiest
 

00:14:57.090 --> 00:14:59.758 align:start position:0%
are the easiest
part.  <00:14:57.683><c>The </c><00:14:58.276><c>most </c><00:14:58.869><c>famous</c>

00:14:59.758 --> 00:14:59.798 align:start position:0%
part.  The most famous
 

00:14:59.798 --> 00:15:01.251 align:start position:0%
part.  The most famous
Russian <00:15:01.210><c>campaign,</c>

00:15:01.251 --> 00:15:01.291 align:start position:0%
Russian campaign,
 

00:15:01.291 --> 00:15:02.380 align:start position:0%
Russian campaign,
which <00:15:01.573><c>researchers</c>

00:15:02.380 --> 00:15:02.421 align:start position:0%
which researchers
 

00:15:02.421 --> 00:15:03.954 align:start position:0%
which researchers
call <00:15:02.918><c>“Doppelganger,” </c><00:15:03.415><c>has </c><00:15:03.912><c>been</c>

00:15:03.954 --> 00:15:05.204 align:start position:0%
call “Doppelganger,” has been
 

00:15:05.204 --> 00:15:05.244 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:15:05.244 --> 00:15:06.334 align:start position:0%
 
cloning <00:15:05.769><c>Western</c>

00:15:06.334 --> 00:15:06.374 align:start position:0%
cloning Western
 

00:15:06.374 --> 00:15:07.423 align:start position:0%
cloning Western
news <00:15:06.710><c>sites </c><00:15:07.046><c>since </c><00:15:07.382><c>2022,</c>

00:15:07.423 --> 00:15:07.463 align:start position:0%
news sites since 2022,
 

00:15:07.463 --> 00:15:08.875 align:start position:0%
news sites since 2022,
publishing <00:15:08.310><c>fake</c>

00:15:08.875 --> 00:15:08.916 align:start position:0%
publishing fake
 

00:15:08.916 --> 00:15:10.489 align:start position:0%
publishing fake
versions <00:15:09.151><c>of </c><00:15:09.386><c>Der </c><00:15:09.621><c>Spiegel, </c><00:15:09.856><c>Le </c><00:15:10.091><c>Monde, </c><00:15:10.326><c>and</c>

00:15:10.489 --> 00:15:10.529 align:start position:0%
versions of Der Spiegel, Le Monde, and
 

00:15:10.529 --> 00:15:12.022 align:start position:0%
versions of Der Spiegel, Le Monde, and
The <00:15:10.781><c>Washington </c><00:15:11.033><c>Post </c><00:15:11.285><c>at </c><00:15:11.537><c>similar</c>

00:15:12.022 --> 00:15:12.062 align:start position:0%
The Washington Post at similar
 

00:15:12.062 --> 00:15:13.514 align:start position:0%
The Washington Post at similar
addresses <00:15:12.385><c>filled </c><00:15:12.708><c>with</c>

00:15:13.514 --> 00:15:13.555 align:start position:0%
addresses filled with
 

00:15:13.555 --> 00:15:15.128 align:start position:0%
addresses filled with
fabricated <00:15:14.402><c>stories</c>

00:15:15.128 --> 00:15:18.448 align:start position:0%
fabricated stories
.  <00:15:16.351><c>An </c><00:15:17.574><c>investigation</c>

00:15:18.448 --> 00:15:18.481 align:start position:0%
.  An investigation
 

00:15:18.481 --> 00:15:19.657 align:start position:0%
.  An investigation
by <00:15:18.716><c>the </c><00:15:18.951><c>German </c><00:15:19.186><c>publication</c>

00:15:19.657 --> 00:15:19.690 align:start position:0%
by the German publication
 

00:15:19.690 --> 00:15:20.698 align:start position:0%
by the German publication
Correctiv <00:15:19.981><c>revealed </c><00:15:20.272><c>that </c><00:15:20.563><c>a</c>

00:15:20.698 --> 00:15:20.731 align:start position:0%
Correctiv revealed that a
 

00:15:20.731 --> 00:15:21.705 align:start position:0%
Correctiv revealed that a
key <00:15:20.983><c>part </c><00:15:21.235><c>of</c>

00:15:21.705 --> 00:15:21.739 align:start position:0%
key part of
 

00:15:21.739 --> 00:15:22.276 align:start position:0%
key part of
the operation

00:15:22.276 --> 00:15:22.310 align:start position:0%
the operation
 

00:15:22.310 --> 00:15:23.620 align:start position:0%
the operation
was <00:15:22.629><c>located </c><00:15:22.948><c>in </c><00:15:23.267><c>the </c><00:15:23.586><c>data</c>

00:15:23.620 --> 00:15:24.661 align:start position:0%
was located in the data
center <00:15:23.765><c>of </c><00:15:23.910><c>the </c><00:15:24.055><c>German</c>

00:15:24.661 --> 00:15:24.694 align:start position:0%
center of the German
 

00:15:24.694 --> 00:15:26.004 align:start position:0%
center of the German
hosting <00:15:25.467><c>company</c>

00:15:26.004 --> 00:15:26.038 align:start position:0%
hosting company
 

00:15:26.038 --> 00:15:26.911 align:start position:0%
hosting company
Hetzner <00:15:26.306><c>near</c>

00:15:26.911 --> 00:15:26.944 align:start position:0%
Hetzner near
 

00:15:26.944 --> 00:15:29.760 align:start position:0%
Hetzner near
Helsinki.  <00:15:28.086><c>The </c><00:15:29.228><c>fake</c>

00:15:29.760 --> 00:15:29.798 align:start position:0%
Helsinki.  The fake
 

00:15:29.798 --> 00:15:30.558 align:start position:0%
Helsinki.  The fake
Spiegel <00:15:30.292><c>article</c>

00:15:30.558 --> 00:15:30.596 align:start position:0%
Spiegel article
 

00:15:30.596 --> 00:15:32.040 align:start position:0%
Spiegel article
only <00:15:31.166><c>appeared </c><00:15:31.736><c>if</c>

00:15:32.040 --> 00:15:32.077 align:start position:0%
only appeared if
 

00:15:32.077 --> 00:15:33.179 align:start position:0%
only appeared if
you <00:15:32.267><c>connected</c>

00:15:33.179 --> 00:15:33.217 align:start position:0%
you connected
 

00:15:33.217 --> 00:15:34.395 align:start position:0%
you connected
via <00:15:33.597><c>a </c><00:15:33.977><c>German </c><00:15:34.357><c>IP</c>

00:15:34.395 --> 00:15:36.277 align:start position:0%
via a German IP
address.  <00:15:35.170><c>Everyone </c><00:15:35.945><c>else</c>

00:15:36.277 --> 00:15:36.310 align:start position:0%
address.  Everyone else
 

00:15:36.310 --> 00:15:37.404 align:start position:0%
address.  Everyone else
was <00:15:36.630><c>redirected </c><00:15:36.950><c>to </c><00:15:37.270><c>a</c>

00:15:37.404 --> 00:15:37.437 align:start position:0%
was redirected to a
 

00:15:37.437 --> 00:15:38.432 align:start position:0%
was redirected to a
random <00:15:38.398><c>site.</c>

00:15:38.432 --> 00:15:38.888 align:start position:0%
random site.
 

00:15:38.888 --> 00:15:40.087 align:start position:0%
random site.
Hosting <00:15:39.568><c>companies</c>

00:15:40.087 --> 00:15:40.119 align:start position:0%
Hosting companies
 

00:15:40.119 --> 00:15:40.897 align:start position:0%
Hosting companies
host

00:15:40.897 --> 00:15:40.929 align:start position:0%
host
 

00:15:40.929 --> 00:15:41.999 align:start position:0%
host
websites

00:15:41.999 --> 00:15:42.031 align:start position:0%
websites
 

00:15:42.031 --> 00:15:43.133 align:start position:0%
websites
for <00:15:42.355><c>almost </c><00:15:42.679><c>anyone, </c><00:15:43.003><c>and</c>

00:15:43.133 --> 00:15:43.165 align:start position:0%
for almost anyone, and
 

00:15:43.165 --> 00:15:44.105 align:start position:0%
for almost anyone, and
they <00:15:43.570><c>typically </c><00:15:43.975><c>don't</c>

00:15:44.105 --> 00:15:44.138 align:start position:0%
they typically don't
 

00:15:44.138 --> 00:15:45.207 align:start position:0%
they typically don't
vet <00:15:44.883><c>their</c>

00:15:45.207 --> 00:15:45.240 align:start position:0%
vet their
 

00:15:45.240 --> 00:15:46.951 align:start position:0%
vet their
customers.

00:15:46.951 --> 00:15:46.985 align:start position:0%
customers.
 

00:15:46.985 --> 00:15:48.233 align:start position:0%
customers.
User <00:15:47.424><c>accounts</c>

00:15:48.233 --> 00:15:49.347 align:start position:0%
User accounts
are <00:15:48.593><c>the </c><00:15:48.953><c>most </c><00:15:49.313><c>complicated.</c>

00:15:49.347 --> 00:15:50.106 align:start position:0%
are the most complicated.
 

00:15:50.106 --> 00:15:51.081 align:start position:0%
are the most complicated.
Social <00:15:50.703><c>networks</c>

00:15:51.081 --> 00:15:51.112 align:start position:0%
Social networks
 

00:15:51.112 --> 00:15:52.214 align:start position:0%
Social networks
know <00:15:51.411><c>that </c><00:15:51.710><c>real</c>

00:15:52.214 --> 00:15:52.245 align:start position:0%
know that real
 

00:15:52.245 --> 00:15:53.095 align:start position:0%
know that real
users <00:15:52.969><c>don't</c>

00:15:53.095 --> 00:15:53.126 align:start position:0%
users don't
 

00:15:53.126 --> 00:15:54.196 align:start position:0%
users don't
live <00:15:53.378><c>in </c><00:15:53.630><c>server</c>

00:15:54.196 --> 00:15:54.228 align:start position:0%
live in server
 

00:15:54.228 --> 00:15:54.983 align:start position:0%
live in server
racks, <00:15:54.479><c>so </c><00:15:54.730><c>they</c>

00:15:54.983 --> 00:15:55.015 align:start position:0%
racks, so they
 

00:15:55.015 --> 00:15:56.210 align:start position:0%
racks, so they
treat <00:15:55.549><c>traffic </c><00:15:56.083><c>from</c>

00:15:56.210 --> 00:15:56.242 align:start position:0%
treat traffic from
 

00:15:56.242 --> 00:15:57.123 align:start position:0%
treat traffic from
data <00:15:56.493><c>centers </c><00:15:56.744><c>as </c><00:15:56.995><c>a</c>

00:15:57.123 --> 00:15:57.154 align:start position:0%
data centers as a
 

00:15:57.154 --> 00:15:59.022 align:start position:0%
data centers as a
possible <00:15:58.018><c>bot.  </c><00:15:58.882><c>As</c>

00:15:59.022 --> 00:16:00.144 align:start position:0%
possible bot.  As
 

00:16:00.144 --> 00:16:00.179 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:16:00.179 --> 00:16:01.337 align:start position:0%
 
Ned <00:16:00.518><c>Mendez </c><00:16:00.857><c>of </c><00:16:01.196><c>the</c>

00:16:01.337 --> 00:16:01.372 align:start position:0%
Ned Mendez of the
 

00:16:01.372 --> 00:16:02.669 align:start position:0%
Ned Mendez of the
research <00:16:02.319><c>group</c>

00:16:02.669 --> 00:16:02.704 align:start position:0%
research group
 

00:16:02.704 --> 00:16:04.072 align:start position:0%
research group
Alliance <00:16:02.838><c>for </c><00:16:02.972><c>Europe </c><00:16:03.106><c>told </c><00:16:03.240><c>The </c><00:16:03.374><c>Guardian: </c><00:16:03.508><c>“Serious</c>

00:16:04.072 --> 00:16:04.107 align:start position:0%
Alliance for Europe told The Guardian: “Serious
 

00:16:04.107 --> 00:16:05.335 align:start position:0%
Alliance for Europe told The Guardian: “Serious
bot <00:16:04.329><c>farms </c><00:16:04.551><c>get </c><00:16:04.773><c>around</c>

00:16:05.335 --> 00:16:05.370 align:start position:0%
bot farms get around
 

00:16:05.370 --> 00:16:06.562 align:start position:0%
bot farms get around
this <00:16:05.475><c>by </c><00:16:05.580><c>using</c>

00:16:06.562 --> 00:16:06.597 align:start position:0%
this by using
 

00:16:06.597 --> 00:16:07.720 align:start position:0%
this by using
home <00:16:07.685><c>internet</c>

00:16:07.720 --> 00:16:08.491 align:start position:0%
home internet
connections <00:16:08.351><c>and</c>

00:16:08.491 --> 00:16:08.526 align:start position:0%
connections and
 

00:16:08.526 --> 00:16:09.859 align:start position:0%
connections and
phone <00:16:09.175><c>farms, </c><00:16:09.824><c>which,</c>

00:16:09.859 --> 00:16:09.894 align:start position:0%
phone farms, which,
 

00:16:09.894 --> 00:16:10.911 align:start position:0%
phone farms, which,
he <00:16:10.385><c>noted, </c><00:16:10.876><c>are</c>

00:16:10.911 --> 00:16:10.946 align:start position:0%
he noted, are
 

00:16:10.946 --> 00:16:12.209 align:start position:0%
he noted, are
impossible <00:16:12.139><c>to</c>

00:16:12.209 --> 00:16:12.244 align:start position:0%
impossible to
 

00:16:12.244 --> 00:16:13.437 align:start position:0%
impossible to
disable <00:16:12.629><c>with </c><00:16:13.014><c>airstrikes.”    </c><00:16:13.399><c>A</c>

00:16:13.437 --> 00:16:14.380 align:start position:0%
disable with airstrikes.”    A
 

00:16:14.380 --> 00:16:15.663 align:start position:0%
disable with airstrikes.”    A
home <00:16:14.955><c>connection </c><00:16:15.530><c>is</c>

00:16:15.663 --> 00:16:15.696 align:start position:0%
home connection is
 

00:16:15.696 --> 00:16:16.452 align:start position:0%
home connection is
simply <00:16:16.123><c>someone's</c>

00:16:16.452 --> 00:16:16.485 align:start position:0%
simply someone's
 

00:16:16.485 --> 00:16:17.702 align:start position:0%
simply someone's
home <00:16:17.061><c>internet, </c><00:16:17.637><c>and</c>

00:16:17.702 --> 00:16:17.735 align:start position:0%
home internet, and
 

00:16:17.735 --> 00:16:18.920 align:start position:0%
home internet, and
there's <00:16:17.949><c>a </c><00:16:18.163><c>big </c><00:16:18.377><c>market </c><00:16:18.591><c>for</c>

00:16:18.920 --> 00:16:18.953 align:start position:0%
there's a big market for
 

00:16:18.953 --> 00:16:19.808 align:start position:0%
there's a big market for
renting <00:16:19.364><c>them </c><00:16:19.775><c>out,</c>

00:16:19.808 --> 00:16:19.841 align:start position:0%
renting them out,
 

00:16:19.841 --> 00:16:21.058 align:start position:0%
renting them out,
mostly <00:16:20.433><c>from </c><00:16:21.025><c>people</c>

00:16:21.058 --> 00:16:21.091 align:start position:0%
mostly from people
 

00:16:21.091 --> 00:16:22.341 align:start position:0%
mostly from people
who <00:16:21.395><c>don't </c><00:16:21.699><c>even </c><00:16:22.003><c>know </c><00:16:22.307><c>they're</c>

00:16:22.341 --> 00:16:22.374 align:start position:0%
who don't even know they're
 

00:16:22.374 --> 00:16:23.658 align:start position:0%
who don't even know they're
renting <00:16:22.999><c>them </c><00:16:23.624><c>out.</c>

00:16:23.658 --> 00:16:24.606 align:start position:0%
renting them out.
 

00:16:24.606 --> 00:16:25.934 align:start position:0%
renting them out.
In <00:16:24.926><c>May </c><00:16:25.246><c>2024, </c><00:16:25.566><c>the</c>

00:16:25.934 --> 00:16:27.767 align:start position:0%
In May 2024, the
 

00:16:27.767 --> 00:16:27.813 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:16:27.813 --> 00:16:29.142 align:start position:0%
 
US <00:16:27.877><c>Department </c><00:16:27.941><c>of </c><00:16:28.005><c>Justice </c><00:16:28.069><c>dismantled </c><00:16:28.133><c>a</c>

00:16:29.142 --> 00:16:29.188 align:start position:0%
US Department of Justice dismantled a
 

00:16:29.188 --> 00:16:30.975 align:start position:0%
US Department of Justice dismantled a
network <00:16:29.753><c>called </c><00:16:30.318><c>911 </c><00:16:30.883><c>S5</c>

00:16:30.975 --> 00:16:32.396 align:start position:0%
network called 911 S5
, <00:16:31.318><c>which </c><00:16:31.661><c>the </c><00:16:32.004><c>FBI </c><00:16:32.347><c>called</c>

00:16:32.396 --> 00:16:32.441 align:start position:0%
, which the FBI called
 

00:16:32.441 --> 00:16:34.183 align:start position:0%
, which the FBI called
likely <00:16:32.853><c>the </c><00:16:33.265><c>largest</c>

00:16:34.183 --> 00:16:34.229 align:start position:0%
likely the largest
 

00:16:34.229 --> 00:16:35.833 align:start position:0%
likely the largest
botnet <00:16:35.008><c>in </c><00:16:35.787><c>history.</c>

00:16:35.833 --> 00:16:37.163 align:start position:0%
botnet in history.
 

00:16:37.163 --> 00:16:38.010 align:start position:0%
 
Its <00:16:37.445><c>alleged</c>

00:16:38.010 --> 00:16:38.041 align:start position:0%
Its alleged
 

00:16:38.041 --> 00:16:38.889 align:start position:0%
Its alleged
administrator, <00:16:38.857><c>a</c>

00:16:38.889 --> 00:16:38.920 align:start position:0%
administrator, a
 

00:16:38.920 --> 00:16:39.924 align:start position:0%
administrator, a
Chinese <00:16:39.893><c>citizen,</c>

00:16:39.924 --> 00:16:39.956 align:start position:0%
Chinese citizen,
 

00:16:39.956 --> 00:16:40.929 align:start position:0%
Chinese citizen,
infected <00:16:40.191><c>millions </c><00:16:40.426><c>of</c>

00:16:40.929 --> 00:16:40.960 align:start position:0%
infected millions of
 

00:16:40.960 --> 00:16:42.184 align:start position:0%
infected millions of
home <00:16:42.153><c>computers</c>

00:16:42.184 --> 00:16:42.215 align:start position:0%
home computers
 

00:16:42.215 --> 00:16:43.439 align:start position:0%
home computers
by <00:16:42.505><c>hiding </c><00:16:42.795><c>its </c><00:16:43.085><c>code </c><00:16:43.375><c>in</c>

00:16:43.439 --> 00:16:43.471 align:start position:0%
by hiding its code in
 

00:16:43.471 --> 00:16:44.224 align:start position:0%
by hiding its code in


00:16:44.224 --> 00:16:44.255 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:16:44.255 --> 00:16:44.977 align:start position:0%
 
freeware <00:16:44.852><c>and</c>

00:16:44.977 --> 00:16:45.008 align:start position:0%
freeware and
 

00:16:45.008 --> 00:16:46.076 align:start position:0%
freeware and
pirated <00:16:46.044><c>software.</c>

00:16:46.076 --> 00:16:47.168 align:start position:0%
pirated software.
 

00:16:47.168 --> 00:16:48.279 align:start position:0%
 
Then <00:16:47.515><c>he </c><00:16:47.862><c>rented </c><00:16:48.209><c>out</c>

00:16:48.279 --> 00:16:48.312 align:start position:0%
Then he rented out
 

00:16:48.312 --> 00:16:49.625 align:start position:0%
Then he rented out
their <00:16:49.592><c>internet</c>

00:16:49.625 --> 00:16:50.962 align:start position:0%
their internet
connections.  <00:16:50.650><c>His</c>

00:16:50.962 --> 00:16:51.001 align:start position:0%
connections.  His
 

00:16:51.001 --> 00:16:51.549 align:start position:0%
connections.  His
clients

00:16:51.549 --> 00:16:51.588 align:start position:0%
clients
 

00:16:51.588 --> 00:16:52.995 align:start position:0%
clients
used <00:16:52.956><c>them,</c>

00:16:52.995 --> 00:16:53.034 align:start position:0%
used them,
 

00:16:53.034 --> 00:16:54.246 align:start position:0%
used them,
among <00:16:53.360><c>other </c><00:16:53.686><c>things, </c><00:16:54.012><c>to</c>

00:16:54.246 --> 00:16:54.285 align:start position:0%
among other things, to
 

00:16:54.285 --> 00:16:55.145 align:start position:0%
among other things, to
file <00:16:55.028><c>560,000</c>

00:16:55.145 --> 00:16:55.185 align:start position:0%
file 560,000
 

00:16:55.185 --> 00:16:56.553 align:start position:0%
file 560,000
fraudulent

00:16:56.553 --> 00:16:57.608 align:start position:0%
fraudulent
 

00:16:57.608 --> 00:16:57.648 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:16:57.648 --> 00:16:59.558 align:start position:0%
 
unemployment <00:16:58.489><c>claims.  </c><00:16:59.330><c>He</c>

00:16:59.558 --> 00:16:59.596 align:start position:0%
unemployment claims.  He
 

00:16:59.596 --> 00:17:00.624 align:start position:0%
unemployment claims.  He
allegedly <00:17:00.091><c>made</c>

00:17:00.624 --> 00:17:00.662 align:start position:0%
allegedly made
 

00:17:00.662 --> 00:17:02.033 align:start position:0%
allegedly made
around <00:17:01.005><c>$99 </c><00:17:01.348><c>million</c>

00:17:02.033 --> 00:17:02.071 align:start position:0%
around $99 million
 

00:17:02.071 --> 00:17:03.252 align:start position:0%
around $99 million
, <00:17:02.252><c>and </c><00:17:02.433><c>the </c><00:17:02.614><c>list </c><00:17:02.795><c>of</c>

00:17:03.252 --> 00:17:03.290 align:start position:0%
, and the list of
 

00:17:03.290 --> 00:17:04.128 align:start position:0%
, and the list of
assets

00:17:04.128 --> 00:17:04.166 align:start position:0%
assets
 

00:17:04.166 --> 00:17:05.346 align:start position:0%
assets
prosecutors <00:17:04.527><c>wanted </c><00:17:04.888><c>to</c>

00:17:05.346 --> 00:17:05.384 align:start position:0%
prosecutors wanted to
 

00:17:05.384 --> 00:17:06.336 align:start position:0%
prosecutors wanted to
seize

00:17:06.336 --> 00:17:06.374 align:start position:0%
seize
 

00:17:06.374 --> 00:17:07.707 align:start position:0%
seize
included <00:17:06.602><c>a </c><00:17:06.830><c>Ferrari, </c><00:17:07.058><c>a </c><00:17:07.286><c>Rolls-Royce,</c>

00:17:07.707 --> 00:17:07.745 align:start position:0%
included a Ferrari, a Rolls-Royce,
 

00:17:07.745 --> 00:17:08.469 align:start position:0%
included a Ferrari, a Rolls-Royce,
and <00:17:08.050><c>21</c>

00:17:08.469 --> 00:17:08.507 align:start position:0%
and 21
 

00:17:08.507 --> 00:17:09.839 align:start position:0%
and 21
properties <00:17:09.002><c>in </c><00:17:09.497><c>five</c>

00:17:09.839 --> 00:17:09.878 align:start position:0%
properties in five
 

00:17:09.878 --> 00:17:11.363 align:start position:0%
properties in five
countries, <00:17:10.392><c>which, </c><00:17:10.906><c>as</c>

00:17:11.363 --> 00:17:11.401 align:start position:0%
countries, which, as
 

00:17:11.401 --> 00:17:12.391 align:start position:0%
countries, which, as
longtime <00:17:11.718><c>viewers </c><00:17:12.035><c>know, </c><00:17:12.352><c>is</c>

00:17:12.391 --> 00:17:12.429 align:start position:0%
longtime viewers know, is
 

00:17:12.429 --> 00:17:13.495 align:start position:0%
longtime viewers know, is
pretty <00:17:12.759><c>much </c><00:17:13.089><c>how </c><00:17:13.419><c>these</c>

00:17:13.495 --> 00:17:13.533 align:start position:0%
pretty much how these
 

00:17:13.533 --> 00:17:15.018 align:start position:0%
pretty much how these
kinds <00:17:14.485><c>of</c>

00:17:15.018 --> 00:17:15.056 align:start position:0%
kinds of
 

00:17:15.056 --> 00:17:18.742 align:start position:0%
kinds of
stories <00:17:15.922><c>end.  </c><00:17:16.788><c>In </c><00:17:17.654><c>January, </c><00:17:18.520><c>Google</c>

00:17:18.742 --> 00:17:18.779 align:start position:0%
stories end.  In January, Google
 

00:17:18.779 --> 00:17:20.173 align:start position:0%
stories end.  In January, Google
exposed <00:17:19.097><c>a </c><00:17:19.415><c>similar </c><00:17:19.733><c>network</c>

00:17:20.173 --> 00:17:20.210 align:start position:0%
exposed a similar network
 

00:17:20.210 --> 00:17:21.420 align:start position:0%
exposed a similar network
called <00:17:20.705><c>Epida, </c><00:17:21.200><c>which</c>

00:17:21.420 --> 00:17:21.457 align:start position:0%
called Epida, which
 

00:17:21.457 --> 00:17:22.741 align:start position:0%
called Epida, which
recruited <00:17:22.154><c>devices</c>

00:17:22.741 --> 00:17:22.778 align:start position:0%
recruited devices
 

00:17:22.778 --> 00:17:24.062 align:start position:0%
recruited devices
through <00:17:23.169><c>at </c><00:17:23.560><c>least </c><00:17:23.951><c>600</c>

00:17:24.062 --> 00:17:24.099 align:start position:0%
through at least 600
 

00:17:24.099 --> 00:17:25.419 align:start position:0%
through at least 600
Android <00:17:24.685><c>apps </c><00:17:25.271><c>and</c>

00:17:25.419 --> 00:17:25.456 align:start position:0%
Android apps and
 

00:17:25.456 --> 00:17:26.813 align:start position:0%
Android apps and
more <00:17:26.024><c>than </c><00:17:26.592><c>3,000</c>

00:17:26.813 --> 00:17:26.850 align:start position:0%
more than 3,000
 

00:17:26.850 --> 00:17:27.804 align:start position:0%
more than 3,000
Windows <00:17:27.107><c>apps, </c><00:17:27.364><c>secretly</c>

00:17:27.804 --> 00:17:27.841 align:start position:0%
Windows apps, secretly
 

00:17:27.841 --> 00:17:29.161 align:start position:0%
Windows apps, secretly
turning <00:17:28.428><c>them </c><00:17:29.015><c>into</c>

00:17:29.161 --> 00:17:29.198 align:start position:0%
turning them into
 

00:17:29.198 --> 00:17:32.138 align:start position:0%
turning them into
repeaters.

00:17:32.138 --> 00:17:32.175 align:start position:0%
repeaters.
 

00:17:32.175 --> 00:17:33.477 align:start position:0%
repeaters.
In <00:17:32.444><c>just </c><00:17:32.713><c>one </c><00:17:32.982><c>week, </c><00:17:33.251><c>Google</c>

00:17:33.477 --> 00:17:33.514 align:start position:0%
In just one week, Google
 

00:17:33.514 --> 00:17:34.815 align:start position:0%
In just one week, Google
counted <00:17:34.109><c>over </c><00:17:34.704><c>550</c>

00:17:34.815 --> 00:17:34.852 align:start position:0%
counted over 550
 

00:17:34.852 --> 00:17:36.080 align:start position:0%
counted over 550
different <00:17:35.336><c>hacking</c>

00:17:36.080 --> 00:17:36.117 align:start position:0%
different hacking
 

00:17:36.117 --> 00:17:36.637 align:start position:0%
different hacking
groups

00:17:36.637 --> 00:17:36.674 align:start position:0%
groups
 

00:17:36.674 --> 00:17:37.939 align:start position:0%
groups
using <00:17:37.902><c>it,</c>

00:17:37.939 --> 00:17:37.976 align:start position:0%
using it,
 

00:17:37.976 --> 00:17:39.277 align:start position:0%
using it,
including <00:17:38.589><c>groups </c><00:17:39.202><c>from</c>

00:17:39.277 --> 00:17:39.315 align:start position:0%
including groups from
 

00:17:39.315 --> 00:17:40.765 align:start position:0%
including groups from
China, <00:17:39.748><c>Iran, </c><00:17:40.181><c>Russia, </c><00:17:40.614><c>and</c>

00:17:40.765 --> 00:17:40.802 align:start position:0%
China, Iran, Russia, and
 

00:17:40.802 --> 00:17:43.203 align:start position:0%
China, Iran, Russia, and
North <00:17:41.539><c>Korea.  </c><00:17:42.276><c>Google </c><00:17:43.013><c>did</c>

00:17:43.203 --> 00:17:43.234 align:start position:0%
North Korea.  Google did
 

00:17:43.234 --> 00:17:44.281 align:start position:0%
North Korea.  Google did
not <00:17:43.662><c>say </c><00:17:44.090><c>what</c>

00:17:44.281 --> 00:17:44.313 align:start position:0%
not say what
 

00:17:44.313 --> 00:17:45.486 align:start position:0%
not say what
exactly <00:17:44.693><c>they </c><00:17:45.073><c>were </c><00:17:45.453><c>doing,</c>

00:17:45.486 --> 00:17:45.518 align:start position:0%
exactly they were doing,
 

00:17:45.518 --> 00:17:46.184 align:start position:0%
exactly they were doing,
but <00:17:45.740><c>listed</c>

00:17:46.184 --> 00:17:46.216 align:start position:0%
but listed
 

00:17:46.216 --> 00:17:47.326 align:start position:0%
but listed
creating <00:17:46.818><c>fake</c>

00:17:47.326 --> 00:17:47.357 align:start position:0%
creating fake
 

00:17:47.357 --> 00:17:48.214 align:start position:0%
creating fake
accounts <00:17:47.626><c>among </c><00:17:47.895><c>their</c>

00:17:48.214 --> 00:17:48.245 align:start position:0%
accounts among their
 

00:17:48.245 --> 00:17:49.165 align:start position:0%
accounts among their
usual <00:17:48.459><c>goals, </c><00:17:48.673><c>and </c><00:17:48.887><c>it </c><00:17:49.101><c>is</c>

00:17:49.165 --> 00:17:49.197 align:start position:0%
usual goals, and it is
 

00:17:49.197 --> 00:17:49.990 align:start position:0%
usual goals, and it is
safe

00:17:49.990 --> 00:17:50.021 align:start position:0%
safe
 

00:17:50.021 --> 00:17:50.846 align:start position:0%
safe
to <00:17:50.370><c>assume </c><00:17:50.719><c>that</c>

00:17:50.846 --> 00:17:50.878 align:start position:0%
to assume that
 

00:17:50.878 --> 00:17:51.988 align:start position:0%
to assume that
most <00:17:51.123><c>of </c><00:17:51.368><c>them </c><00:17:51.613><c>were </c><00:17:51.858><c>not</c>

00:17:51.988 --> 00:17:52.019 align:start position:0%
most of them were not
 

00:17:52.019 --> 00:17:53.066 align:start position:0%
most of them were not
just <00:17:52.225><c>checking </c><00:17:52.431><c>the</c>

00:17:53.066 --> 00:17:53.098 align:start position:0%
just checking the
 

00:17:53.098 --> 00:17:55.924 align:start position:0%
just checking the
weather <00:17:55.559><c>forecast.</c>

00:17:55.924 --> 00:17:55.961 align:start position:0%
weather forecast.
 

00:17:55.961 --> 00:17:57.059 align:start position:0%
weather forecast.
Mendez's <00:17:56.491><c>other </c><00:17:57.021><c>example,</c>

00:17:57.059 --> 00:17:57.095 align:start position:0%
Mendez's other example,
 

00:17:57.095 --> 00:17:58.193 align:start position:0%
Mendez's other example,
phone <00:17:58.156><c>farms,</c>

00:17:58.193 --> 00:17:58.230 align:start position:0%
phone farms,
 

00:17:58.230 --> 00:17:59.181 align:start position:0%
phone farms,
solves <00:17:58.559><c>a </c><00:17:58.888><c>different</c>

00:17:59.181 --> 00:17:59.217 align:start position:0%
solves a different
 

00:17:59.217 --> 00:18:00.945 align:start position:0%
solves a different
problem.  <00:18:00.387><c>Most</c>

00:18:00.945 --> 00:18:00.976 align:start position:0%
problem.  Most
 

00:18:00.976 --> 00:18:02.063 align:start position:0%
problem.  Most
platforms <00:18:01.240><c>require </c><00:18:01.504><c>a</c>

00:18:02.063 --> 00:18:02.094 align:start position:0%
platforms require a
 

00:18:02.094 --> 00:18:03.242 align:start position:0%
platforms require a
phone <00:18:02.544><c>number </c><00:18:02.994><c>before</c>

00:18:03.242 --> 00:18:03.273 align:start position:0%
phone number before
 

00:18:03.273 --> 00:18:04.049 align:start position:0%
phone number before
allowing <00:18:03.491><c>you</c>

00:18:04.049 --> 00:18:04.080 align:start position:0%
allowing you
 

00:18:04.080 --> 00:18:05.452 align:start position:0%
allowing you
to <00:18:04.357><c>open </c><00:18:04.634><c>an </c><00:18:04.911><c>account.  </c><00:18:05.188><c>So</c>

00:18:05.452 --> 00:18:06.563 align:start position:0%
to open an account.  So
, <00:18:05.648><c>if </c><00:18:05.844><c>you </c><00:18:06.040><c>need</c>

00:18:06.563 --> 00:18:06.595 align:start position:0%
, if you need
 

00:18:06.595 --> 00:18:07.804 align:start position:0%
, if you need
thousands <00:18:06.932><c>of </c><00:18:07.269><c>accounts, </c><00:18:07.606><c>you</c>

00:18:07.804 --> 00:18:07.837 align:start position:0%
thousands of accounts, you
 

00:18:07.837 --> 00:18:08.784 align:start position:0%
thousands of accounts, you
need <00:18:08.114><c>thousands </c><00:18:08.391><c>of</c>

00:18:08.784 --> 00:18:08.817 align:start position:0%
need thousands of
 

00:18:08.817 --> 00:18:09.928 align:start position:0%
need thousands of
phone <00:18:09.895><c>numbers.</c>

00:18:09.928 --> 00:18:10.790 align:start position:0%
phone numbers.
 

00:18:10.790 --> 00:18:11.836 align:start position:0%
phone numbers.
Last <00:18:11.501><c>year,</c>

00:18:11.836 --> 00:18:11.878 align:start position:0%
Last year,
 

00:18:11.878 --> 00:18:13.175 align:start position:0%
Last year,
Europol

00:18:13.175 --> 00:18:13.217 align:start position:0%
Europol
 

00:18:13.217 --> 00:18:14.514 align:start position:0%
Europol
raided <00:18:13.520><c>a </c><00:18:13.823><c>SIM </c><00:18:14.126><c>farm </c><00:18:14.429><c>in</c>

00:18:14.514 --> 00:18:14.556 align:start position:0%
raided a SIM farm in
 

00:18:14.556 --> 00:18:16.104 align:start position:0%
raided a SIM farm in
Latvia <00:18:15.016><c>and </c><00:18:15.476><c>seized </c><00:18:15.936><c>1,200</c>

00:18:16.104 --> 00:18:16.146 align:start position:0%
Latvia and seized 1,200
 

00:18:16.146 --> 00:18:17.778 align:start position:0%
Latvia and seized 1,200
devices <00:18:17.192><c>containing</c>

00:18:17.778 --> 00:18:17.820 align:start position:0%
devices containing
 

00:18:17.820 --> 00:18:19.369 align:start position:0%
devices containing
40,000 <00:18:18.322><c>active </c><00:18:18.824><c>SIM </c><00:18:19.326><c>cards.</c>

00:18:19.369 --> 00:18:20.281 align:start position:0%
40,000 active SIM cards.
 

00:18:20.281 --> 00:18:21.493 align:start position:0%
40,000 active SIM cards.
Numbers <00:18:20.740><c>from </c><00:18:21.199><c>this</c>

00:18:21.493 --> 00:18:21.530 align:start position:0%
Numbers from this
 

00:18:21.530 --> 00:18:22.926 align:start position:0%
Numbers from this
one <00:18:21.897><c>transaction </c><00:18:22.264><c>alone </c><00:18:22.631><c>were</c>

00:18:22.926 --> 00:18:22.963 align:start position:0%
one transaction alone were
 

00:18:22.963 --> 00:18:24.028 align:start position:0%
one transaction alone were
used <00:18:23.808><c>to</c>

00:18:24.028 --> 00:18:24.065 align:start position:0%
used to
 

00:18:24.065 --> 00:18:25.240 align:start position:0%
used to
open <00:18:24.616><c>over </c><00:18:25.167><c>49</c>

00:18:25.240 --> 00:18:25.277 align:start position:0%
open over 49
 

00:18:25.277 --> 00:18:26.453 align:start position:0%
open over 49
million <00:18:26.416><c>online</c>

00:18:26.453 --> 00:18:28.523 align:start position:0%
million online
accounts.  <00:18:27.091><c>All </c><00:18:27.729><c>of </c><00:18:28.367><c>this</c>

00:18:28.523 --> 00:18:28.561 align:start position:0%
accounts.  All of this
 

00:18:28.561 --> 00:18:29.716 align:start position:0%
accounts.  All of this
brings <00:18:28.894><c>us </c><00:18:29.227><c>to </c><00:18:29.560><c>the</c>

00:18:29.716 --> 00:18:29.754 align:start position:0%
brings us to the
 

00:18:29.754 --> 00:18:30.947 align:start position:0%
brings us to the
unsung <00:18:30.158><c>hero </c><00:18:30.562><c>of</c>

00:18:30.947 --> 00:18:30.986 align:start position:0%
unsung hero of
 

00:18:30.986 --> 00:18:32.333 align:start position:0%
unsung hero of
today's <00:18:31.313><c>disinformation </c><00:18:31.640><c>economy—the</c>

00:18:32.333 --> 00:18:33.488 align:start position:0%
today's disinformation economy—the
 

00:18:33.488 --> 00:18:34.642 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:34.642 --> 00:18:35.643 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:35.643 --> 00:18:35.681 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:35.681 --> 00:18:38.269 align:start position:0%
 
$55 <00:18:36.033><c>budget </c><00:18:36.385><c>Android </c><00:18:36.737><c>TV </c><00:18:37.089><c>box.  </c><00:18:37.441><c>People </c><00:18:37.793><c>buy</c>

00:18:38.269 --> 00:18:38.303 align:start position:0%
$55 budget Android TV box.  People buy
 

00:18:38.303 --> 00:18:38.915 align:start position:0%
$55 budget Android TV box.  People buy
them <00:18:38.881><c>online,</c>

00:18:38.915 --> 00:18:38.949 align:start position:0%
them online,
 

00:18:38.949 --> 00:18:39.866 align:start position:0%
them online,
connect <00:18:39.209><c>them </c><00:18:39.469><c>to </c><00:18:39.729><c>their</c>

00:18:39.866 --> 00:18:39.900 align:start position:0%
connect them to their
 

00:18:39.900 --> 00:18:41.090 align:start position:0%
connect them to their
TV, <00:18:40.274><c>to </c><00:18:40.648><c>Wi-Fi, </c><00:18:41.022><c>and</c>

00:18:41.090 --> 00:18:41.124 align:start position:0%
TV, to Wi-Fi, and
 

00:18:41.124 --> 00:18:42.449 align:start position:0%
TV, to Wi-Fi, and
never <00:18:41.404><c>think </c><00:18:41.684><c>about </c><00:18:41.964><c>them </c><00:18:42.244><c>again</c>

00:18:42.449 --> 00:18:42.483 align:start position:0%
never think about them again
 

00:18:42.483 --> 00:18:44.731 align:start position:0%
never think about them again
.  <00:18:44.460><c>They</c>

00:18:44.731 --> 00:18:44.765 align:start position:0%
.  They
 

00:18:44.765 --> 00:18:45.478 align:start position:0%
.  They
run <00:18:45.342><c>on</c>

00:18:45.478 --> 00:18:45.512 align:start position:0%
run on
 

00:18:45.512 --> 00:18:46.633 align:start position:0%
run on
simplified <00:18:45.834><c>versions </c><00:18:46.156><c>of</c>

00:18:46.633 --> 00:18:46.667 align:start position:0%
simplified versions of
 

00:18:46.667 --> 00:18:47.991 align:start position:0%
simplified versions of
Android <00:18:47.063><c>that </c><00:18:47.459><c>manufacturers </c><00:18:47.855><c>don't</c>

00:18:47.991 --> 00:18:48.025 align:start position:0%
Android that manufacturers don't
 

00:18:48.025 --> 00:18:49.349 align:start position:0%
Android that manufacturers don't
burden <00:18:48.443><c>with </c><00:18:48.861><c>protection, </c><00:18:49.279><c>and</c>

00:18:49.349 --> 00:18:49.383 align:start position:0%
burden with protection, and
 

00:18:49.383 --> 00:18:50.707 align:start position:0%
burden with protection, and
some <00:18:49.620><c>of </c><00:18:49.857><c>them </c><00:18:50.094><c>come</c>

00:18:50.707 --> 00:18:50.741 align:start position:0%
some of them come
 

00:18:50.741 --> 00:18:51.896 align:start position:0%
some of them come
with <00:18:50.854><c>malware </c><00:18:50.967><c>already </c><00:18:51.080><c>installed</c>

00:18:51.896 --> 00:18:51.930 align:start position:0%
with malware already installed
 

00:18:51.930 --> 00:18:52.915 align:start position:0%
with malware already installed
, <00:18:52.779><c>which</c>

00:18:52.915 --> 00:18:52.949 align:start position:0%
, which
 

00:18:52.949 --> 00:18:54.239 align:start position:0%
, which
saves <00:18:53.166><c>everyone </c><00:18:53.383><c>a </c><00:18:53.600><c>lot </c><00:18:53.817><c>of </c><00:18:54.034><c>time</c>

00:18:54.239 --> 00:18:54.273 align:start position:0%
saves everyone a lot of time
 

00:18:54.273 --> 00:18:57.650 align:start position:0%
saves everyone a lot of time
.  <00:18:55.858><c>One </c><00:18:57.443><c>botnet</c>

00:18:57.650 --> 00:18:57.685 align:start position:0%
.  One botnet
 

00:18:57.685 --> 00:18:58.926 align:start position:0%
.  One botnet
called <00:18:57.937><c>Kim </c><00:18:58.189><c>Wolf </c><00:18:58.441><c>infected</c>

00:18:58.926 --> 00:18:58.960 align:start position:0%
called Kim Wolf infected
 

00:18:58.960 --> 00:18:59.960 align:start position:0%
called Kim Wolf infected
over <00:18:59.184><c>2 </c><00:18:59.408><c>million</c>

00:18:59.960 --> 00:18:59.995 align:start position:0%
over 2 million
 

00:18:59.995 --> 00:19:01.305 align:start position:0%
over 2 million
devices, <00:19:00.685><c>mostly</c>

00:19:01.305 --> 00:19:01.340 align:start position:0%
devices, mostly
 

00:19:01.340 --> 00:19:02.685 align:start position:0%
devices, mostly
similar <00:19:01.765><c>set-top </c><00:19:02.190><c>boxes, </c><00:19:02.615><c>and</c>

00:19:02.685 --> 00:19:03.616 align:start position:0%
similar set-top boxes, and
, <00:19:02.983><c>according </c><00:19:03.281><c>to </c><00:19:03.579><c>Google,</c>

00:19:03.616 --> 00:19:03.650 align:start position:0%
, according to Google,
 

00:19:03.650 --> 00:19:04.822 align:start position:0%
, according to Google,
Epida's <00:19:04.650><c>infrastructure</c>

00:19:04.822 --> 00:19:04.857 align:start position:0%
Epida's infrastructure
 

00:19:04.857 --> 00:19:05.857 align:start position:0%
Epida's infrastructure
helped

00:19:05.857 --> 00:19:05.891 align:start position:0%
helped
 

00:19:05.891 --> 00:19:08.388 align:start position:0%
helped
support <00:19:07.123><c>it.  </c><00:19:08.355><c>So,</c>

00:19:08.388 --> 00:19:08.420 align:start position:0%
support it.  So,
 

00:19:08.420 --> 00:19:09.281 align:start position:0%
support it.  So,
millions <00:19:08.691><c>of </c><00:19:08.962><c>these</c>

00:19:09.281 --> 00:19:09.313 align:start position:0%
millions of these
 

00:19:09.313 --> 00:19:10.398 align:start position:0%
millions of these
set-top <00:19:09.653><c>boxes </c><00:19:09.993><c>sit </c><00:19:10.333><c>in</c>

00:19:10.398 --> 00:19:10.430 align:start position:0%
set-top boxes sit in
 

00:19:10.430 --> 00:19:11.578 align:start position:0%
set-top boxes sit in
living <00:19:10.685><c>rooms </c><00:19:10.940><c>around </c><00:19:11.195><c>the</c>

00:19:11.578 --> 00:19:11.610 align:start position:0%
living rooms around the
 

00:19:11.610 --> 00:19:12.631 align:start position:0%
living rooms around the
world, <00:19:11.993><c>streaming</c>

00:19:12.631 --> 00:19:12.663 align:start position:0%
world, streaming
 

00:19:12.663 --> 00:19:13.875 align:start position:0%
world, streaming
football <00:19:13.556><c>that</c>

00:19:13.875 --> 00:19:13.907 align:start position:0%
football that
 

00:19:13.907 --> 00:19:14.992 align:start position:0%
football that
no <00:19:14.024><c>one </c><00:19:14.141><c>paid </c><00:19:14.258><c>for </c><00:19:14.375><c>and </c><00:19:14.492><c>renting </c><00:19:14.609><c>out</c>

00:19:14.992 --> 00:19:16.173 align:start position:0%
no one paid for and renting out
 

00:19:16.173 --> 00:19:16.205 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:19:16.205 --> 00:19:17.226 align:start position:0%
 
their <00:19:16.444><c>owners' </c><00:19:16.683><c>internet </c><00:19:16.922><c>connections </c><00:19:17.161><c>to</c>

00:19:17.226 --> 00:19:17.257 align:start position:0%
their owners' internet connections to
 

00:19:17.257 --> 00:19:18.310 align:start position:0%
their owners' internet connections to
people

00:19:18.310 --> 00:19:18.342 align:start position:0%
people
 

00:19:18.342 --> 00:19:19.587 align:start position:0%
people
they've <00:19:18.773><c>never </c><00:19:19.204><c>met</c>

00:19:19.587 --> 00:19:21.859 align:start position:0%
they've never met
.  <00:19:20.121><c>How </c><00:19:20.655><c>exactly </c><00:19:21.189><c>they </c><00:19:21.723><c>are</c>

00:19:21.859 --> 00:19:21.892 align:start position:0%
.  How exactly they are
 

00:19:21.892 --> 00:19:22.937 align:start position:0%
.  How exactly they are
hacked <00:19:22.246><c>is </c><00:19:22.600><c>almost</c>

00:19:22.937 --> 00:19:22.971 align:start position:0%
hacked is almost
 

00:19:22.971 --> 00:19:24.252 align:start position:0%
hacked is almost
embarrassingly <00:19:23.353><c>simple, </c><00:19:23.735><c>and </c><00:19:24.117><c>we'll</c>

00:19:24.252 --> 00:19:24.286 align:start position:0%
embarrassingly simple, and we'll
 

00:19:24.286 --> 00:19:25.567 align:start position:0%
embarrassingly simple, and we'll
come <00:19:24.474><c>back </c><00:19:24.662><c>to </c><00:19:24.850><c>that </c><00:19:25.038><c>at </c><00:19:25.226><c>the</c>

00:19:25.567 --> 00:19:25.601 align:start position:0%
come back to that at the
 

00:19:25.601 --> 00:19:29.276 align:start position:0%
come back to that at the
end.  <00:19:29.242><c>So,</c>

00:19:29.276 --> 00:19:29.311 align:start position:0%
end.  So,
 

00:19:29.311 --> 00:19:30.406 align:start position:0%
end.  So,
when <00:19:29.539><c>someone </c><00:19:29.767><c>has </c><00:19:29.995><c>amassed</c>

00:19:30.406 --> 00:19:30.440 align:start position:0%
when someone has amassed
 

00:19:30.440 --> 00:19:31.500 align:start position:0%
when someone has amassed
a <00:19:30.662><c>few </c><00:19:30.884><c>million</c>

00:19:31.500 --> 00:19:31.535 align:start position:0%
a few million
 

00:19:31.535 --> 00:19:32.424 align:start position:0%
a few million
hijacked <00:19:31.962><c>set-top </c><00:19:32.389><c>boxes</c>

00:19:32.424 --> 00:19:33.690 align:start position:0%
hijacked set-top boxes
in <00:19:33.040><c>a </c><00:19:33.656><c>warehouse</c>

00:19:33.690 --> 00:19:33.725 align:start position:0%
in a warehouse
 

00:19:33.725 --> 00:19:34.854 align:start position:0%
in a warehouse
full <00:19:33.973><c>of </c><00:19:34.221><c>SIM </c><00:19:34.469><c>cards, </c><00:19:34.717><c>they</c>

00:19:34.854 --> 00:19:34.888 align:start position:0%
full of SIM cards, they
 

00:19:34.888 --> 00:19:36.085 align:start position:0%
full of SIM cards, they
need <00:19:35.452><c>customers, </c><00:19:36.016><c>and</c>

00:19:36.085 --> 00:19:36.120 align:start position:0%
need customers, and
 

00:19:36.120 --> 00:19:36.941 align:start position:0%
need customers, and
governments <00:19:36.370><c>are </c><00:19:36.620><c>often </c><00:19:36.870><c>the</c>

00:19:36.941 --> 00:19:36.975 align:start position:0%
governments are often the
 

00:19:36.975 --> 00:19:38.310 align:start position:0%
governments are often the
most <00:19:37.408><c>reliable </c><00:19:37.841><c>of </c><00:19:38.274><c>them.</c>

00:19:38.310 --> 00:19:40.245 align:start position:0%
most reliable of them.
 

00:19:40.245 --> 00:19:41.304 align:start position:0%
 
In <00:19:40.493><c>July </c><00:19:40.741><c>2024, </c><00:19:40.989><c>the</c>

00:19:41.304 --> 00:19:42.875 align:start position:0%
In July 2024, the
 

00:19:42.875 --> 00:19:42.914 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:19:42.914 --> 00:19:43.738 align:start position:0%
 
US <00:19:42.959><c>Department </c><00:19:43.004><c>of </c><00:19:43.049><c>Justice </c><00:19:43.094><c>shut </c><00:19:43.139><c>down </c><00:19:43.184><c>a</c>

00:19:43.738 --> 00:19:43.777 align:start position:0%
US Department of Justice shut down a
 

00:19:43.777 --> 00:19:45.230 align:start position:0%
US Department of Justice shut down a
Russian <00:19:44.150><c>bot </c><00:19:44.523><c>farm</c>

00:19:45.230 --> 00:19:45.269 align:start position:0%
Russian bot farm
 

00:19:45.269 --> 00:19:46.368 align:start position:0%
Russian bot farm
with <00:19:45.452><c>nearly </c><00:19:45.635><c>a </c><00:19:45.818><c>thousand</c>

00:19:46.368 --> 00:19:46.408 align:start position:0%
with nearly a thousand
 

00:19:46.408 --> 00:19:47.507 align:start position:0%
with nearly a thousand
Twitter <00:19:47.467><c>accounts</c>

00:19:47.507 --> 00:19:47.546 align:start position:0%
Twitter accounts
 

00:19:47.546 --> 00:19:48.449 align:start position:0%
Twitter accounts
created

00:19:48.449 --> 00:19:48.488 align:start position:0%
created
 

00:19:48.488 --> 00:19:49.430 align:start position:0%
created
using <00:19:48.939><c>an </c><00:19:49.390><c>AI</c>

00:19:49.430 --> 00:19:50.843 align:start position:0%
using an AI
program <00:19:50.372><c>called</c>

00:19:50.843 --> 00:19:50.883 align:start position:0%
program called
 

00:19:50.883 --> 00:19:53.613 align:start position:0%
program called
Meliorator.  <00:19:51.556><c>According </c><00:19:52.229><c>to </c><00:19:52.902><c>the </c><00:19:53.575><c>FBI,</c>

00:19:53.613 --> 00:19:53.652 align:start position:0%
Meliorator.  According to the FBI,
 

00:19:53.652 --> 00:19:54.378 align:start position:0%
Meliorator.  According to the FBI,
the <00:19:53.900><c>project </c><00:19:54.148><c>was</c>

00:19:54.378 --> 00:19:54.416 align:start position:0%
the project was
 

00:19:54.416 --> 00:19:55.487 align:start position:0%
the project was
proposed by

00:19:55.487 --> 00:19:55.525 align:start position:0%
proposed by
 

00:19:55.525 --> 00:19:56.366 align:start position:0%
proposed by
the deputy

00:19:56.366 --> 00:19:56.405 align:start position:0%
the deputy
 

00:19:56.405 --> 00:19:57.819 align:start position:0%
the deputy
editor-in-chief <00:19:56.768><c>of </c><00:19:57.131><c>the</c>

00:19:57.819 --> 00:19:57.858 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief of the
 

00:19:57.858 --> 00:19:58.699 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief of the
Russian

00:19:58.699 --> 00:19:58.737 align:start position:0%
Russian
 

00:19:58.737 --> 00:20:00.228 align:start position:0%
Russian
state <00:19:59.463><c>broadcaster </c><00:20:00.189><c>RT,</c>

00:20:00.228 --> 00:20:00.266 align:start position:0%
state broadcaster RT,
 

00:20:00.266 --> 00:20:00.916 align:start position:0%
state broadcaster RT,
and <00:20:00.381><c>later</c>

00:20:00.916 --> 00:20:00.955 align:start position:0%
and later
 

00:20:00.955 --> 00:20:01.987 align:start position:0%
and later
integrated <00:20:01.432><c>into </c><00:20:01.909><c>an</c>

00:20:01.987 --> 00:20:02.025 align:start position:0%
integrated into an
 

00:20:02.025 --> 00:20:02.905 align:start position:0%
integrated into an
organization

00:20:02.905 --> 00:20:02.943 align:start position:0%
organization
 

00:20:02.943 --> 00:20:05.411 align:start position:0%
organization
created <00:20:03.529><c>by </c><00:20:04.115><c>the </c><00:20:04.701><c>FSB.  </c><00:20:05.287><c>This</c>

00:20:05.411 --> 00:20:05.442 align:start position:0%
created by the FSB.  This
 

00:20:05.442 --> 00:20:06.001 align:start position:0%
created by the FSB.  This


00:20:06.001 --> 00:20:06.032 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:20:06.032 --> 00:20:07.119 align:start position:0%
 
software <00:20:06.809><c>could</c>

00:20:07.119 --> 00:20:07.151 align:start position:0%
software could
 

00:20:07.151 --> 00:20:08.176 align:start position:0%
software could
massively <00:20:07.554><c>create</c>

00:20:08.176 --> 00:20:08.207 align:start position:0%
massively create
 

00:20:08.207 --> 00:20:09.263 align:start position:0%
massively create
fake <00:20:08.673><c>profiles </c><00:20:09.139><c>and</c>

00:20:09.263 --> 00:20:09.294 align:start position:0%
fake profiles and
 

00:20:09.294 --> 00:20:10.071 align:start position:0%
fake profiles and
copy <00:20:09.490><c>the </c><00:20:09.686><c>tone </c><00:20:09.882><c>of</c>

00:20:10.071 --> 00:20:10.102 align:start position:0%
copy the tone of
 

00:20:10.102 --> 00:20:10.785 align:start position:0%
copy the tone of
communication of

00:20:10.785 --> 00:20:10.816 align:start position:0%
communication of
 

00:20:10.816 --> 00:20:11.376 align:start position:0%
communication of
ordinary

00:20:11.376 --> 00:20:11.407 align:start position:0%
ordinary
 

00:20:11.407 --> 00:20:12.152 align:start position:0%
ordinary


00:20:12.152 --> 00:20:12.183 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:20:12.183 --> 00:20:13.560 align:start position:0%
 
social <00:20:12.463><c>media </c><00:20:12.743><c>users.  </c><00:20:13.023><c>Some </c><00:20:13.303><c>bots</c>

00:20:13.560 --> 00:20:13.591 align:start position:0%
social media users.  Some bots
 

00:20:13.591 --> 00:20:14.290 align:start position:0%
social media users.  Some bots
responded to

00:20:14.290 --> 00:20:14.321 align:start position:0%
responded to
 

00:20:14.321 --> 00:20:15.147 align:start position:0%
responded to
American

00:20:15.147 --> 00:20:15.178 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:20:15.178 --> 00:20:15.972 align:start position:0%
American
candidates <00:20:15.845><c>for</c>

00:20:15.972 --> 00:20:16.004 align:start position:0%
candidates for
 

00:20:16.004 --> 00:20:17.083 align:start position:0%
candidates for
federal <00:20:17.051><c>office,</c>

00:20:17.083 --> 00:20:17.114 align:start position:0%
federal office,
 

00:20:17.114 --> 00:20:18.003 align:start position:0%
federal office,
claiming <00:20:17.876><c>to</c>

00:20:18.003 --> 00:20:18.035 align:start position:0%
claiming to
 

00:20:18.035 --> 00:20:19.114 align:start position:0%
claiming to
live <00:20:18.289><c>in </c><00:20:18.543><c>the</c>

00:20:19.114 --> 00:20:19.146 align:start position:0%
live in the
 

00:20:19.146 --> 00:20:20.555 align:start position:0%
live in the
candidate's <00:20:20.365><c>constituency.</c>

00:20:20.555 --> 00:20:20.587 align:start position:0%
candidate's constituency.
 

00:20:20.587 --> 00:20:21.510 align:start position:0%
candidate's constituency.
Each <00:20:21.065><c>account</c>

00:20:21.510 --> 00:20:21.542 align:start position:0%
Each account
 

00:20:21.542 --> 00:20:22.751 align:start position:0%
Each account
required <00:20:22.369><c>an</c>

00:20:22.751 --> 00:20:22.783 align:start position:0%
required an
 

00:20:22.783 --> 00:20:23.865 align:start position:0%
required an
email <00:20:23.833><c>address,</c>

00:20:23.865 --> 00:20:23.897 align:start position:0%
email address,
 

00:20:23.897 --> 00:20:24.756 align:start position:0%
email address,
so <00:20:24.183><c>operators</c>

00:20:24.756 --> 00:20:24.788 align:start position:0%
so operators
 

00:20:24.788 --> 00:20:25.711 align:start position:0%
so operators
created <00:20:25.058><c>their </c><00:20:25.328><c>own</c>

00:20:25.711 --> 00:20:25.742 align:start position:0%
created their own
 

00:20:25.742 --> 00:20:28.162 align:start position:0%
created their own
email <00:20:26.728><c>domains.  </c><00:20:27.714><c>One</c>

00:20:28.162 --> 00:20:28.207 align:start position:0%
email domains.  One
 

00:20:28.207 --> 00:20:29.732 align:start position:0%
email domains.  One
of <00:20:28.476><c>them </c><00:20:28.745><c>was </c><00:20:29.014><c>mlrtr.com, </c><00:20:29.283><c>which </c><00:20:29.552><c>is</c>

00:20:29.732 --> 00:20:29.777 align:start position:0%
of them was mlrtr.com, which is
 

00:20:29.777 --> 00:20:31.347 align:start position:0%
of them was mlrtr.com, which is
very <00:20:30.151><c>similar </c><00:20:30.525><c>to </c><00:20:30.899><c>Meliorator</c>

00:20:31.347 --> 00:20:31.392 align:start position:0%
very similar to Meliorator
 

00:20:31.392 --> 00:20:32.963 align:start position:0%
very similar to Meliorator
without <00:20:32.155><c>the </c><00:20:32.918><c>vowels.</c>

00:20:32.963 --> 00:20:34.095 align:start position:0%
without the vowels.
 

00:20:34.095 --> 00:20:34.862 align:start position:0%
 
This <00:20:34.278><c>level </c><00:20:34.461><c>of</c>

00:20:34.862 --> 00:20:34.896 align:start position:0%
This level of
 

00:20:34.896 --> 00:20:35.897 align:start position:0%
This level of
professionalism

00:20:35.897 --> 00:20:35.930 align:start position:0%
professionalism
 

00:20:35.930 --> 00:20:37.065 align:start position:0%
professionalism
suggests <00:20:36.931><c>that</c>

00:20:37.065 --> 00:20:37.098 align:start position:0%
suggests that
 

00:20:37.098 --> 00:20:38.367 align:start position:0%
suggests that
no <00:20:37.476><c>one </c><00:20:37.854><c>expected </c><00:20:38.232><c>the</c>

00:20:38.367 --> 00:20:38.400 align:start position:0%
no one expected the
 

00:20:38.400 --> 00:20:39.334 align:start position:0%
no one expected the
FBI <00:20:38.667><c>to </c><00:20:38.934><c>ever</c>

00:20:39.334 --> 00:20:39.368 align:start position:0%
FBI to ever
 

00:20:39.368 --> 00:20:40.503 align:start position:0%
FBI to ever
pay <00:20:39.735><c>attention </c><00:20:40.102><c>to </c><00:20:40.469><c>this.</c>

00:20:40.503 --> 00:20:41.375 align:start position:0%
pay attention to this.
 

00:20:41.375 --> 00:20:42.497 align:start position:0%
pay attention to this.
When <00:20:41.562><c>the </c><00:20:41.749><c>FBI </c><00:20:41.936><c>seized</c>

00:20:42.497 --> 00:20:42.532 align:start position:0%
When the FBI seized
 

00:20:42.532 --> 00:20:43.900 align:start position:0%
When the FBI seized
the <00:20:42.693><c>domains, </c><00:20:42.854><c>the </c><00:20:43.015><c>bots </c><00:20:43.176><c>lost </c><00:20:43.337><c>the</c>

00:20:43.900 --> 00:20:43.935 align:start position:0%
the domains, the bots lost the
 

00:20:43.935 --> 00:20:45.163 align:start position:0%
the domains, the bots lost the
email <00:20:44.391><c>addresses</c>

00:20:45.163 --> 00:20:45.198 align:start position:0%
email addresses
 

00:20:45.198 --> 00:20:46.496 align:start position:0%
email addresses
they <00:20:45.741><c>needed </c><00:20:46.284><c>to</c>

00:20:46.496 --> 00:20:46.531 align:start position:0%
they needed to
 

00:20:46.531 --> 00:20:47.864 align:start position:0%
they needed to
bypass <00:20:47.179><c>Twitter </c><00:20:47.827><c>filters.</c>

00:20:47.864 --> 00:20:49.594 align:start position:0%
bypass Twitter filters.
 

00:20:49.594 --> 00:20:50.895 align:start position:0%
 
When <00:20:49.840><c>Cyber ​​</c><00:20:50.086><c>Scoop </c><00:20:50.332><c>asked</c>

00:20:50.895 --> 00:20:50.930 align:start position:0%
When Cyber ​​Scoop asked
 

00:20:50.930 --> 00:20:52.056 align:start position:0%
When Cyber ​​Scoop asked
RT <00:20:51.258><c>for </c><00:20:51.586><c>comment, </c><00:20:51.914><c>its</c>

00:20:52.056 --> 00:20:52.091 align:start position:0%
RT for comment, its
 

00:20:52.091 --> 00:20:53.463 align:start position:0%
RT for comment, its
deputy

00:20:53.463 --> 00:20:53.498 align:start position:0%
deputy
 

00:20:53.498 --> 00:20:54.448 align:start position:0%
deputy
editor-in-chief <00:20:54.167><c>Anna</c>

00:20:54.448 --> 00:20:54.483 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief Anna
 

00:20:54.483 --> 00:20:55.714 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief Anna
Belkina <00:20:55.574><c>said</c>

00:20:55.714 --> 00:20:55.750 align:start position:0%
Belkina said
 

00:20:55.750 --> 00:20:56.664 align:start position:0%
Belkina said
she <00:20:55.984><c>was </c><00:20:56.218><c>more </c><00:20:56.452><c>than</c>

00:20:56.664 --> 00:20:56.699 align:start position:0%
she was more than
 

00:20:56.699 --> 00:20:58.001 align:start position:0%
she was more than
happy <00:20:56.945><c>to </c><00:20:57.191><c>take </c><00:20:57.437><c>care</c>

00:20:58.001 --> 00:20:58.036 align:start position:0%
happy to take care
 

00:20:58.036 --> 00:20:59.056 align:start position:0%
happy to take care
of <00:20:58.528><c>her </c><00:20:59.020><c>farm,</c>

00:20:59.056 --> 00:20:59.092 align:start position:0%
of her farm,
 

00:20:59.092 --> 00:21:00.041 align:start position:0%
of her farm,
her <00:20:59.361><c>dacha, </c><00:20:59.630><c>where </c><00:20:59.899><c>she</c>

00:21:00.041 --> 00:21:00.077 align:start position:0%
her dacha, where she
 

00:21:00.077 --> 00:21:01.237 align:start position:0%
her dacha, where she
grows <00:21:00.604><c>mostly</c>

00:21:01.237 --> 00:21:01.273 align:start position:0%
grows mostly
 

00:21:01.273 --> 00:21:02.645 align:start position:0%
grows mostly
tomatoes <00:21:01.941><c>and </c><00:21:02.609><c>strawberries.</c>

00:21:02.645 --> 00:21:03.696 align:start position:0%
tomatoes and strawberries.
 

00:21:03.696 --> 00:21:04.593 align:start position:0%
 
Her <00:21:04.558><c>boss,</c>

00:21:04.593 --> 00:21:04.627 align:start position:0%
Her boss,
 

00:21:04.627 --> 00:21:05.904 align:start position:0%
Her boss,
editor-in-chief

00:21:05.904 --> 00:21:05.939 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief
 

00:21:05.939 --> 00:21:07.181 align:start position:0%
editor-in-chief
Margarita <00:21:07.147><c>Simonyan,</c>

00:21:07.181 --> 00:21:07.216 align:start position:0%
Margarita Simonyan,
 

00:21:07.216 --> 00:21:08.492 align:start position:0%
Margarita Simonyan,
had <00:21:07.466><c>a </c><00:21:07.716><c>harder </c><00:21:07.966><c>time </c><00:21:08.216><c>when</c>

00:21:08.492 --> 00:21:08.527 align:start position:0%
had a harder time when
 

00:21:08.527 --> 00:21:09.631 align:start position:0%
had a harder time when
the <00:21:09.062><c>drones </c><00:21:09.597><c>hit</c>

00:21:09.631 --> 00:21:10.973 align:start position:0%
the drones hit
Yandex.  <00:21:10.825><c>As</c>

00:21:10.973 --> 00:21:11.010 align:start position:0%
Yandex.  As
 

00:21:11.010 --> 00:21:12.380 align:start position:0%
Yandex.  As
Meduza <00:21:11.547><c>reports, </c><00:21:12.084><c>she</c>

00:21:12.380 --> 00:21:12.417 align:start position:0%
Meduza reports, she
 

00:21:12.417 --> 00:21:13.824 align:start position:0%
Meduza reports, she
complained <00:21:12.836><c>on </c><00:21:13.255><c>Telegram </c><00:21:13.674><c>that</c>

00:21:13.824 --> 00:21:13.861 align:start position:0%
complained on Telegram that
 

00:21:13.861 --> 00:21:15.194 align:start position:0%
complained on Telegram that
she <00:21:14.132><c>was </c><00:21:14.403><c>constantly </c><00:21:14.674><c>asked</c>

00:21:15.194 --> 00:21:15.231 align:start position:0%
she was constantly asked
 

00:21:15.231 --> 00:21:16.490 align:start position:0%
she was constantly asked
to <00:21:15.416><c>prove </c><00:21:15.601><c>that </c><00:21:15.786><c>she </c><00:21:15.971><c>was </c><00:21:16.156><c>not </c><00:21:16.341><c>a</c>

00:21:16.490 --> 00:21:16.527 align:start position:0%
to prove that she was not a
 

00:21:16.527 --> 00:21:18.979 align:start position:0%
to prove that she was not a
robot.  <00:21:16.997><c>"I </c><00:21:17.467><c>am </c><00:21:17.937><c>not </c><00:21:18.407><c>a </c><00:21:18.877><c>robot,"</c>

00:21:18.979 --> 00:21:20.018 align:start position:0%
robot.  "I am not a robot,"
she <00:21:19.280><c>wrote, </c><00:21:19.581><c>which </c><00:21:19.882><c>is</c>

00:21:20.018 --> 00:21:20.052 align:start position:0%
she wrote, which is
 

00:21:20.052 --> 00:21:21.158 align:start position:0%
she wrote, which is
probably <00:21:20.571><c>what </c><00:21:21.090><c>a</c>

00:21:21.158 --> 00:21:21.192 align:start position:0%
probably what a
 

00:21:21.192 --> 00:21:22.164 align:start position:0%
probably what a
robot <00:21:21.661><c>would </c><00:21:22.130><c>say.</c>

00:21:22.164 --> 00:21:23.225 align:start position:0%
robot would say.
 

00:21:23.225 --> 00:21:23.840 align:start position:0%
 
She <00:21:23.581><c>then</c>

00:21:23.840 --> 00:21:23.872 align:start position:0%
She then
 

00:21:23.872 --> 00:21:25.005 align:start position:0%
She then
threatened <00:21:24.212><c>to </c><00:21:24.552><c>go</c>

00:21:25.005 --> 00:21:25.038 align:start position:0%
threatened to go
 

00:21:25.038 --> 00:21:25.944 align:start position:0%
threatened to go
to <00:21:25.394><c>Google </c><00:21:25.750><c>before</c>

00:21:25.944 --> 00:21:25.977 align:start position:0%
to Google before
 

00:21:25.977 --> 00:21:27.175 align:start position:0%
to Google before
deleting <00:21:26.365><c>her </c><00:21:26.753><c>post.    </c><00:21:27.141><c>It's</c>

00:21:27.175 --> 00:21:27.328 align:start position:0%
deleting her post.    It's
 

00:21:27.328 --> 00:21:28.525 align:start position:0%
deleting her post.    It's
not <00:21:27.910><c>entirely </c><00:21:28.492><c>clear</c>

00:21:28.525 --> 00:21:28.557 align:start position:0%
not entirely clear
 

00:21:28.557 --> 00:21:29.399 align:start position:0%
not entirely clear
who <00:21:28.848><c>exactly </c><00:21:29.139><c>she</c>

00:21:29.399 --> 00:21:29.431 align:start position:0%
who exactly she
 

00:21:29.431 --> 00:21:30.078 align:start position:0%
who exactly she
was trying

00:21:30.078 --> 00:21:30.111 align:start position:0%
was trying
 

00:21:30.111 --> 00:21:31.507 align:start position:0%
was trying
to <00:21:30.555><c>convince.  </c><00:21:30.999><c>State</c>

00:21:31.507 --> 00:21:31.539 align:start position:0%
to convince.  State
 

00:21:31.539 --> 00:21:32.744 align:start position:0%
to convince.  State
intervention <00:21:31.771><c>is </c><00:21:32.003><c>a </c><00:21:32.235><c>real</c>

00:21:32.744 --> 00:21:32.776 align:start position:0%
intervention is a real
 

00:21:32.776 --> 00:21:33.188 align:start position:0%
intervention is a real
and <00:21:32.871><c>well-</c>

00:21:33.188 --> 00:21:33.220 align:start position:0%
and well-
 

00:21:33.220 --> 00:21:34.234 align:start position:0%
and well-
documented

00:21:34.234 --> 00:21:34.266 align:start position:0%
documented
 

00:21:34.266 --> 00:21:35.523 align:start position:0%
documented
fact.  <00:21:34.640><c>But </c><00:21:35.014><c>how </c><00:21:35.388><c>this</c>

00:21:35.523 --> 00:21:35.557 align:start position:0%
fact.  But how this
 

00:21:35.557 --> 00:21:36.708 align:start position:0%
fact.  But how this
affects <00:21:36.234><c>actual</c>

00:21:36.708 --> 00:21:36.742 align:start position:0%
affects actual
 

00:21:36.742 --> 00:21:37.758 align:start position:0%
affects actual
votes <00:21:37.216><c>is</c>

00:21:37.758 --> 00:21:37.792 align:start position:0%
votes is
 

00:21:37.792 --> 00:21:39.408 align:start position:0%
votes is
much <00:21:38.087><c>harder </c><00:21:38.382><c>to </c><00:21:38.677><c>measure.  </c><00:21:38.972><c>Meta </c><00:21:39.267><c>and</c>

00:21:39.408 --> 00:21:39.443 align:start position:0%
much harder to measure.  Meta and
 

00:21:39.443 --> 00:21:40.599 align:start position:0%
much harder to measure.  Meta and
OpenAI <00:21:39.951><c>reported </c><00:21:40.459><c>that</c>

00:21:40.599 --> 00:21:40.634 align:start position:0%
OpenAI reported that
 

00:21:40.634 --> 00:21:41.826 align:start position:0%
OpenAI reported that
Russian <00:21:41.791><c>groups</c>

00:21:41.826 --> 00:21:41.861 align:start position:0%
Russian groups
 

00:21:41.861 --> 00:21:43.087 align:start position:0%
Russian groups
using

00:21:43.087 --> 00:21:43.122 align:start position:0%
using
 

00:21:43.122 --> 00:21:44.279 align:start position:0%
using
AI <00:21:43.630><c>have </c><00:21:44.138><c>largely</c>

00:21:44.279 --> 00:21:44.314 align:start position:0%
AI have largely
 

00:21:44.314 --> 00:21:45.470 align:start position:0%
AI have largely
failed <00:21:44.647><c>to </c><00:21:44.980><c>reach</c>

00:21:45.470 --> 00:21:45.505 align:start position:0%
failed to reach
 

00:21:45.505 --> 00:21:46.627 align:start position:0%
failed to reach
large <00:21:46.591><c>audiences.</c>

00:21:46.627 --> 00:21:47.264 align:start position:0%
large audiences.
 

00:21:47.264 --> 00:21:48.214 align:start position:0%
large audiences.
Governments

00:21:48.214 --> 00:21:48.250 align:start position:0%
Governments
 

00:21:48.250 --> 00:21:49.420 align:start position:0%
Governments
continue <00:21:48.454><c>to </c><00:21:48.658><c>pay </c><00:21:48.862><c>for </c><00:21:49.066><c>it </c><00:21:49.270><c>anyway</c>

00:21:49.420 --> 00:21:49.456 align:start position:0%
continue to pay for it anyway
 

00:21:49.456 --> 00:21:50.881 align:start position:0%
continue to pay for it anyway
, <00:21:50.150><c>which </c><00:21:50.844><c>means</c>

00:21:50.881 --> 00:21:50.918 align:start position:0%
, which means
 

00:21:50.918 --> 00:21:52.343 align:start position:0%
, which means
someone <00:21:51.557><c>thinks </c><00:21:52.196><c>it</c>

00:21:52.343 --> 00:21:52.379 align:start position:0%
someone thinks it
 

00:21:52.379 --> 00:21:54.625 align:start position:0%
someone thinks it
works.  <00:21:53.078><c>And </c><00:21:53.777><c>it's </c><00:21:54.476><c>not</c>

00:21:54.625 --> 00:21:54.662 align:start position:0%
works.  And it's not
 

00:21:54.662 --> 00:21:56.390 align:start position:0%
works.  And it's not
just <00:21:54.864><c>about </c><00:21:55.066><c>Russia.  </c><00:21:55.268><c>A </c><00:21:55.470><c>2019 </c><00:21:55.672><c>report </c><00:21:55.874><c>by </c><00:21:56.076><c>the</c>

00:21:56.390 --> 00:21:56.429 align:start position:0%
just about Russia.  A 2019 report by the
 

00:21:56.429 --> 00:21:57.437 align:start position:0%
just about Russia.  A 2019 report by the
Oxford

00:21:57.437 --> 00:21:57.476 align:start position:0%
Oxford
 

00:21:57.476 --> 00:21:58.833 align:start position:0%
Oxford
Internet <00:21:58.135><c>Institute</c>

00:21:58.833 --> 00:21:58.872 align:start position:0%
Internet Institute
 

00:21:58.872 --> 00:21:59.997 align:start position:0%
Internet Institute
found

00:21:59.997 --> 00:22:00.035 align:start position:0%
found
 

00:22:00.035 --> 00:22:00.966 align:start position:0%
found
organized

00:22:00.966 --> 00:22:01.005 align:start position:0%
organized
 

00:22:01.005 --> 00:22:01.974 align:start position:0%
organized
manipulation <00:22:01.897><c>on</c>

00:22:01.974 --> 00:22:02.013 align:start position:0%
manipulation on
 

00:22:02.013 --> 00:22:03.022 align:start position:0%
manipulation on
social <00:22:02.323><c>media </c><00:22:02.633><c>in </c><00:22:02.943><c>70</c>

00:22:03.022 --> 00:22:03.060 align:start position:0%
social media in 70
 

00:22:03.060 --> 00:22:04.534 align:start position:0%
social media in 70
countries, <00:22:03.360><c>with </c><00:22:03.660><c>Facebook </c><00:22:03.960><c>and </c><00:22:04.260><c>Twitter</c>

00:22:04.534 --> 00:22:04.573 align:start position:0%
countries, with Facebook and Twitter
 

00:22:04.573 --> 00:22:06.047 align:start position:0%
countries, with Facebook and Twitter
tracing <00:22:06.008><c>campaigns</c>

00:22:06.047 --> 00:22:06.085 align:start position:0%
tracing campaigns
 

00:22:06.085 --> 00:22:07.055 align:start position:0%
tracing campaigns
targeting

00:22:07.055 --> 00:22:07.094 align:start position:0%
targeting
 

00:22:07.094 --> 00:22:08.490 align:start position:0%
targeting
foreign <00:22:08.451><c>audiences</c>

00:22:08.490 --> 00:22:08.529 align:start position:0%
foreign audiences
 

00:22:08.529 --> 00:22:10.041 align:start position:0%
foreign audiences
to <00:22:08.753><c>governments </c><00:22:08.977><c>in </c><00:22:09.201><c>countries </c><00:22:09.425><c>such </c><00:22:09.649><c>as</c>

00:22:10.041 --> 00:22:11.282 align:start position:0%
to governments in countries such as
China, <00:22:10.584><c>Iran, </c><00:22:11.127><c>and</c>

00:22:11.282 --> 00:22:11.321 align:start position:0%
China, Iran, and
 

00:22:11.321 --> 00:22:13.377 align:start position:0%
China, Iran, and
Saudi <00:22:12.313><c>Arabia.  </c><00:22:13.305><c>In</c>

00:22:13.377 --> 00:22:13.414 align:start position:0%
Saudi Arabia.  In
 

00:22:13.414 --> 00:22:14.725 align:start position:0%
Saudi Arabia.  In
25 <00:22:13.650><c>of </c><00:22:13.886><c>these </c><00:22:14.122><c>countries, </c><00:22:14.358><c>governments</c>

00:22:14.725 --> 00:22:14.762 align:start position:0%
25 of these countries, governments
 

00:22:14.762 --> 00:22:15.891 align:start position:0%
25 of these countries, governments
hired <00:22:15.308><c>private</c>

00:22:15.891 --> 00:22:15.928 align:start position:0%
hired private
 

00:22:15.928 --> 00:22:16.584 align:start position:0%
hired private
firms <00:22:16.365><c>to</c>

00:22:16.584 --> 00:22:16.620 align:start position:0%
firms to
 

00:22:16.620 --> 00:22:17.822 align:start position:0%
firms to
offer <00:22:17.677><c>what</c>

00:22:17.822 --> 00:22:17.859 align:start position:0%
offer what
 

00:22:17.859 --> 00:22:19.243 align:start position:0%
offer what
the <00:22:18.296><c>researchers </c><00:22:18.733><c>called </c><00:22:19.170><c>“</c>

00:22:19.243 --> 00:22:20.264 align:start position:0%
the researchers called “
computational

00:22:20.264 --> 00:22:20.300 align:start position:0%
computational
 

00:22:20.300 --> 00:22:21.284 align:start position:0%
computational
propaganda <00:22:20.719><c>as </c><00:22:21.138><c>a</c>

00:22:21.284 --> 00:22:21.320 align:start position:0%
propaganda as a
 

00:22:21.320 --> 00:22:23.995 align:start position:0%
propaganda as a
service.”  <00:22:22.120><c>Someone </c><00:22:22.920><c>somewhere </c><00:22:23.720><c>is</c>

00:22:23.995 --> 00:22:24.029 align:start position:0%
service.”  Someone somewhere is
 

00:22:24.029 --> 00:22:25.327 align:start position:0%
service.”  Someone somewhere is
billing <00:22:25.190><c>for</c>

00:22:25.327 --> 00:22:25.361 align:start position:0%
billing for
 

00:22:25.361 --> 00:22:27.292 align:start position:0%
billing for
this.  <00:22:26.807><c>Western</c>

00:22:27.292 --> 00:22:27.327 align:start position:0%
this.  Western
 

00:22:27.327 --> 00:22:28.436 align:start position:0%
this.  Western
democracies <00:22:27.650><c>are </c><00:22:27.973><c>also </c><00:22:28.296><c>not</c>

00:22:28.436 --> 00:22:28.471 align:start position:0%
democracies are also not
 

00:22:28.471 --> 00:22:29.511 align:start position:0%
democracies are also not
standing <00:22:28.973><c>aside.    </c><00:22:29.475><c>The</c>

00:22:29.511 --> 00:22:30.177 align:start position:0%
standing aside.    The
 

00:22:30.177 --> 00:22:31.347 align:start position:0%
standing aside.    The
Oxford <00:22:31.063><c>report</c>

00:22:31.347 --> 00:22:31.382 align:start position:0%
Oxford report
 

00:22:31.382 --> 00:22:32.481 align:start position:0%
Oxford report
mentions <00:22:31.497><c>a </c><00:22:31.612><c>unit </c><00:22:31.727><c>of </c><00:22:31.842><c>the</c>

00:22:32.481 --> 00:22:32.517 align:start position:0%
mentions a unit of the
 

00:22:32.517 --> 00:22:33.828 align:start position:0%
mentions a unit of the
British

00:22:33.828 --> 00:22:33.864 align:start position:0%
British
 

00:22:33.864 --> 00:22:35.247 align:start position:0%
British
Government <00:22:34.313><c>Communications </c><00:22:34.762><c>Headquarters </c><00:22:35.211><c>(GCHQ)</c>

00:22:35.247 --> 00:22:36.275 align:start position:0%
Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ)
that <00:22:35.637><c>created</c>

00:22:36.275 --> 00:22:36.310 align:start position:0%
that created
 

00:22:36.310 --> 00:22:37.658 align:start position:0%
that created
Facebook <00:22:36.806><c>groups </c><00:22:37.302><c>and</c>

00:22:37.658 --> 00:22:37.693 align:start position:0%
Facebook groups and
 

00:22:37.693 --> 00:22:38.828 align:start position:0%
Facebook groups and
YouTube <00:22:37.858><c>videos </c><00:22:38.023><c>designed </c><00:22:38.188><c>to</c>

00:22:38.828 --> 00:22:38.863 align:start position:0%
YouTube videos designed to
 

00:22:38.863 --> 00:22:39.891 align:start position:0%
YouTube videos designed to
discredit,

00:22:39.891 --> 00:22:39.927 align:start position:0%
discredit,
 

00:22:39.927 --> 00:22:40.920 align:start position:0%
discredit,
sow <00:22:40.884><c>distrust,</c>

00:22:40.920 --> 00:22:40.955 align:start position:0%
sow distrust,
 

00:22:40.955 --> 00:22:41.700 align:start position:0%
sow distrust,
deny,

00:22:41.700 --> 00:22:41.735 align:start position:0%
deny,
 

00:22:41.735 --> 00:22:42.480 align:start position:0%
deny,
deter,

00:22:42.480 --> 00:22:42.515 align:start position:0%
deter,
 

00:22:42.515 --> 00:22:43.472 align:start position:0%
deter,
delay <00:22:43.331><c>and</c>

00:22:43.472 --> 00:22:43.508 align:start position:0%
delay and
 

00:22:43.508 --> 00:22:44.875 align:start position:0%
delay and
destroy.  <00:22:43.851><c>It's </c><00:22:44.194><c>like </c><00:22:44.537><c>a</c>

00:22:44.875 --> 00:22:44.909 align:start position:0%
destroy.  It's like a
 

00:22:44.909 --> 00:22:46.193 align:start position:0%
destroy.  It's like a
mission <00:22:45.314><c>written </c><00:22:45.719><c>by</c>

00:22:46.193 --> 00:22:46.227 align:start position:0%
mission written by
 

00:22:46.227 --> 00:22:47.072 align:start position:0%
mission written by
someone <00:22:46.480><c>who </c><00:22:46.733><c>just</c>

00:22:47.072 --> 00:22:47.105 align:start position:0%
someone who just
 

00:22:47.105 --> 00:22:48.119 align:start position:0%
someone who just
discovered

00:22:48.119 --> 00:22:48.153 align:start position:0%
discovered
 

00:22:48.153 --> 00:22:49.366 align:start position:0%
discovered
the <00:22:48.372><c>letter </c><00:22:48.591><c>"D."  </c><00:22:48.810><c>The </c><00:22:49.029><c>report</c>

00:22:49.366 --> 00:22:49.400 align:start position:0%
the letter "D."  The report
 

00:22:49.400 --> 00:22:50.444 align:start position:0%
the letter "D."  The report
also <00:22:49.585><c>mentions </c><00:22:49.770><c>a</c>

00:22:50.444 --> 00:22:50.478 align:start position:0%
also mentions a
 

00:22:50.478 --> 00:22:51.421 align:start position:0%
also mentions a
USAID <00:22:50.882><c>program </c><00:22:51.286><c>that</c>

00:22:51.421 --> 00:22:51.455 align:start position:0%
USAID program that
 

00:22:51.455 --> 00:22:52.499 align:start position:0%
USAID program that
created <00:22:51.741><c>a </c><00:22:52.027><c>fake</c>

00:22:52.499 --> 00:22:52.532 align:start position:0%
created a fake
 

00:22:52.532 --> 00:22:53.745 align:start position:0%
created a fake
social <00:22:53.071><c>network </c><00:22:53.610><c>in</c>

00:22:53.745 --> 00:22:53.778 align:start position:0%
social network in
 

00:22:53.778 --> 00:22:54.991 align:start position:0%
social network in
Cuba <00:22:54.351><c>called </c><00:22:54.924><c>"</c>

00:22:54.991 --> 00:22:56.304 align:start position:0%
Cuba called "
Cuban <00:22:55.698><c>Twitter</c>

00:22:56.304 --> 00:22:57.214 align:start position:0%
Cuban Twitter
," <00:22:56.624><c>back </c><00:22:56.944><c>when</c>

00:22:57.214 --> 00:22:57.247 align:start position:0%
," back when
 

00:22:57.247 --> 00:22:58.359 align:start position:0%
," back when
Twitter <00:22:57.500><c>was </c><00:22:57.753><c>called</c>

00:22:58.359 --> 00:22:58.393 align:start position:0%
Twitter was called
 

00:22:58.393 --> 00:23:00.017 align:start position:0%
Twitter was called
Twitter.  <00:22:58.790><c>It </c><00:22:59.187><c>seems </c><00:22:59.584><c>like </c><00:22:59.981><c>it</c>

00:23:00.017 --> 00:23:00.050 align:start position:0%
Twitter.  It seems like it
 

00:23:00.050 --> 00:23:01.114 align:start position:0%
Twitter.  It seems like it
started <00:23:00.981><c>with</c>

00:23:01.114 --> 00:23:01.147 align:start position:0%
started with
 

00:23:01.147 --> 00:23:02.177 align:start position:0%
started with
sports, <00:23:01.595><c>music, </c><00:23:02.043><c>and</c>

00:23:02.177 --> 00:23:02.210 align:start position:0%
sports, music, and
 

00:23:02.210 --> 00:23:03.041 align:start position:0%
sports, music, and
weather, <00:23:02.398><c>and </c><00:23:02.586><c>the </c><00:23:02.774><c>plan</c>

00:23:03.041 --> 00:23:03.074 align:start position:0%
weather, and the plan
 

00:23:03.074 --> 00:23:04.204 align:start position:0%
weather, and the plan
was <00:23:04.004><c>to</c>

00:23:04.204 --> 00:23:04.237 align:start position:0%
was to
 

00:23:04.237 --> 00:23:05.466 align:start position:0%
was to
add <00:23:04.802><c>political</c>

00:23:05.466 --> 00:23:05.500 align:start position:0%
add political
 

00:23:05.500 --> 00:23:06.762 align:start position:0%
add political
content <00:23:05.788><c>after </c><00:23:06.076><c>building </c><00:23:06.364><c>an</c>

00:23:06.762 --> 00:23:06.796 align:start position:0%
content after building an
 

00:23:06.796 --> 00:23:08.058 align:start position:0%
content after building an
audience, <00:23:07.083><c>which, </c><00:23:07.370><c>let's </c><00:23:07.657><c>be</c>

00:23:08.058 --> 00:23:08.091 align:start position:0%
audience, which, let's be
 

00:23:08.091 --> 00:23:09.321 align:start position:0%
audience, which, let's be
honest, <00:23:08.456><c>sounds </c><00:23:08.821><c>like </c><00:23:09.186><c>a</c>

00:23:09.321 --> 00:23:09.354 align:start position:0%
honest, sounds like a
 

00:23:09.354 --> 00:23:10.451 align:start position:0%
honest, sounds like a
significant <00:23:09.570><c>improvement </c><00:23:09.786><c>over</c>

00:23:10.451 --> 00:23:10.484 align:start position:0%
significant improvement over
 

00:23:10.484 --> 00:23:11.747 align:start position:0%
significant improvement over
regular <00:23:11.713><c>Twitter.</c>

00:23:11.747 --> 00:23:12.448 align:start position:0%
regular Twitter.
 

00:23:12.448 --> 00:23:13.304 align:start position:0%
regular Twitter.
At <00:23:12.697><c>its </c><00:23:12.946><c>peak,</c>

00:23:13.304 --> 00:23:13.340 align:start position:0%
At its peak,
 

00:23:13.340 --> 00:23:14.410 align:start position:0%
At its peak,
it <00:23:14.196><c>had</c>

00:23:14.410 --> 00:23:14.446 align:start position:0%
it had
 

00:23:14.446 --> 00:23:15.195 align:start position:0%
it had
about <00:23:15.088><c>40,000</c>

00:23:15.195 --> 00:23:15.231 align:start position:0%
about 40,000
 

00:23:15.231 --> 00:23:16.623 align:start position:0%
about 40,000
users, <00:23:15.576><c>and </c><00:23:15.921><c>then </c><00:23:16.266><c>the</c>

00:23:16.623 --> 00:23:16.658 align:start position:0%
users, and then the
 

00:23:16.658 --> 00:23:19.133 align:start position:0%
users, and then the
money <00:23:17.245><c>ran </c><00:23:17.832><c>out.  </c><00:23:18.419><c>Up </c><00:23:19.006><c>until</c>

00:23:19.133 --> 00:23:19.164 align:start position:0%
money ran out.  Up until
 

00:23:19.164 --> 00:23:20.161 align:start position:0%
money ran out.  Up until
this <00:23:19.569><c>point, </c><00:23:19.974><c>all</c>

00:23:20.161 --> 00:23:20.192 align:start position:0%
this point, all
 

00:23:20.192 --> 00:23:21.252 align:start position:0%
this point, all
the <00:23:20.348><c>characters </c><00:23:20.504><c>in </c><00:23:20.660><c>this </c><00:23:20.816><c>story</c>

00:23:21.252 --> 00:23:21.283 align:start position:0%
the characters in this story
 

00:23:21.283 --> 00:23:22.436 align:start position:0%
the characters in this story
have <00:23:21.401><c>worked </c><00:23:21.519><c>for </c><00:23:21.637><c>at </c><00:23:21.755><c>least </c><00:23:21.873><c>one</c>

00:23:22.436 --> 00:23:22.467 align:start position:0%
have worked for at least one
 

00:23:22.467 --> 00:23:23.558 align:start position:0%
have worked for at least one
government, <00:23:22.724><c>but </c><00:23:22.981><c>some </c><00:23:23.238><c>of </c><00:23:23.495><c>the</c>

00:23:23.558 --> 00:23:23.589 align:start position:0%
government, but some of the
 

00:23:23.589 --> 00:23:24.336 align:start position:0%
government, but some of the
angriest

00:23:24.336 --> 00:23:24.368 align:start position:0%
angriest
 

00:23:24.368 --> 00:23:25.552 align:start position:0%
angriest
political <00:23:24.741><c>voices </c><00:23:25.114><c>on </c><00:23:25.487><c>the</c>

00:23:25.552 --> 00:23:25.583 align:start position:0%
political voices on the
 

00:23:25.583 --> 00:23:26.299 align:start position:0%
political voices on the
internet <00:23:26.175><c>don't</c>

00:23:26.299 --> 00:23:26.331 align:start position:0%
internet don't
 

00:23:26.331 --> 00:23:27.328 align:start position:0%
internet don't
work <00:23:26.673><c>for </c><00:23:27.015><c>any</c>

00:23:27.328 --> 00:23:27.359 align:start position:0%
work for any
 

00:23:27.359 --> 00:23:28.262 align:start position:0%
work for any
government <00:23:27.618><c>and </c><00:23:27.877><c>don't </c><00:23:28.136><c>even</c>

00:23:28.262 --> 00:23:28.294 align:start position:0%
government and don't even
 

00:23:28.294 --> 00:23:29.509 align:start position:0%
government and don't even
care <00:23:29.322><c>who</c>

00:23:29.509 --> 00:23:29.540 align:start position:0%
care who
 

00:23:29.540 --> 00:23:31.815 align:start position:0%
care who
wins.  <00:23:31.292><c>Last</c>

00:23:31.815 --> 00:23:31.847 align:start position:0%
wins.  Last
 

00:23:31.847 --> 00:23:32.926 align:start position:0%
wins.  Last
November, <00:23:32.468><c>Twitter</c>

00:23:32.926 --> 00:23:32.959 align:start position:0%
November, Twitter
 

00:23:32.959 --> 00:23:34.136 align:start position:0%
November, Twitter
introduced <00:23:33.531><c>a </c><00:23:34.103><c>feature</c>

00:23:34.136 --> 00:23:34.168 align:start position:0%
introduced a feature
 

00:23:34.168 --> 00:23:35.182 align:start position:0%
introduced a feature
that <00:23:35.116><c>showed</c>

00:23:35.182 --> 00:23:35.214 align:start position:0%
that showed
 

00:23:35.214 --> 00:23:35.901 align:start position:0%
that showed
which <00:23:35.509><c>country</c>

00:23:35.901 --> 00:23:35.934 align:start position:0%
which country
 

00:23:35.934 --> 00:23:36.849 align:start position:0%
which country


00:23:36.849 --> 00:23:36.882 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:23:36.882 --> 00:23:39.344 align:start position:0%
 
an <00:23:37.259><c>account </c><00:23:37.636><c>was </c><00:23:38.013><c>registered </c><00:23:38.390><c>in.  </c><00:23:38.767><c>Within </c><00:23:39.144><c>days,</c>

00:23:39.344 --> 00:23:39.377 align:start position:0%
an account was registered in.  Within days,
 

00:23:39.377 --> 00:23:40.336 align:start position:0%
an account was registered in.  Within days,
people <00:23:39.790><c>discovered </c><00:23:40.203><c>that</c>

00:23:40.336 --> 00:23:40.369 align:start position:0%
people discovered that
 

00:23:40.369 --> 00:23:41.594 align:start position:0%
people discovered that
some <00:23:40.766><c>of </c><00:23:41.163><c>the </c><00:23:41.560><c>loudest,</c>

00:23:41.594 --> 00:23:41.627 align:start position:0%
some of the loudest,
 

00:23:41.627 --> 00:23:42.884 align:start position:0%
some of the loudest,
most <00:23:42.818><c>“patriotic”</c>

00:23:42.884 --> 00:23:42.917 align:start position:0%
most “patriotic”
 

00:23:42.917 --> 00:23:43.777 align:start position:0%
most “patriotic”
American

00:23:43.777 --> 00:23:43.811 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:23:43.811 --> 00:23:45.035 align:start position:0%
American
political <00:23:44.505><c>accounts</c>

00:23:45.035 --> 00:23:45.068 align:start position:0%
political accounts
 

00:23:45.068 --> 00:23:45.829 align:start position:0%
political accounts
on <00:23:45.123><c>the </c><00:23:45.178><c>platform </c><00:23:45.233><c>were</c>

00:23:45.829 --> 00:23:45.862 align:start position:0%
on the platform were
 

00:23:45.862 --> 00:23:47.086 align:start position:0%
on the platform were
being <00:23:46.259><c>run </c><00:23:46.656><c>from </c><00:23:47.053><c>Nigeria,</c>

00:23:47.086 --> 00:23:47.119 align:start position:0%
being run from Nigeria,
 

00:23:47.119 --> 00:23:48.377 align:start position:0%
being run from Nigeria,
Bangladesh, <00:23:47.516><c>and </c><00:23:47.913><c>Eastern</c>

00:23:48.377 --> 00:23:48.410 align:start position:0%
Bangladesh, and Eastern
 

00:23:48.410 --> 00:23:49.568 align:start position:0%
Bangladesh, and Eastern
Europe, <00:23:48.588><c>and </c><00:23:48.766><c>this </c><00:23:48.944><c>was </c><00:23:49.122><c>not </c><00:23:49.300><c>a</c>

00:23:49.568 --> 00:23:49.601 align:start position:0%
Europe, and this was not a
 

00:23:49.601 --> 00:23:50.825 align:start position:0%
Europe, and this was not a
politically <00:23:50.230><c>one-sided</c>

00:23:50.825 --> 00:23:50.858 align:start position:0%
politically one-sided
 

00:23:50.858 --> 00:23:53.168 align:start position:0%
politically one-sided
phenomenon.  <00:23:53.098><c>The</c>

00:23:53.168 --> 00:23:54.467 align:start position:0%
phenomenon.  The
Republicans <00:23:54.116><c>Against</c>

00:23:54.467 --> 00:23:54.502 align:start position:0%
Republicans Against
 

00:23:54.502 --> 00:23:55.591 align:start position:0%
Republicans Against
Trump <00:23:54.607><c>account </c><00:23:54.712><c>turned </c><00:23:54.817><c>out </c><00:23:54.922><c>to </c><00:23:55.027><c>be</c>

00:23:55.591 --> 00:23:55.626 align:start position:0%
Trump account turned out to be
 

00:23:55.626 --> 00:23:56.750 align:start position:0%
Trump account turned out to be
operating <00:23:56.679><c>from</c>

00:23:56.750 --> 00:23:56.785 align:start position:0%
operating from
 

00:23:56.785 --> 00:23:57.592 align:start position:0%
operating from
Austria, <00:23:56.951><c>which </c><00:23:57.117><c>is </c><00:23:57.283><c>a </c><00:23:57.449><c>bit</c>

00:23:57.592 --> 00:23:57.627 align:start position:0%
Austria, which is a bit
 

00:23:57.627 --> 00:23:58.681 align:start position:0%
Austria, which is a bit
far <00:23:57.884><c>away </c><00:23:58.141><c>when </c><00:23:58.398><c>it</c>

00:23:58.681 --> 00:23:58.716 align:start position:0%
far away when it
 

00:23:58.716 --> 00:23:59.383 align:start position:0%
far away when it
comes <00:23:58.944><c>time </c><00:23:59.172><c>to</c>

00:23:59.383 --> 00:23:59.418 align:start position:0%
comes time to
 

00:23:59.418 --> 00:24:01.928 align:start position:0%
comes time to
vote.  <00:24:00.170><c>So </c><00:24:00.922><c>why </c><00:24:01.674><c>does</c>

00:24:01.928 --> 00:24:01.960 align:start position:0%
vote.  So why does
 

00:24:01.960 --> 00:24:03.073 align:start position:0%
vote.  So why does
anyone <00:24:02.421><c>in </c><00:24:02.882><c>Lagos</c>

00:24:03.073 --> 00:24:03.105 align:start position:0%
anyone in Lagos
 

00:24:03.105 --> 00:24:03.899 align:start position:0%
anyone in Lagos
care <00:24:03.242><c>so </c><00:24:03.379><c>much </c><00:24:03.516><c>about</c>

00:24:03.899 --> 00:24:03.931 align:start position:0%
care so much about
 

00:24:03.931 --> 00:24:04.694 align:start position:0%
care so much about
American

00:24:04.694 --> 00:24:04.726 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:24:04.726 --> 00:24:06.722 align:start position:0%
American
politics?  <00:24:05.658><c>Or, </c><00:24:06.590><c>for</c>

00:24:06.722 --> 00:24:06.755 align:start position:0%
politics?  Or, for
 

00:24:06.755 --> 00:24:08.002 align:start position:0%
politics?  Or, for
that <00:24:07.181><c>matter, </c><00:24:07.607><c>why</c>

00:24:08.002 --> 00:24:08.035 align:start position:0%
that matter, why
 

00:24:08.035 --> 00:24:08.922 align:start position:0%
that matter, why
should <00:24:08.207><c>anyone </c><00:24:08.379><c>in </c><00:24:08.551><c>Sri </c><00:24:08.723><c>Lanka</c>

00:24:08.922 --> 00:24:08.954 align:start position:0%
should anyone in Sri Lanka
 

00:24:08.954 --> 00:24:10.235 align:start position:0%
should anyone in Sri Lanka
care <00:24:09.266><c>about </c><00:24:09.578><c>British</c>

00:24:10.235 --> 00:24:10.268 align:start position:0%
care about British
 

00:24:10.268 --> 00:24:11.056 align:start position:0%
care about British
immigration

00:24:11.056 --> 00:24:11.088 align:start position:0%
immigration
 

00:24:11.088 --> 00:24:13.329 align:start position:0%
immigration
policy?  <00:24:12.143><c>A </c><00:24:13.198><c>YouTuber</c>

00:24:13.329 --> 00:24:13.362 align:start position:0%
policy?  A YouTuber
 

00:24:13.362 --> 00:24:14.081 align:start position:0%
policy?  A YouTuber
named <00:24:13.624><c>Christophe</c>

00:24:14.081 --> 00:24:14.114 align:start position:0%
named Christophe
 

00:24:14.114 --> 00:24:15.128 align:start position:0%
named Christophe
spent <00:24:14.735><c>months</c>

00:24:15.128 --> 00:24:15.160 align:start position:0%
spent months
 

00:24:15.160 --> 00:24:16.043 align:start position:0%
spent months
researching <00:24:15.716><c>this</c>

00:24:16.043 --> 00:24:16.076 align:start position:0%
researching this
 

00:24:16.076 --> 00:24:17.351 align:start position:0%
researching this
question, <00:24:16.283><c>and </c><00:24:16.490><c>the </c><00:24:16.697><c>answer</c>

00:24:17.351 --> 00:24:17.383 align:start position:0%
question, and the answer
 

00:24:17.383 --> 00:24:18.528 align:start position:0%
question, and the answer
turned <00:24:17.538><c>out </c><00:24:17.693><c>to </c><00:24:17.848><c>be </c><00:24:18.003><c>ad</c>

00:24:18.528 --> 00:24:18.560 align:start position:0%
turned out to be ad
 

00:24:18.560 --> 00:24:20.928 align:start position:0%
turned out to be ad
rates.  <00:24:19.074><c>A </c><00:24:19.588><c>report </c><00:24:20.102><c>by </c><00:24:20.616><c>the</c>

00:24:20.928 --> 00:24:20.967 align:start position:0%
rates.  A report by the
 

00:24:20.967 --> 00:24:21.664 align:start position:0%
rates.  A report by the
Institute for

00:24:21.664 --> 00:24:21.702 align:start position:0%
Institute for
 

00:24:21.702 --> 00:24:22.709 align:start position:0%
Institute for
Strategic

00:24:22.709 --> 00:24:22.747 align:start position:0%
Strategic
 

00:24:22.747 --> 00:24:24.179 align:start position:0%
Strategic
Dialogue, <00:24:24.102><c>titled</c>

00:24:24.179 --> 00:24:25.379 align:start position:0%
Dialogue, titled
Hate <00:24:24.915><c>for</c>

00:24:25.379 --> 00:24:25.418 align:start position:0%
Hate for
 

00:24:25.418 --> 00:24:26.773 align:start position:0%
Hate for
Profit, <00:24:26.037><c>identified </c><00:24:26.656><c>128</c>

00:24:26.773 --> 00:24:28.011 align:start position:0%
Profit, identified 128
 

00:24:28.011 --> 00:24:28.050 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:24:28.050 --> 00:24:29.559 align:start position:0%
 
Facebook <00:24:28.159><c>pages </c><00:24:28.268><c>and </c><00:24:28.377><c>groups </c><00:24:28.486><c>that </c><00:24:28.595><c>were </c><00:24:28.704><c>posting</c>

00:24:29.559 --> 00:24:29.598 align:start position:0%
Facebook pages and groups that were posting
 

00:24:29.598 --> 00:24:30.837 align:start position:0%
Facebook pages and groups that were posting
anti-immigrant

00:24:30.837 --> 00:24:30.875 align:start position:0%
anti-immigrant
 

00:24:30.875 --> 00:24:31.688 align:start position:0%
anti-immigrant
content <00:24:31.165><c>to </c><00:24:31.455><c>a</c>

00:24:31.688 --> 00:24:31.727 align:start position:0%
content to a
 

00:24:31.727 --> 00:24:32.578 align:start position:0%
content to a
British

00:24:32.578 --> 00:24:32.617 align:start position:0%
British
 

00:24:32.617 --> 00:24:33.778 align:start position:0%
British
audience, <00:24:33.004><c>with </c><00:24:33.391><c>a</c>

00:24:33.778 --> 00:24:33.817 align:start position:0%
audience, with a
 

00:24:33.817 --> 00:24:35.172 align:start position:0%
audience, with a
total <00:24:34.062><c>of </c><00:24:34.307><c>1.6 </c><00:24:34.552><c>million</c>

00:24:35.172 --> 00:24:35.210 align:start position:0%
total of 1.6 million
 

00:24:35.210 --> 00:24:37.540 align:start position:0%
total of 1.6 million
followers.  <00:24:36.241><c>They </c><00:24:37.272><c>all</c>

00:24:37.540 --> 00:24:37.573 align:start position:0%
followers.  They all
 

00:24:37.573 --> 00:24:38.871 align:start position:0%
followers.  They all
led <00:24:37.872><c>to </c><00:24:38.171><c>one </c><00:24:38.470><c>man</c>

00:24:38.871 --> 00:24:38.904 align:start position:0%
led to one man
 

00:24:38.904 --> 00:24:40.202 align:start position:0%
led to one man
in <00:24:39.097><c>Sri </c><00:24:39.290><c>Lanka </c><00:24:39.483><c>who </c><00:24:39.676><c>runs </c><00:24:39.869><c>an</c>

00:24:40.202 --> 00:24:40.236 align:start position:0%
in Sri Lanka who runs an
 

00:24:40.236 --> 00:24:41.467 align:start position:0%
in Sri Lanka who runs an
online <00:24:40.602><c>academy </c><00:24:40.968><c>where </c><00:24:41.334><c>he</c>

00:24:41.467 --> 00:24:41.500 align:start position:0%
online academy where he
 

00:24:41.500 --> 00:24:42.465 align:start position:0%
online academy where he
teaches <00:24:41.622><c>students </c><00:24:41.744><c>how </c><00:24:41.866><c>to</c>

00:24:42.465 --> 00:24:42.499 align:start position:0%
teaches students how to
 

00:24:42.499 --> 00:24:43.630 align:start position:0%
teaches students how to
make <00:24:42.998><c>money </c><00:24:43.497><c>from</c>

00:24:43.630 --> 00:24:43.664 align:start position:0%
make money from
 

00:24:43.664 --> 00:24:44.895 align:start position:0%
make money from
political <00:24:44.828><c>“throwbacks”</c>

00:24:44.895 --> 00:24:44.928 align:start position:0%
political “throwbacks”
 

00:24:44.928 --> 00:24:45.893 align:start position:0%
political “throwbacks”
and <00:24:45.095><c>inciting</c>

00:24:45.893 --> 00:24:45.927 align:start position:0%
and inciting
 

00:24:45.927 --> 00:24:48.016 align:start position:0%
and inciting
hatred <00:24:46.600><c>on </c><00:24:47.273><c>Facebook.  </c><00:24:47.946><c>In</c>

00:24:48.016 --> 00:24:48.051 align:start position:0%
hatred on Facebook.  In
 

00:24:48.051 --> 00:24:49.135 align:start position:0%
hatred on Facebook.  In
his <00:24:48.436><c>educational</c>

00:24:49.135 --> 00:24:49.170 align:start position:0%
his educational
 

00:24:49.170 --> 00:24:50.499 align:start position:0%
his educational
videos, <00:24:49.566><c>he </c><00:24:49.962><c>explains </c><00:24:50.358><c>that</c>

00:24:50.499 --> 00:24:50.534 align:start position:0%
videos, he explains that
 

00:24:50.534 --> 00:24:51.688 align:start position:0%
videos, he explains that
politics <00:24:50.907><c>is </c><00:24:51.280><c>the </c><00:24:51.653><c>niche</c>

00:24:51.688 --> 00:24:51.723 align:start position:0%
politics is the niche
 

00:24:51.723 --> 00:24:52.911 align:start position:0%
politics is the niche
that <00:24:51.950><c>goes </c><00:24:52.177><c>viral </c><00:24:52.404><c>the </c><00:24:52.631><c>fastest</c>

00:24:52.911 --> 00:24:52.946 align:start position:0%
that goes viral the fastest
 

00:24:52.946 --> 00:24:54.634 align:start position:0%
that goes viral the fastest
.  <00:24:54.315><c>Charlie</c>

00:24:54.634 --> 00:24:54.665 align:start position:0%
.  Charlie
 

00:24:54.665 --> 00:24:55.686 align:start position:0%
.  Charlie
Munger <00:24:55.431><c>once</c>

00:24:55.686 --> 00:24:55.718 align:start position:0%
Munger once
 

00:24:55.718 --> 00:24:56.643 align:start position:0%
Munger once
aptly <00:24:56.148><c>said: </c><00:24:56.578><c>"</c>

00:24:56.643 --> 00:24:57.441 align:start position:0%
aptly said: "
Show <00:24:56.914><c>me </c><00:24:57.185><c>the</c>

00:24:57.441 --> 00:24:57.473 align:start position:0%
Show me the
 

00:24:57.473 --> 00:24:58.557 align:start position:0%
Show me the
incentives <00:24:57.707><c>and </c><00:24:57.941><c>I'll </c><00:24:58.175><c>show</c>

00:24:58.557 --> 00:24:58.589 align:start position:0%
incentives and I'll show
 

00:24:58.589 --> 00:25:00.344 align:start position:0%
incentives and I'll show
you <00:24:59.150><c>the </c><00:24:59.711><c>results."  </c><00:25:00.272><c>And</c>

00:25:00.344 --> 00:25:00.379 align:start position:0%
you the results."  And
 

00:25:00.379 --> 00:25:01.744 align:start position:0%
you the results."  And
the <00:25:00.600><c>economics </c><00:25:00.821><c>of </c><00:25:01.042><c>political</c>

00:25:01.744 --> 00:25:01.779 align:start position:0%
the economics of political
 

00:25:01.779 --> 00:25:02.794 align:start position:0%
the economics of political
"throwbacks" <00:25:02.076><c>are </c><00:25:02.373><c>quite</c>

00:25:02.794 --> 00:25:02.829 align:start position:0%
"throwbacks" are quite
 

00:25:02.829 --> 00:25:03.284 align:start position:0%
"throwbacks" are quite
simple.    <00:25:03.249><c>A</c>

00:25:03.284 --> 00:25:04.539 align:start position:0%
simple.    A
 

00:25:04.539 --> 00:25:05.904 align:start position:0%
 
Pakistani <00:25:05.484><c>YouTuber</c>

00:25:05.904 --> 00:25:05.939 align:start position:0%
Pakistani YouTuber
 

00:25:05.939 --> 00:25:07.304 align:start position:0%
Pakistani YouTuber
told <00:25:06.551><c>Christophe </c><00:25:07.163><c>that</c>

00:25:07.304 --> 00:25:07.339 align:start position:0%
told Christophe that
 

00:25:07.339 --> 00:25:08.494 align:start position:0%
told Christophe that
a <00:25:07.566><c>thousand </c><00:25:07.793><c>views</c>

00:25:08.494 --> 00:25:08.529 align:start position:0%
a thousand views
 

00:25:08.529 --> 00:25:09.684 align:start position:0%
a thousand views
from <00:25:08.651><c>a </c><00:25:08.773><c>Pakistani</c>

00:25:09.684 --> 00:25:09.719 align:start position:0%
from a Pakistani
 

00:25:09.719 --> 00:25:11.014 align:start position:0%
from a Pakistani
audience <00:25:10.384><c>earns</c>

00:25:11.014 --> 00:25:11.049 align:start position:0%
audience earns
 

00:25:11.049 --> 00:25:12.100 align:start position:0%
audience earns
the <00:25:11.376><c>creator </c><00:25:11.703><c>about </c><00:25:12.030><c>40</c>

00:25:12.100 --> 00:25:12.135 align:start position:0%
the creator about 40
 

00:25:12.135 --> 00:25:13.080 align:start position:0%
the creator about 40
cents, <00:25:12.940><c>while</c>

00:25:13.080 --> 00:25:13.115 align:start position:0%
cents, while
 

00:25:13.115 --> 00:25:14.445 align:start position:0%
cents, while
a <00:25:13.511><c>thousand </c><00:25:13.907><c>views </c><00:25:14.303><c>from</c>

00:25:14.445 --> 00:25:14.480 align:start position:0%
a thousand views from
 

00:25:14.480 --> 00:25:15.845 align:start position:0%
a thousand views from
the <00:25:14.882><c>US, </c><00:25:15.284><c>UK,</c>

00:25:15.845 --> 00:25:15.880 align:start position:0%
the US, UK,
 

00:25:15.880 --> 00:25:17.140 align:start position:0%
the US, UK,
or <00:25:16.118><c>Canada </c><00:25:16.356><c>earn </c><00:25:16.594><c>between </c><00:25:16.832><c>$6 </c><00:25:17.070><c>and</c>

00:25:17.140 --> 00:25:17.175 align:start position:0%
or Canada earn between $6 and
 

00:25:17.175 --> 00:25:19.584 align:start position:0%
or Canada earn between $6 and
$30.  <00:25:17.941><c>This </c><00:25:18.707><c>is </c><00:25:19.473><c>15–75</c>

00:25:19.584 --> 00:25:19.638 align:start position:0%
$30.  This is 15–75
 

00:25:19.638 --> 00:25:21.432 align:start position:0%
$30.  This is 15–75
times <00:25:20.032><c>more </c><00:25:20.426><c>for </c><00:25:20.820><c>the </c><00:25:21.214><c>same</c>

00:25:21.432 --> 00:25:21.486 align:start position:0%
times more for the same
 

00:25:21.486 --> 00:25:22.791 align:start position:0%
times more for the same
effort.

00:25:22.791 --> 00:25:23.514 align:start position:0%
effort.
 

00:25:23.514 --> 00:25:24.700 align:start position:0%
effort.
Western <00:25:24.058><c>political</c>

00:25:24.700 --> 00:25:24.732 align:start position:0%
Western political
 

00:25:24.732 --> 00:25:25.725 align:start position:0%
Western political
anger <00:25:24.972><c>is, </c><00:25:25.212><c>in </c><00:25:25.452><c>essence, </c><00:25:25.692><c>a</c>

00:25:25.725 --> 00:25:25.758 align:start position:0%
anger is, in essence, a
 

00:25:25.758 --> 00:25:26.912 align:start position:0%
anger is, in essence, a
high-margin

00:25:26.912 --> 00:25:26.944 align:start position:0%
high-margin
 

00:25:26.944 --> 00:25:28.162 align:start position:0%
high-margin
export <00:25:27.457><c>commodity </c><00:25:27.970><c>for</c>

00:25:28.162 --> 00:25:28.771 align:start position:0%
export commodity for
 

00:25:28.771 --> 00:25:28.803 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:25:28.803 --> 00:25:29.605 align:start position:0%
 
emerging <00:25:29.572><c>markets.</c>

00:25:29.605 --> 00:25:30.008 align:start position:0%
emerging markets.
 

00:25:30.008 --> 00:25:31.080 align:start position:0%
emerging markets.
Reliability

00:25:31.080 --> 00:25:31.112 align:start position:0%
Reliability
 

00:25:31.112 --> 00:25:32.282 align:start position:0%
Reliability
plays <00:25:31.242><c>no </c><00:25:31.372><c>role </c><00:25:31.502><c>here </c><00:25:31.632><c>at </c><00:25:31.762><c>all</c>

00:25:32.282 --> 00:25:32.315 align:start position:0%
plays no role here at all
 

00:25:32.315 --> 00:25:34.282 align:start position:0%
plays no role here at all
.  <00:25:32.928><c>The </c><00:25:33.541><c>goal </c><00:25:34.154><c>is</c>

00:25:34.282 --> 00:25:34.314 align:start position:0%
.  The goal is
 

00:25:34.314 --> 00:25:35.562 align:start position:0%
.  The goal is
simply <00:25:34.906><c>engagement, </c><00:25:35.498><c>and</c>

00:25:35.562 --> 00:25:35.594 align:start position:0%
simply engagement, and
 

00:25:35.594 --> 00:25:36.715 align:start position:0%
simply engagement, and
these <00:25:35.792><c>guys </c><00:25:35.990><c>are </c><00:25:36.188><c>not </c><00:25:36.386><c>there </c><00:25:36.584><c>to</c>

00:25:36.715 --> 00:25:37.483 align:start position:0%
these guys are not there to
 

00:25:37.483 --> 00:25:37.515 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:25:37.515 --> 00:25:38.476 align:start position:0%
 
help <00:25:38.348><c>you</c>

00:25:38.476 --> 00:25:38.508 align:start position:0%
help you
 

00:25:38.508 --> 00:25:39.597 align:start position:0%
help you
make <00:25:39.564><c>decisions.</c>

00:25:39.597 --> 00:25:41.143 align:start position:0%
make decisions.
 

00:25:41.143 --> 00:25:41.985 align:start position:0%
 
When

00:25:41.985 --> 00:25:42.022 align:start position:0%
When
 

00:25:42.022 --> 00:25:43.231 align:start position:0%
When
political <00:25:42.406><c>scientist </c><00:25:42.790><c>Angus</c>

00:25:43.231 --> 00:25:43.267 align:start position:0%
political scientist Angus
 

00:25:43.267 --> 00:25:44.696 align:start position:0%
political scientist Angus
Bridgeman's <00:25:43.615><c>team </c><00:25:43.963><c>examined</c>

00:25:44.696 --> 00:25:44.733 align:start position:0%
Bridgeman's team examined
 

00:25:44.733 --> 00:25:46.015 align:start position:0%
Bridgeman's team examined
nearly <00:25:45.017><c>6,000 </c><00:25:45.301><c>posts </c><00:25:45.585><c>from </c><00:25:45.869><c>a</c>

00:25:46.015 --> 00:25:46.052 align:start position:0%
nearly 6,000 posts from a
 

00:25:46.052 --> 00:25:47.334 align:start position:0%
nearly 6,000 posts from a
network <00:25:46.290><c>of </c><00:25:46.528><c>spammy</c>

00:25:47.334 --> 00:25:47.371 align:start position:0%
network of spammy
 

00:25:47.371 --> 00:25:48.616 align:start position:0%
network of spammy
news <00:25:48.580><c>pages</c>

00:25:48.616 --> 00:25:48.653 align:start position:0%
news pages
 

00:25:48.653 --> 00:25:49.642 align:start position:0%
news pages
targeting

00:25:49.642 --> 00:25:49.679 align:start position:0%
targeting
 

00:25:49.679 --> 00:25:51.071 align:start position:0%
targeting
Canada, <00:25:50.094><c>they </c><00:25:50.509><c>found </c><00:25:50.924><c>that</c>

00:25:51.071 --> 00:25:51.108 align:start position:0%
Canada, they found that
 

00:25:51.108 --> 00:25:52.280 align:start position:0%
Canada, they found that
about <00:25:51.437><c>54% </c><00:25:51.766><c>contained</c>

00:25:52.280 --> 00:25:52.317 align:start position:0%
about 54% contained
 

00:25:52.317 --> 00:25:53.306 align:start position:0%
about 54% contained
false <00:25:53.086><c>or</c>

00:25:53.306 --> 00:25:53.343 align:start position:0%
false or
 

00:25:53.343 --> 00:25:54.368 align:start position:0%
false or
unverified

00:25:54.368 --> 00:25:54.405 align:start position:0%
unverified
 

00:25:54.405 --> 00:25:55.175 align:start position:0%
unverified
claims.

00:25:55.175 --> 00:25:56.133 align:start position:0%
claims.
 

00:25:56.133 --> 00:25:57.307 align:start position:0%
claims.
Ideology <00:25:57.269><c>does</c>

00:25:57.307 --> 00:25:57.345 align:start position:0%
Ideology does
 

00:25:57.345 --> 00:25:58.823 align:start position:0%
Ideology does
n't <00:25:57.519><c>seem </c><00:25:57.693><c>to </c><00:25:57.867><c>matter </c><00:25:58.041><c>much </c><00:25:58.215><c>either</c>

00:25:58.823 --> 00:25:58.861 align:start position:0%
n't seem to matter much either
 

00:25:58.861 --> 00:26:01.914 align:start position:0%
n't seem to matter much either
.  <00:26:00.371><c>ISD </c><00:26:01.881><c>noticed</c>

00:26:01.914 --> 00:26:01.948 align:start position:0%
.  ISD noticed
 

00:26:01.948 --> 00:26:02.783 align:start position:0%
.  ISD noticed
that <00:26:02.115><c>British</c>

00:26:02.783 --> 00:26:02.816 align:start position:0%
that British
 

00:26:02.816 --> 00:26:03.718 align:start position:0%
that British
pages <00:26:03.384><c>sometimes</c>

00:26:03.718 --> 00:26:03.752 align:start position:0%
pages sometimes
 

00:26:03.752 --> 00:26:04.988 align:start position:0%
pages sometimes
published <00:26:04.520><c>content</c>

00:26:04.988 --> 00:26:05.021 align:start position:0%
published content
 

00:26:05.021 --> 00:26:05.790 align:start position:0%
published content
in <00:26:05.104><c>support </c><00:26:05.187><c>of</c>

00:26:05.790 --> 00:26:05.823 align:start position:0%
in support of
 

00:26:05.823 --> 00:26:06.859 align:start position:0%
in support of
immigration, <00:26:06.123><c>which </c><00:26:06.423><c>is </c><00:26:06.723><c>not</c>

00:26:06.859 --> 00:26:06.892 align:start position:0%
immigration, which is not
 

00:26:06.892 --> 00:26:07.962 align:start position:0%
immigration, which is not
often <00:26:07.326><c>seen </c><00:26:07.760><c>from</c>

00:26:07.962 --> 00:26:07.995 align:start position:0%
often seen from
 

00:26:07.995 --> 00:26:08.730 align:start position:0%
often seen from
staunch

00:26:08.730 --> 00:26:08.763 align:start position:0%
staunch
 

00:26:08.763 --> 00:26:12.294 align:start position:0%
staunch
nationalists.

00:26:12.294 --> 00:26:12.327 align:start position:0%
nationalists.
 

00:26:12.327 --> 00:26:13.221 align:start position:0%
nationalists.
Christophe's <00:26:12.514><c>video </c><00:26:12.701><c>is </c><00:26:12.888><c>worth</c>

00:26:13.221 --> 00:26:13.254 align:start position:0%
Christophe's video is worth
 

00:26:13.254 --> 00:26:14.148 align:start position:0%
Christophe's video is worth
watching, <00:26:13.667><c>and </c><00:26:14.080><c>I'll</c>

00:26:14.148 --> 00:26:14.181 align:start position:0%
watching, and I'll
 

00:26:14.181 --> 00:26:15.373 align:start position:0%
watching, and I'll
leave <00:26:14.534><c>a </c><00:26:14.887><c>link </c><00:26:15.240><c>to</c>

00:26:15.373 --> 00:26:15.406 align:start position:0%
leave a link to
 

00:26:15.406 --> 00:26:16.234 align:start position:0%
leave a link to
it <00:26:15.670><c>in </c><00:26:15.934><c>the </c><00:26:16.198><c>description.</c>

00:26:16.234 --> 00:26:17.540 align:start position:0%
it in the description.
 

00:26:17.540 --> 00:26:18.880 align:start position:0%
 
The <00:26:17.939><c>platforms </c><00:26:18.338><c>pay </c><00:26:18.737><c>for</c>

00:26:18.880 --> 00:26:18.915 align:start position:0%
The platforms pay for
 

00:26:18.915 --> 00:26:20.791 align:start position:0%
The platforms pay for
all <00:26:19.228><c>of </c><00:26:19.541><c>this.  </c><00:26:19.854><c>Starting </c><00:26:20.167><c>in </c><00:26:20.480><c>2024,</c>

00:26:20.791 --> 00:26:22.333 align:start position:0%
all of this.  Starting in 2024,
 

00:26:22.333 --> 00:26:22.372 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:26:22.372 --> 00:26:23.837 align:start position:0%
 
Facebook's <00:26:22.572><c>content </c><00:26:22.772><c>monetization </c><00:26:22.972><c>program </c><00:26:23.172><c>will </c><00:26:23.372><c>split</c>

00:26:23.837 --> 00:26:23.876 align:start position:0%
Facebook's content monetization program will split
 

00:26:23.876 --> 00:26:25.302 align:start position:0%
Facebook's content monetization program will split
ad <00:26:24.512><c>revenue </c><00:26:25.148><c>across</c>

00:26:25.302 --> 00:26:25.341 align:start position:0%
ad revenue across
 

00:26:25.341 --> 00:26:26.768 align:start position:0%
ad revenue across
videos, <00:26:25.977><c>photos, </c><00:26:26.613><c>and</c>

00:26:26.768 --> 00:26:26.806 align:start position:0%
videos, photos, and
 

00:26:26.806 --> 00:26:28.002 align:start position:0%
videos, photos, and
even <00:26:27.308><c>plain</c>

00:26:28.002 --> 00:26:28.040 align:start position:0%
even plain
 

00:26:28.040 --> 00:26:29.090 align:start position:0%
even plain
text.  <00:26:28.469><c>So, </c><00:26:28.898><c>the</c>

00:26:29.090 --> 00:26:29.122 align:start position:0%
text.  So, the
 

00:26:29.122 --> 00:26:30.240 align:start position:0%
text.  So, the
more <00:26:29.537><c>engagement</c>

00:26:30.240 --> 00:26:30.272 align:start position:0%
more engagement
 

00:26:30.272 --> 00:26:31.325 align:start position:0%
more engagement
a <00:26:30.559><c>post </c><00:26:30.846><c>gets, </c><00:26:31.133><c>the</c>

00:26:31.325 --> 00:26:31.357 align:start position:0%
a post gets, the
 

00:26:31.357 --> 00:26:32.539 align:start position:0%
a post gets, the
more <00:26:31.932><c>it </c><00:26:32.507><c>earns.</c>

00:26:32.539 --> 00:26:33.232 align:start position:0%
more it earns.
 

00:26:33.232 --> 00:26:34.085 align:start position:0%
more it earns.
In <00:26:33.539><c>March, </c><00:26:33.846><c>Twitter</c>

00:26:34.085 --> 00:26:34.119 align:start position:0%
In March, Twitter
 

00:26:34.119 --> 00:26:34.869 align:start position:0%
In March, Twitter
announced <00:26:34.323><c>that </c><00:26:34.527><c>it </c><00:26:34.731><c>would</c>

00:26:34.869 --> 00:26:34.904 align:start position:0%
announced that it would
 

00:26:34.904 --> 00:26:36.098 align:start position:0%
announced that it would
give <00:26:35.620><c>more</c>

00:26:36.098 --> 00:26:36.132 align:start position:0%
give more
 

00:26:36.132 --> 00:26:37.292 align:start position:0%
give more
weight <00:26:36.388><c>to </c><00:26:36.644><c>views </c><00:26:36.900><c>from </c><00:26:37.156><c>an</c>

00:26:37.292 --> 00:26:38.316 align:start position:0%
weight to views from an
 

00:26:38.316 --> 00:26:38.350 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:26:38.350 --> 00:26:39.033 align:start position:0%
 
author's <00:26:38.509><c>home </c><00:26:38.668><c>region </c><00:26:38.827><c>to</c>

00:26:39.033 --> 00:26:39.067 align:start position:0%
author's home region to
 

00:26:39.067 --> 00:26:40.193 align:start position:0%
author's home region to
prevent <00:26:39.459><c>people </c><00:26:39.851><c>from</c>

00:26:40.193 --> 00:26:40.227 align:start position:0%
prevent people from
 

00:26:40.227 --> 00:26:41.490 align:start position:0%
prevent people from
manipulating <00:26:40.653><c>the </c><00:26:41.079><c>attention</c>

00:26:41.490 --> 00:26:41.524 align:start position:0%
manipulating the attention
 

00:26:41.524 --> 00:26:42.650 align:start position:0%
manipulating the attention
of <00:26:41.721><c>accounts </c><00:26:41.918><c>from </c><00:26:42.115><c>the </c><00:26:42.312><c>US </c><00:26:42.509><c>or</c>

00:26:42.650 --> 00:26:42.684 align:start position:0%
of accounts from the US or
 

00:26:42.684 --> 00:26:45.379 align:start position:0%
of accounts from the US or
Japan.  <00:26:43.832><c>The </c><00:26:44.980><c>authors</c>

00:26:45.379 --> 00:26:45.412 align:start position:0%
Japan.  The authors
 

00:26:45.412 --> 00:26:46.508 align:start position:0%
Japan.  The authors
complained, <00:26:45.893><c>and </c><00:26:46.374><c>within</c>

00:26:46.508 --> 00:26:46.541 align:start position:0%
complained, and within
 

00:26:46.541 --> 00:26:47.670 align:start position:0%
complained, and within
hours, <00:26:47.404><c>Elon</c>

00:26:47.670 --> 00:26:47.703 align:start position:0%
hours, Elon
 

00:26:47.703 --> 00:26:48.666 align:start position:0%
hours, Elon
Musk <00:26:48.002><c>suspended</c>

00:26:48.666 --> 00:26:48.700 align:start position:0%
Musk suspended
 

00:26:48.700 --> 00:26:49.895 align:start position:0%
Musk suspended
the <00:26:48.877><c>changes </c><00:26:49.054><c>pending </c><00:26:49.231><c>further</c>

00:26:49.895 --> 00:26:49.928 align:start position:0%
the changes pending further
 

00:26:49.928 --> 00:26:50.758 align:start position:0%
the changes pending further
review, <00:26:50.182><c>which </c><00:26:50.436><c>is </c><00:26:50.690><c>the</c>

00:26:50.758 --> 00:26:50.791 align:start position:0%
review, which is the
 

00:26:50.791 --> 00:26:52.020 align:start position:0%
review, which is the
fastest <00:26:51.023><c>response </c><00:26:51.255><c>from </c><00:26:51.487><c>a</c>

00:26:52.020 --> 00:26:52.053 align:start position:0%
fastest response from a
 

00:26:52.053 --> 00:26:53.315 align:start position:0%
fastest response from a
social <00:26:52.617><c>network </c><00:26:53.181><c>to</c>

00:26:53.315 --> 00:26:53.348 align:start position:0%
social network to
 

00:26:53.348 --> 00:26:54.643 align:start position:0%
social network to
user <00:26:53.846><c>feedback</c>

00:26:54.643 --> 00:26:55.739 align:start position:0%
user feedback
I've <00:26:55.341><c>ever</c>

00:26:55.739 --> 00:26:55.772 align:start position:0%
I've ever
 

00:26:55.772 --> 00:26:58.176 align:start position:0%
I've ever
seen.  <00:26:56.505><c>The </c><00:26:57.238><c>accounts </c><00:26:57.971><c>that</c>

00:26:58.176 --> 00:26:59.409 align:start position:0%
seen.  The accounts that
 

00:26:59.409 --> 00:26:59.444 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:26:59.444 --> 00:27:00.300 align:start position:0%
 
Twitter's <00:26:59.706><c>geolocation </c><00:26:59.968><c>feature </c><00:27:00.230><c>caught</c>

00:27:00.300 --> 00:27:00.334 align:start position:0%
Twitter's geolocation feature caught
 

00:27:00.334 --> 00:27:01.670 align:start position:0%
Twitter's geolocation feature caught
cheating <00:27:00.865><c>were </c><00:27:01.396><c>only</c>

00:27:01.670 --> 00:27:01.704 align:start position:0%
cheating were only
 

00:27:01.704 --> 00:27:02.424 align:start position:0%
cheating were only
those <00:27:01.995><c>that </c><00:27:02.286><c>didn't</c>

00:27:02.424 --> 00:27:02.458 align:start position:0%
those that didn't
 

00:27:02.458 --> 00:27:03.451 align:start position:0%
those that didn't
bother <00:27:03.314><c>to</c>

00:27:03.451 --> 00:27:03.486 align:start position:0%
bother to
 

00:27:03.486 --> 00:27:04.802 align:start position:0%
bother to
hide <00:27:03.914><c>it.  </c><00:27:04.342><c>For </c><00:27:04.770><c>those</c>

00:27:04.802 --> 00:27:04.835 align:start position:0%
hide it.  For those
 

00:27:04.835 --> 00:27:06.117 align:start position:0%
hide it.  For those
who <00:27:05.147><c>are </c><00:27:05.459><c>concerned </c><00:27:05.771><c>about </c><00:27:06.083><c>this,</c>

00:27:06.117 --> 00:27:06.149 align:start position:0%
who are concerned about this,
 

00:27:06.149 --> 00:27:06.971 align:start position:0%
who are concerned about this,
there <00:27:06.182><c>is </c><00:27:06.215><c>a </c><00:27:06.248><c>suitable</c>

00:27:06.971 --> 00:27:07.004 align:start position:0%
there is a suitable
 

00:27:07.004 --> 00:27:07.497 align:start position:0%
there is a suitable
product.    <00:27:07.464><c>The</c>

00:27:07.497 --> 00:27:07.839 align:start position:0%
product.    The
 

00:27:07.839 --> 00:27:09.380 align:start position:0%
product.    The
Justice <00:27:08.827><c>Department</c>

00:27:09.380 --> 00:27:09.420 align:start position:0%
Justice Department
 

00:27:09.420 --> 00:27:10.804 align:start position:0%
Justice Department
said <00:27:10.250><c>that</c>

00:27:10.804 --> 00:27:10.843 align:start position:0%
said that
 

00:27:10.843 --> 00:27:12.306 align:start position:0%
said that
9/11 <00:27:11.080><c>S5 </c><00:27:11.317><c>customers </c><00:27:11.554><c>could </c><00:27:11.791><c>have </c><00:27:12.028><c>chosen </c><00:27:12.265><c>IP</c>

00:27:12.306 --> 00:27:13.097 align:start position:0%
9/11 S5 customers could have chosen IP
addresses <00:27:12.860><c>to</c>

00:27:13.097 --> 00:27:13.136 align:start position:0%
addresses to
 

00:27:13.136 --> 00:27:14.480 align:start position:0%
addresses to
make <00:27:13.788><c>it </c><00:27:14.440><c>appear</c>

00:27:14.480 --> 00:27:14.520 align:start position:0%
make it appear
 

00:27:14.520 --> 00:27:16.022 align:start position:0%
make it appear
as <00:27:14.698><c>if </c><00:27:14.876><c>they </c><00:27:15.054><c>were </c><00:27:15.232><c>publishing</c>

00:27:16.022 --> 00:27:16.062 align:start position:0%
as if they were publishing
 

00:27:16.062 --> 00:27:17.406 align:start position:0%
as if they were publishing
content <00:27:16.325><c>from </c><00:27:16.588><c>a </c><00:27:16.851><c>specific</c>

00:27:17.406 --> 00:27:17.446 align:start position:0%
content from a specific
 

00:27:17.446 --> 00:27:19.050 align:start position:0%
content from a specific
location.  <00:27:17.956><c>So </c><00:27:18.466><c>somewhere </c><00:27:18.976><c>in</c>

00:27:19.050 --> 00:27:19.086 align:start position:0%
location.  So somewhere in
 

00:27:19.086 --> 00:27:19.699 align:start position:0%
location.  So somewhere in
Ohio, <00:27:19.482><c>there</c>

00:27:19.699 --> 00:27:19.735 align:start position:0%
Ohio, there
 

00:27:19.735 --> 00:27:20.852 align:start position:0%
Ohio, there
could <00:27:20.011><c>be </c><00:27:20.287><c>a </c><00:27:20.563><c>$55</c>

00:27:20.852 --> 00:27:20.888 align:start position:0%
could be a $55
 

00:27:20.888 --> 00:27:21.754 align:start position:0%
could be a $55
Android <00:27:21.718><c>TV</c>

00:27:21.754 --> 00:27:22.691 align:start position:0%
Android TV
box <00:27:22.042><c>under </c><00:27:22.330><c>a </c><00:27:22.618><c>TV</c>

00:27:22.691 --> 00:27:22.727 align:start position:0%
box under a TV
 

00:27:22.727 --> 00:27:24.134 align:start position:0%
box under a TV
, <00:27:23.557><c>streaming</c>

00:27:24.134 --> 00:27:24.170 align:start position:0%
, streaming
 

00:27:24.170 --> 00:27:25.396 align:start position:0%
, streaming
football <00:27:24.675><c>while</c>

00:27:25.396 --> 00:27:25.432 align:start position:0%
football while
 

00:27:25.432 --> 00:27:26.441 align:start position:0%
football while
pretending <00:27:25.720><c>to </c><00:27:26.008><c>be </c><00:27:26.296><c>a</c>

00:27:26.441 --> 00:27:26.477 align:start position:0%
pretending to be a
 

00:27:26.477 --> 00:27:27.415 align:start position:0%
pretending to be a
patriotic

00:27:27.415 --> 00:27:27.451 align:start position:0%
patriotic
 

00:27:27.451 --> 00:27:28.461 align:start position:0%
patriotic
American

00:27:28.461 --> 00:27:28.497 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:27:28.497 --> 00:27:31.274 align:start position:0%
American
voter.  <00:27:29.314><c>But </c><00:27:30.131><c>a </c><00:27:30.948><c>post</c>

00:27:31.274 --> 00:27:31.307 align:start position:0%
voter.  But a post
 

00:27:31.307 --> 00:27:32.413 align:start position:0%
voter.  But a post
from <00:27:31.632><c>a </c><00:27:31.957><c>user </c><00:27:32.282><c>in</c>

00:27:32.413 --> 00:27:32.445 align:start position:0%
from a user in
 

00:27:32.445 --> 00:27:33.519 align:start position:0%
from a user in
Sri <00:27:32.852><c>Lanka </c><00:27:33.259><c>still</c>

00:27:33.519 --> 00:27:33.551 align:start position:0%
Sri Lanka still
 

00:27:33.551 --> 00:27:34.625 align:start position:0%
Sri Lanka still
needs <00:27:33.990><c>someone </c><00:27:34.429><c>to</c>

00:27:34.625 --> 00:27:34.657 align:start position:0%
needs someone to
 

00:27:34.657 --> 00:27:35.893 align:start position:0%
needs someone to
spread <00:27:34.901><c>it, </c><00:27:35.145><c>and </c><00:27:35.389><c>that's </c><00:27:35.633><c>where</c>

00:27:35.893 --> 00:27:36.837 align:start position:0%
spread it, and that's where
 

00:27:36.837 --> 00:27:36.869 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:27:36.869 --> 00:27:37.878 align:start position:0%
 
we <00:27:37.064><c>all </c><00:27:37.259><c>come </c><00:27:37.454><c>to </c><00:27:37.649><c>the </c><00:27:37.844><c>rescue.</c>

00:27:37.878 --> 00:27:39.954 align:start position:0%
we all come to the rescue.
 

00:27:39.954 --> 00:27:40.949 align:start position:0%
 
For <00:27:40.043><c>years, </c><00:27:40.132><c>there </c><00:27:40.221><c>has </c><00:27:40.310><c>been </c><00:27:40.399><c>a</c>

00:27:40.949 --> 00:27:40.983 align:start position:0%
For years, there has been a
 

00:27:40.983 --> 00:27:42.321 align:start position:0%
For years, there has been a
comforting <00:27:41.583><c>assumption </c><00:27:42.183><c>that</c>

00:27:42.321 --> 00:27:42.356 align:start position:0%
comforting assumption that
 

00:27:42.356 --> 00:27:43.385 align:start position:0%
comforting assumption that
the <00:27:42.584><c>outrage </c><00:27:42.812><c>in </c><00:27:43.040><c>our</c>

00:27:43.385 --> 00:27:43.419 align:start position:0%
the outrage in our
 

00:27:43.419 --> 00:27:44.620 align:start position:0%
the outrage in our
feeds <00:27:43.565><c>is </c><00:27:43.711><c>being </c><00:27:43.857><c>created </c><00:27:44.003><c>by</c>

00:27:44.620 --> 00:27:44.655 align:start position:0%
feeds is being created by
 

00:27:44.655 --> 00:27:46.710 align:start position:0%
feeds is being created by
bots.  <00:27:45.546><c>But </c><00:27:46.437><c>when</c>

00:27:46.710 --> 00:27:46.744 align:start position:0%
bots.  But when
 

00:27:46.744 --> 00:27:48.035 align:start position:0%
bots.  But when
researchers <00:27:48.001><c>examine</c>

00:27:48.035 --> 00:27:48.069 align:start position:0%
researchers examine
 

00:27:48.069 --> 00:27:49.021 align:start position:0%
researchers examine
how <00:27:48.273><c>this </c><00:27:48.477><c>material</c>

00:27:49.021 --> 00:27:49.055 align:start position:0%
how this material
 

00:27:49.055 --> 00:27:49.802 align:start position:0%
how this material


00:27:49.802 --> 00:27:49.836 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:27:49.836 --> 00:27:50.482 align:start position:0%
 
actually <00:27:50.448><c>spreads,</c>

00:27:50.482 --> 00:27:50.516 align:start position:0%
actually spreads,
 

00:27:50.516 --> 00:27:51.773 align:start position:0%
actually spreads,
it <00:27:50.762><c>turns </c><00:27:51.008><c>out </c><00:27:51.254><c>that </c><00:27:51.500><c>bots</c>

00:27:51.773 --> 00:27:51.807 align:start position:0%
it turns out that bots
 

00:27:51.807 --> 00:27:52.690 align:start position:0%
it turns out that bots
are <00:27:51.988><c>a </c><00:27:52.169><c>fairly </c><00:27:52.350><c>small</c>

00:27:52.690 --> 00:27:52.724 align:start position:0%
are a fairly small
 

00:27:52.724 --> 00:27:53.574 align:start position:0%
are a fairly small
part <00:27:53.013><c>of </c><00:27:53.302><c>the</c>

00:27:53.574 --> 00:27:53.608 align:start position:0%
part of the
 

00:27:53.608 --> 00:27:55.101 align:start position:0%
part of the
story.  <00:27:54.702><c>Most</c>

00:27:55.101 --> 00:27:55.134 align:start position:0%
story.  Most
 

00:27:55.134 --> 00:27:56.033 align:start position:0%
story.  Most
of <00:27:55.384><c>the </c><00:27:55.634><c>work</c>

00:27:56.033 --> 00:27:56.066 align:start position:0%
of the work
 

00:27:56.066 --> 00:27:57.165 align:start position:0%
of the work
is <00:27:56.277><c>done </c><00:27:56.488><c>by </c><00:27:56.699><c>real</c>

00:27:57.165 --> 00:27:57.198 align:start position:0%
is done by real
 

00:27:57.198 --> 00:27:59.215 align:start position:0%
is done by real
people.  <00:27:57.762><c>Back </c><00:27:58.326><c>in </c><00:27:58.890><c>2018,</c>

00:27:59.215 --> 00:27:59.256 align:start position:0%
people.  Back in 2018,
 

00:27:59.256 --> 00:28:00.353 align:start position:0%
people.  Back in 2018,
Mark <00:27:59.622><c>Zuckerberg</c>

00:28:00.353 --> 00:28:00.394 align:start position:0%
Mark Zuckerberg
 

00:28:00.394 --> 00:28:01.816 align:start position:0%
Mark Zuckerberg
published <00:28:00.627><c>a </c><00:28:00.860><c>graph </c><00:28:01.093><c>of </c><00:28:01.326><c>what</c>

00:28:01.816 --> 00:28:01.857 align:start position:0%
published a graph of what
 

00:28:01.857 --> 00:28:03.239 align:start position:0%
published a graph of what
he <00:28:02.304><c>called </c><00:28:02.751><c>the</c>

00:28:03.239 --> 00:28:03.280 align:start position:0%
he called the
 

00:28:03.280 --> 00:28:04.621 align:start position:0%
he called the
natural

00:28:04.621 --> 00:28:04.662 align:start position:0%
natural
 

00:28:04.662 --> 00:28:06.337 align:start position:0%
natural
engagement <00:28:05.373><c>model.  </c><00:28:06.084><c>His</c>

00:28:06.337 --> 00:28:06.369 align:start position:0%
engagement model.  His
 

00:28:06.369 --> 00:28:07.607 align:start position:0%
engagement model.  His
point <00:28:06.861><c>was </c><00:28:07.353><c>that</c>

00:28:07.607 --> 00:28:08.655 align:start position:0%
point was that
if <00:28:08.067><c>nothing </c><00:28:08.527><c>was</c>

00:28:08.655 --> 00:28:08.686 align:start position:0%
if nothing was
 

00:28:08.686 --> 00:28:09.385 align:start position:0%
if nothing was
done, <00:28:09.131><c>people</c>

00:28:09.385 --> 00:28:10.655 align:start position:0%
done, people
 

00:28:10.655 --> 00:28:10.686 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:28:10.686 --> 00:28:11.797 align:start position:0%
 
would <00:28:11.014><c>disproportionately </c><00:28:11.342><c>engage </c><00:28:11.670><c>with</c>

00:28:11.797 --> 00:28:11.829 align:start position:0%
would disproportionately engage with
 

00:28:11.829 --> 00:28:12.623 align:start position:0%
would disproportionately engage with
sensational <00:28:12.559><c>and</c>

00:28:12.623 --> 00:28:12.654 align:start position:0%
sensational and
 

00:28:12.654 --> 00:28:13.480 align:start position:0%
sensational and
provocative

00:28:13.480 --> 00:28:13.511 align:start position:0%
provocative
 

00:28:13.511 --> 00:28:15.628 align:start position:0%
provocative
content.  <00:28:14.379><c>The </c><00:28:15.247><c>closer</c>

00:28:15.628 --> 00:28:15.660 align:start position:0%
content.  The closer
 

00:28:15.660 --> 00:28:16.741 align:start position:0%
content.  The closer
a <00:28:15.978><c>post </c><00:28:16.296><c>comes </c><00:28:16.614><c>to</c>

00:28:16.741 --> 00:28:16.772 align:start position:0%
a post comes to
 

00:28:16.772 --> 00:28:17.948 align:start position:0%
a post comes to
violating <00:28:17.121><c>the </c><00:28:17.470><c>rules </c><00:28:17.819><c>without</c>

00:28:17.948 --> 00:28:17.980 align:start position:0%
violating the rules without
 

00:28:17.980 --> 00:28:19.219 align:start position:0%
violating the rules without
crossing <00:28:18.329><c>the </c><00:28:18.678><c>line, </c><00:28:19.027><c>the</c>

00:28:19.219 --> 00:28:19.251 align:start position:0%
crossing the line, the
 

00:28:19.251 --> 00:28:20.364 align:start position:0%
crossing the line, the
more <00:28:19.664><c>engagement</c>

00:28:20.364 --> 00:28:20.395 align:start position:0%
more engagement
 

00:28:20.395 --> 00:28:22.697 align:start position:0%
more engagement
it <00:28:22.570><c>gets.</c>

00:28:22.697 --> 00:28:22.729 align:start position:0%
it gets.
 

00:28:22.729 --> 00:28:23.881 align:start position:0%
it gets.
Unlike <00:28:23.081><c>the </c><00:28:23.433><c>graph</c>

00:28:23.881 --> 00:28:23.913 align:start position:0%
Unlike the graph
 

00:28:23.913 --> 00:28:24.872 align:start position:0%
Unlike the graph
at <00:28:24.072><c>the </c><00:28:24.231><c>beginning </c><00:28:24.390><c>of </c><00:28:24.549><c>this</c>

00:28:24.872 --> 00:28:24.904 align:start position:0%
at the beginning of this
 

00:28:24.904 --> 00:28:26.119 align:start position:0%
at the beginning of this
video, <00:28:25.059><c>this </c><00:28:25.214><c>one </c><00:28:25.369><c>had </c><00:28:25.524><c>no </c><00:28:25.679><c>numbers </c><00:28:25.834><c>at </c><00:28:25.989><c>all</c>

00:28:26.119 --> 00:28:26.151 align:start position:0%
video, this one had no numbers at all
 

00:28:26.151 --> 00:28:26.919 align:start position:0%
video, this one had no numbers at all
, <00:28:26.791><c>which</c>

00:28:26.919 --> 00:28:26.951 align:start position:0%
, which
 

00:28:26.951 --> 00:28:28.102 align:start position:0%
, which
at <00:28:27.510><c>least </c><00:28:28.069><c>meant</c>

00:28:28.102 --> 00:28:28.134 align:start position:0%
at least meant
 

00:28:28.134 --> 00:28:28.869 align:start position:0%
at least meant
he <00:28:28.677><c>couldn't</c>

00:28:28.869 --> 00:28:28.901 align:start position:0%
he couldn't
 

00:28:28.901 --> 00:28:30.149 align:start position:0%
he couldn't
go <00:28:29.205><c>wrong </c><00:28:29.509><c>with </c><00:28:29.813><c>the </c><00:28:30.117><c>scale.</c>

00:28:30.149 --> 00:28:30.529 align:start position:0%
go wrong with the scale.
 

00:28:30.529 --> 00:28:31.468 align:start position:0%
go wrong with the scale.
And <00:28:30.559><c>to </c><00:28:30.589><c>be </c><00:28:30.619><c>fair</c>

00:28:31.468 --> 00:28:31.498 align:start position:0%
And to be fair
 

00:28:31.498 --> 00:28:32.589 align:start position:0%
And to be fair
, <00:28:31.983><c>he </c><00:28:32.468><c>didn't</c>

00:28:32.589 --> 00:28:32.619 align:start position:0%
, he didn't
 

00:28:32.619 --> 00:28:33.619 align:start position:0%
, he didn't
claim <00:28:33.589><c>to</c>

00:28:33.619 --> 00:28:33.649 align:start position:0%
claim to
 

00:28:33.649 --> 00:28:34.710 align:start position:0%
claim to
know <00:28:33.992><c>the </c><00:28:34.335><c>future </c><00:28:34.678><c>either.</c>

00:28:34.710 --> 00:28:35.110 align:start position:0%
know the future either.
 

00:28:35.110 --> 00:28:36.137 align:start position:0%
know the future either.
Although <00:28:35.430><c>calling </c><00:28:35.750><c>it </c><00:28:36.070><c>"</c>

00:28:36.137 --> 00:28:37.099 align:start position:0%
Although calling it "
natural" <00:28:36.485><c>was </c><00:28:36.833><c>a</c>

00:28:37.099 --> 00:28:37.132 align:start position:0%
natural" was a
 

00:28:37.132 --> 00:28:38.910 align:start position:0%
natural" was a
good <00:28:37.953><c>move.  </c><00:28:38.774><c>This</c>

00:28:38.910 --> 00:28:38.944 align:start position:0%
good move.  This
 

00:28:38.944 --> 00:28:39.764 align:start position:0%
good move.  This
makes <00:28:39.286><c>this </c><00:28:39.628><c>all</c>

00:28:39.764 --> 00:28:39.799 align:start position:0%
makes this all
 

00:28:39.799 --> 00:28:40.584 align:start position:0%
makes this all
look <00:28:40.123><c>like </c><00:28:40.447><c>a</c>

00:28:40.584 --> 00:28:40.619 align:start position:0%
look like a
 

00:28:40.619 --> 00:28:41.951 align:start position:0%
look like a
natural <00:28:40.917><c>disaster, </c><00:28:41.215><c>rather </c><00:28:41.513><c>than </c><00:28:41.811><c>the</c>

00:28:41.951 --> 00:28:41.985 align:start position:0%
natural disaster, rather than the
 

00:28:41.985 --> 00:28:43.249 align:start position:0%
natural disaster, rather than the
result <00:28:42.549><c>of </c><00:28:43.113><c>decisions</c>

00:28:43.249 --> 00:28:43.284 align:start position:0%
result of decisions
 

00:28:43.284 --> 00:28:45.859 align:start position:0%
result of decisions
made <00:28:44.054><c>by </c><00:28:44.824><c>Facebook.  </c><00:28:45.594><c>Facebook</c>

00:28:45.859 --> 00:28:45.892 align:start position:0%
made by Facebook.  Facebook
 

00:28:45.892 --> 00:28:46.490 align:start position:0%
made by Facebook.  Facebook
said <00:28:46.357><c>it</c>

00:28:46.490 --> 00:28:46.523 align:start position:0%
said it
 

00:28:46.523 --> 00:28:47.718 align:start position:0%
said it
would <00:28:46.877><c>train </c><00:28:47.231><c>its </c><00:28:47.585><c>AI</c>

00:28:47.718 --> 00:28:47.751 align:start position:0%
would train its AI
 

00:28:47.751 --> 00:28:48.913 align:start position:0%
would train its AI
to <00:28:48.033><c>detect </c><00:28:48.315><c>questionable</c>

00:28:48.913 --> 00:28:48.946 align:start position:0%
to detect questionable
 

00:28:48.946 --> 00:28:50.207 align:start position:0%
to detect questionable
content <00:28:49.244><c>and </c><00:28:49.542><c>show</c>

00:28:50.207 --> 00:28:50.240 align:start position:0%
content and show
 

00:28:50.240 --> 00:28:50.938 align:start position:0%
content and show
it <00:28:50.389><c>to </c><00:28:50.538><c>fewer</c>

00:28:50.938 --> 00:28:50.971 align:start position:0%
it to fewer
 

00:28:50.971 --> 00:28:53.540 align:start position:0%
it to fewer
people.  <00:28:53.319><c>But</c>

00:28:53.540 --> 00:28:53.577 align:start position:0%
people.  But
 

00:28:53.577 --> 00:28:54.650 align:start position:0%
people.  But
then, <00:28:54.095><c>in </c><00:28:54.613><c>2024,</c>

00:28:54.650 --> 00:28:54.687 align:start position:0%
then, in 2024,
 

00:28:54.687 --> 00:28:55.760 align:start position:0%
then, in 2024,
the <00:28:55.001><c>company </c><00:28:55.315><c>started</c>

00:28:55.760 --> 00:28:55.797 align:start position:0%
the company started
 

00:28:55.797 --> 00:28:56.870 align:start position:0%
the company started
paying <00:28:56.352><c>creators</c>

00:28:56.870 --> 00:28:56.906 align:start position:0%
paying creators
 

00:28:56.906 --> 00:28:58.090 align:start position:0%
paying creators
based <00:28:57.720><c>on</c>

00:28:58.090 --> 00:28:58.127 align:start position:0%
based on
 

00:28:58.127 --> 00:28:59.533 align:start position:0%
based on
engagement <00:28:58.497><c>levels, </c><00:28:58.867><c>which, </c><00:28:59.237><c>if</c>

00:28:59.533 --> 00:28:59.570 align:start position:0%
engagement levels, which, if
 

00:28:59.570 --> 00:29:01.012 align:start position:0%
engagement levels, which, if
you <00:28:59.921><c>look </c><00:29:00.272><c>at </c><00:29:00.623><c>the </c><00:29:00.974><c>graph,</c>

00:29:01.012 --> 00:29:01.049 align:start position:0%
you look at the graph,
 

00:29:01.049 --> 00:29:02.344 align:start position:0%
you look at the graph,
resembles <00:29:01.585><c>a </c><00:29:02.121><c>casino</c>

00:29:02.344 --> 00:29:02.381 align:start position:0%
resembles a casino
 

00:29:02.381 --> 00:29:03.602 align:start position:0%
resembles a casino
announcing <00:29:03.010><c>a</c>

00:29:03.602 --> 00:29:03.639 align:start position:0%
announcing a
 

00:29:03.639 --> 00:29:05.081 align:start position:0%
announcing a
responsible <00:29:04.095><c>gaming </c><00:29:04.551><c>policy </c><00:29:05.007><c>and</c>

00:29:05.081 --> 00:29:05.118 align:start position:0%
responsible gaming policy and
 

00:29:05.118 --> 00:29:06.117 align:start position:0%
responsible gaming policy and
then <00:29:05.321><c>launching </c><00:29:05.524><c>a</c>

00:29:06.117 --> 00:29:06.154 align:start position:0%
then launching a
 

00:29:06.154 --> 00:29:07.560 align:start position:0%
then launching a
loyalty <00:29:07.523><c>program.</c>

00:29:07.560 --> 00:29:09.414 align:start position:0%
loyalty program.
 

00:29:09.414 --> 00:29:10.693 align:start position:0%
 
Platforms <00:29:09.538><c>are </c><00:29:09.662><c>in </c><00:29:09.786><c>the </c><00:29:09.910><c>business </c><00:29:10.034><c>of</c>

00:29:10.693 --> 00:29:10.726 align:start position:0%
Platforms are in the business of
 

00:29:10.726 --> 00:29:12.005 align:start position:0%
Platforms are in the business of
supplying <00:29:11.480><c>outrage</c>

00:29:12.005 --> 00:29:13.251 align:start position:0%
supplying outrage
, <00:29:12.136><c>but </c><00:29:12.267><c>we </c><00:29:12.398><c>create </c><00:29:12.529><c>the </c><00:29:12.660><c>demand</c>

00:29:13.251 --> 00:29:13.284 align:start position:0%
, but we create the demand
 

00:29:13.284 --> 00:29:15.755 align:start position:0%
, but we create the demand
ourselves.  <00:29:14.281><c>In </c><00:29:15.278><c>2018,</c>

00:29:15.755 --> 00:29:15.815 align:start position:0%
ourselves.  In 2018,
 

00:29:15.815 --> 00:29:17.423 align:start position:0%
ourselves.  In 2018,
researchers <00:29:16.529><c>from </c><00:29:17.243><c>MIT</c>

00:29:17.423 --> 00:29:17.483 align:start position:0%
researchers from MIT
 

00:29:17.483 --> 00:29:19.686 align:start position:0%
researchers from MIT
studied <00:29:18.495><c>about </c><00:29:19.507><c>126,000</c>

00:29:19.686 --> 00:29:19.746 align:start position:0%
studied about 126,000
 

00:29:19.746 --> 00:29:20.937 align:start position:0%
studied about 126,000
stories

00:29:20.937 --> 00:29:20.997 align:start position:0%
stories
 

00:29:20.997 --> 00:29:23.081 align:start position:0%
stories
shared <00:29:21.830><c>on </c><00:29:22.663><c>Twitter</c>

00:29:23.081 --> 00:29:23.141 align:start position:0%
shared on Twitter
 

00:29:23.141 --> 00:29:25.388 align:start position:0%
shared on Twitter
between <00:29:23.687><c>2006 </c><00:29:24.233><c>and </c><00:29:24.779><c>2017.  </c><00:29:25.325><c>And</c>

00:29:25.388 --> 00:29:25.419 align:start position:0%
between 2006 and 2017.  And
 

00:29:25.419 --> 00:29:26.389 align:start position:0%
between 2006 and 2017.  And
for <00:29:25.685><c>most </c><00:29:25.951><c>of</c>

00:29:26.389 --> 00:29:26.420 align:start position:0%
for most of
 

00:29:26.420 --> 00:29:27.484 align:start position:0%
for most of
that <00:29:27.233><c>time,</c>

00:29:27.484 --> 00:29:27.515 align:start position:0%
that time,
 

00:29:27.515 --> 00:29:28.735 align:start position:0%
that time,
Twitter <00:29:27.843><c>simply </c><00:29:28.171><c>displayed</c>

00:29:28.735 --> 00:29:28.766 align:start position:0%
Twitter simply displayed
 

00:29:28.766 --> 00:29:29.235 align:start position:0%
Twitter simply displayed
posts <00:29:29.173><c>in</c>

00:29:29.235 --> 00:29:29.266 align:start position:0%
posts in
 

00:29:29.266 --> 00:29:30.142 align:start position:0%
posts in
chronological

00:29:30.142 --> 00:29:30.173 align:start position:0%
chronological
 

00:29:30.173 --> 00:29:31.961 align:start position:0%
chronological
order.  <00:29:31.519><c>Fake</c>

00:29:31.961 --> 00:29:31.993 align:start position:0%
order.  Fake
 

00:29:31.993 --> 00:29:32.879 align:start position:0%
order.  Fake
news <00:29:32.626><c>still</c>

00:29:32.879 --> 00:29:32.911 align:start position:0%
news still
 

00:29:32.911 --> 00:29:34.050 align:start position:0%
news still
spread <00:29:33.448><c>further </c><00:29:33.985><c>and</c>

00:29:34.050 --> 00:29:34.081 align:start position:0%
spread further and
 

00:29:34.081 --> 00:29:35.252 align:start position:0%
spread further and
faster <00:29:34.357><c>than </c><00:29:34.633><c>true </c><00:29:34.909><c>news </c><00:29:35.185><c>in</c>

00:29:35.252 --> 00:29:35.283 align:start position:0%
faster than true news in
 

00:29:35.283 --> 00:29:36.391 align:start position:0%
faster than true news in
every <00:29:35.805><c>category, </c><00:29:36.327><c>but</c>

00:29:36.391 --> 00:29:36.422 align:start position:0%
every category, but
 

00:29:36.422 --> 00:29:37.150 align:start position:0%
every category, but
most <00:29:36.643><c>of </c><00:29:36.864><c>all </c><00:29:37.085><c>in</c>

00:29:37.150 --> 00:29:37.182 align:start position:0%
most of all in
 

00:29:37.182 --> 00:29:39.337 align:start position:0%
most of all in
politics.  <00:29:38.795><c>Fake</c>

00:29:39.337 --> 00:29:39.375 align:start position:0%
politics.  Fake
 

00:29:39.375 --> 00:29:40.614 align:start position:0%
politics.  Fake
stories <00:29:39.975><c>were </c><00:29:40.575><c>70%</c>

00:29:40.614 --> 00:29:41.776 align:start position:0%
stories were 70%
more <00:29:40.949><c>likely </c><00:29:41.284><c>to </c><00:29:41.619><c>be</c>

00:29:41.776 --> 00:29:41.815 align:start position:0%
more likely to be
 

00:29:41.815 --> 00:29:43.170 align:start position:0%
more likely to be
retweeted, <00:29:42.144><c>while </c><00:29:42.473><c>true</c>

00:29:43.170 --> 00:29:43.209 align:start position:0%
retweeted, while true
 

00:29:43.209 --> 00:29:44.177 align:start position:0%
retweeted, while true
stories

00:29:44.177 --> 00:29:44.215 align:start position:0%
stories
 

00:29:44.215 --> 00:29:45.377 align:start position:0%
stories
took <00:29:44.990><c>six</c>

00:29:45.377 --> 00:29:45.416 align:start position:0%
took six
 

00:29:45.416 --> 00:29:46.693 align:start position:0%
took six
times <00:29:46.655><c>longer</c>

00:29:46.693 --> 00:29:46.732 align:start position:0%
times longer
 

00:29:46.732 --> 00:29:48.204 align:start position:0%
times longer
to <00:29:47.209><c>reach </c><00:29:47.686><c>1,500 </c><00:29:48.163><c>people.</c>

00:29:48.204 --> 00:29:49.100 align:start position:0%
to reach 1,500 people.
 

00:29:49.100 --> 00:29:50.064 align:start position:0%
to reach 1,500 people.
When <00:29:49.249><c>the </c><00:29:49.398><c>researchers</c>

00:29:50.064 --> 00:29:50.098 align:start position:0%
When the researchers
 

00:29:50.098 --> 00:29:51.029 align:start position:0%
When the researchers
removed <00:29:50.397><c>the </c><00:29:50.696><c>bots, </c><00:29:50.995><c>the</c>

00:29:51.029 --> 00:29:51.063 align:start position:0%
removed the bots, the
 

00:29:51.063 --> 00:29:52.094 align:start position:0%
removed the bots, the
gap <00:29:51.207><c>remained </c><00:29:51.351><c>the </c><00:29:51.495><c>same</c>

00:29:52.094 --> 00:29:52.127 align:start position:0%
gap remained the same
 

00:29:52.127 --> 00:29:52.860 align:start position:0%
gap remained the same
.

00:29:52.860 --> 00:29:53.633 align:start position:0%
.
 

00:29:53.633 --> 00:29:54.988 align:start position:0%
.
The <00:29:53.963><c>best </c><00:29:54.293><c>explanation</c>

00:29:54.988 --> 00:29:55.023 align:start position:0%
The best explanation
 

00:29:55.023 --> 00:29:55.927 align:start position:0%
The best explanation
was <00:29:55.892><c>novelty.</c>

00:29:55.927 --> 00:29:57.904 align:start position:0%
was novelty.
 

00:29:57.904 --> 00:29:59.111 align:start position:0%
 
Responses <00:29:58.285><c>to </c><00:29:58.666><c>fake</c>

00:29:59.111 --> 00:29:59.143 align:start position:0%
Responses to fake
 

00:29:59.143 --> 00:30:00.129 align:start position:0%
Responses to fake
stories <00:29:59.620><c>expressed</c>

00:30:00.129 --> 00:30:00.160 align:start position:0%
stories expressed
 

00:30:00.160 --> 00:30:01.368 align:start position:0%
stories expressed
more <00:30:00.700><c>surprise </c><00:30:01.240><c>and</c>

00:30:01.368 --> 00:30:01.400 align:start position:0%
more surprise and
 

00:30:01.400 --> 00:30:02.608 align:start position:0%
more surprise and
disgust, <00:30:01.760><c>while </c><00:30:02.120><c>responses </c><00:30:02.480><c>to</c>

00:30:02.608 --> 00:30:02.640 align:start position:0%
disgust, while responses to
 

00:30:02.640 --> 00:30:03.625 align:start position:0%
disgust, while responses to
true <00:30:02.841><c>stories </c><00:30:03.042><c>expressed </c><00:30:03.243><c>more</c>

00:30:03.625 --> 00:30:03.657 align:start position:0%
true stories expressed more
 

00:30:03.657 --> 00:30:04.769 align:start position:0%
true stories expressed more
sadness, <00:30:04.149><c>anticipation, </c><00:30:04.641><c>and</c>

00:30:04.769 --> 00:30:04.801 align:start position:0%
sadness, anticipation, and
 

00:30:04.801 --> 00:30:07.288 align:start position:0%
sadness, anticipation, and
trust.  <00:30:05.388><c>It </c><00:30:05.975><c>turned </c><00:30:06.562><c>out </c><00:30:07.149><c>that</c>

00:30:07.288 --> 00:30:07.322 align:start position:0%
trust.  It turned out that
 

00:30:07.322 --> 00:30:08.553 align:start position:0%
trust.  It turned out that
surprise <00:30:07.618><c>and </c><00:30:07.914><c>disgust </c><00:30:08.210><c>were</c>

00:30:08.553 --> 00:30:08.587 align:start position:0%
surprise and disgust were
 

00:30:08.587 --> 00:30:09.647 align:start position:0%
surprise and disgust were
more <00:30:08.809><c>engaging </c><00:30:09.031><c>for</c>

00:30:09.647 --> 00:30:09.681 align:start position:0%
more engaging for
 

00:30:09.681 --> 00:30:11.568 align:start position:0%
more engaging for
the <00:30:10.467><c>audience.  </c><00:30:11.253><c>This</c>

00:30:11.568 --> 00:30:11.600 align:start position:0%
the audience.  This
 

00:30:11.600 --> 00:30:12.667 align:start position:0%
the audience.  This
doesn't <00:30:11.945><c>require </c><00:30:12.290><c>many</c>

00:30:12.667 --> 00:30:12.698 align:start position:0%
doesn't require many
 

00:30:12.698 --> 00:30:14.367 align:start position:0%
doesn't require many
people.  <00:30:13.197><c>A </c><00:30:13.696><c>2024 </c><00:30:14.195><c>study</c>

00:30:14.367 --> 00:30:14.409 align:start position:0%
people.  A 2024 study
 

00:30:14.409 --> 00:30:15.851 align:start position:0%
people.  A 2024 study
in <00:30:14.790><c>the </c><00:30:15.171><c>journal </c><00:30:15.552><c>Science</c>

00:30:15.851 --> 00:30:15.894 align:start position:0%
in the journal Science
 

00:30:15.894 --> 00:30:17.548 align:start position:0%
in the journal Science
tracked <00:30:16.403><c>more </c><00:30:16.912><c>than </c><00:30:17.421><c>660,000</c>

00:30:17.548 --> 00:30:17.590 align:start position:0%
tracked more than 660,000
 

00:30:17.590 --> 00:30:18.778 align:start position:0%
tracked more than 660,000
registered

00:30:18.778 --> 00:30:18.821 align:start position:0%
registered
 

00:30:18.821 --> 00:30:19.923 align:start position:0%
registered
American

00:30:19.923 --> 00:30:19.966 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:30:19.966 --> 00:30:21.408 align:start position:0%
American
voters <00:30:20.560><c>on </c><00:30:21.154><c>Twitter</c>

00:30:21.408 --> 00:30:21.450 align:start position:0%
voters on Twitter
 

00:30:21.450 --> 00:30:22.978 align:start position:0%
voters on Twitter
during <00:30:21.945><c>the </c><00:30:22.440><c>2020 </c><00:30:22.935><c>election.</c>

00:30:22.978 --> 00:30:23.165 align:start position:0%
during the 2020 election.
 

00:30:23.165 --> 00:30:25.679 align:start position:0%
during the 2020 election.
Only <00:30:23.623><c>2,107 </c><00:30:24.081><c>of </c><00:30:24.539><c>them, </c><00:30:24.997><c>or</c>

00:30:25.679 --> 00:30:25.747 align:start position:0%
Only 2,107 of them, or
 

00:30:25.747 --> 00:30:27.514 align:start position:0%
Only 2,107 of them, or
0.3%, <00:30:26.171><c>spread </c><00:30:26.595><c>80% </c><00:30:27.019><c>of </c><00:30:27.443><c>the</c>

00:30:27.514 --> 00:30:30.097 align:start position:0%
0.3%, spread 80% of the
fake <00:30:27.989><c>news </c><00:30:28.464><c>of </c><00:30:28.939><c>the </c><00:30:29.414><c>entire</c>

00:30:30.097 --> 00:30:30.165 align:start position:0%
fake news of the entire
 

00:30:30.165 --> 00:30:31.783 align:start position:0%
fake news of the entire
group.  <00:30:31.089><c>Researchers</c>

00:30:31.783 --> 00:30:31.818 align:start position:0%
group.  Researchers
 

00:30:31.818 --> 00:30:32.582 align:start position:0%
group.  Researchers
have <00:30:32.049><c>called </c><00:30:32.280><c>them </c><00:30:32.511><c>"</c>

00:30:32.582 --> 00:30:33.867 align:start position:0%
have called them "
superspreaders."

00:30:33.867 --> 00:30:33.967 align:start position:0%
superspreaders."
 

00:30:33.967 --> 00:30:35.145 align:start position:0%
superspreaders."
Nothing <00:30:34.316><c>about </c><00:30:34.665><c>their </c><00:30:35.014><c>actions</c>

00:30:35.145 --> 00:30:35.178 align:start position:0%
Nothing about their actions
 

00:30:35.178 --> 00:30:35.767 align:start position:0%
Nothing about their actions
seemed

00:30:35.767 --> 00:30:35.800 align:start position:0%
seemed
 

00:30:35.800 --> 00:30:37.070 align:start position:0%
seemed
automated.  <00:30:36.915><c>These</c>

00:30:37.070 --> 00:30:37.108 align:start position:0%
automated.  These
 

00:30:37.108 --> 00:30:38.620 align:start position:0%
automated.  These
were <00:30:37.447><c>ordinary </c><00:30:37.786><c>people </c><00:30:38.125><c>with </c><00:30:38.464><c>an</c>

00:30:38.620 --> 00:30:38.659 align:start position:0%
were ordinary people with an
 

00:30:38.659 --> 00:30:39.821 align:start position:0%
were ordinary people with an
average <00:30:39.020><c>age </c><00:30:39.381><c>of </c><00:30:39.742><c>58</c>

00:30:39.821 --> 00:30:39.860 align:start position:0%
average age of 58
 

00:30:39.860 --> 00:30:41.062 align:start position:0%
average age of 58
who

00:30:41.062 --> 00:30:41.100 align:start position:0%
who
 

00:30:41.100 --> 00:30:42.364 align:start position:0%
who
retweeted <00:30:41.693><c>manually.  </c><00:30:42.286><c>On</c>

00:30:42.364 --> 00:30:42.403 align:start position:0%
retweeted manually.  On
 

00:30:42.403 --> 00:30:43.811 align:start position:0%
retweeted manually.  On
average, <00:30:42.735><c>there </c><00:30:43.067><c>are </c><00:30:43.399><c>almost </c><00:30:43.731><c>16</c>

00:30:43.811 --> 00:30:43.850 align:start position:0%
average, there are almost 16
 

00:30:43.850 --> 00:30:44.671 align:start position:0%
average, there are almost 16
links <00:30:44.514><c>to</c>

00:30:44.671 --> 00:30:44.710 align:start position:0%
links to
 

00:30:44.710 --> 00:30:45.922 align:start position:0%
links to
political <00:30:45.453><c>news</c>

00:30:45.922 --> 00:30:45.961 align:start position:0%
political news
 

00:30:45.961 --> 00:30:47.148 align:start position:0%
political news
every <00:30:46.096><c>day.  </c><00:30:46.231><c>This </c><00:30:46.366><c>is </c><00:30:46.501><c>a </c><00:30:46.636><c>level </c><00:30:46.771><c>of</c>

00:30:47.148 --> 00:30:47.179 align:start position:0%
every day.  This is a level of
 

00:30:47.179 --> 00:30:48.330 align:start position:0%
every day.  This is a level of
commitment <00:30:48.081><c>that</c>

00:30:48.330 --> 00:30:48.362 align:start position:0%
commitment that
 

00:30:48.362 --> 00:30:48.922 align:start position:0%
commitment that
most

00:30:48.922 --> 00:30:48.953 align:start position:0%
most
 

00:30:48.953 --> 00:30:50.105 align:start position:0%
most
employers <00:30:49.731><c>can</c>

00:30:50.105 --> 00:30:50.136 align:start position:0%
employers can
 

00:30:50.136 --> 00:30:51.741 align:start position:0%
employers can
only <00:30:50.647><c>dream </c><00:30:51.158><c>of.  </c><00:30:51.669><c>And</c>

00:30:51.741 --> 00:30:51.776 align:start position:0%
only dream of.  And
 

00:30:51.776 --> 00:30:53.073 align:start position:0%
only dream of.  And
the <00:30:52.068><c>content </c><00:30:52.360><c>that </c><00:30:52.652><c>causes</c>

00:30:53.073 --> 00:30:53.108 align:start position:0%
the content that causes
 

00:30:53.108 --> 00:30:54.229 align:start position:0%
the content that causes
the <00:30:53.470><c>most </c><00:30:53.832><c>harm </c><00:30:54.194><c>is</c>

00:30:54.229 --> 00:30:54.265 align:start position:0%
the most harm is
 

00:30:54.265 --> 00:30:55.527 align:start position:0%
the most harm is
often <00:30:54.878><c>not </c><00:30:55.491><c>fake.</c>

00:30:55.527 --> 00:30:56.270 align:start position:0%
often not fake.
 

00:30:56.270 --> 00:30:57.336 align:start position:0%
often not fake.
Jennifer <00:30:57.300><c>Allen,</c>

00:30:57.336 --> 00:30:57.371 align:start position:0%
Jennifer Allen,
 

00:30:57.371 --> 00:30:58.686 align:start position:0%
Jennifer Allen,
Duncan <00:30:57.691><c>Watts, </c><00:30:58.011><c>and </c><00:30:58.331><c>David</c>

00:30:58.686 --> 00:30:58.722 align:start position:0%
Duncan Watts, and David
 

00:30:58.722 --> 00:31:00.108 align:start position:0%
Duncan Watts, and David
Rand <00:30:59.308><c>studied </c><00:30:59.894><c>Facebook</c>

00:31:00.108 --> 00:31:00.143 align:start position:0%
Rand studied Facebook
 

00:31:00.143 --> 00:31:01.174 align:start position:0%
Rand studied Facebook
during <00:31:00.267><c>the </c><00:31:00.391><c>initial</c>

00:31:01.174 --> 00:31:01.209 align:start position:0%
during the initial
 

00:31:01.209 --> 00:31:02.560 align:start position:0%
during the initial
phase <00:31:02.347><c>of</c>

00:31:02.560 --> 00:31:02.595 align:start position:0%
phase of
 

00:31:02.595 --> 00:31:04.129 align:start position:0%
phase of
COVID <00:31:03.277><c>vaccination.  </c><00:31:03.959><c>Fact-checked</c>

00:31:04.129 --> 00:31:04.171 align:start position:0%
COVID vaccination.  Fact-checked
 

00:31:04.171 --> 00:31:05.269 align:start position:0%
COVID vaccination.  Fact-checked


00:31:05.269 --> 00:31:05.312 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:31:05.312 --> 00:31:06.959 align:start position:0%
 
misinformation <00:31:05.882><c>accounted </c><00:31:06.452><c>for</c>

00:31:06.959 --> 00:31:07.001 align:start position:0%
misinformation accounted for
 

00:31:07.001 --> 00:31:08.607 align:start position:0%
misinformation accounted for
only <00:31:07.187><c>0.3% </c><00:31:07.373><c>of </c><00:31:07.559><c>the </c><00:31:07.745><c>2.7 </c><00:31:07.931><c>billion</c>

00:31:08.607 --> 00:31:10.254 align:start position:0%
only 0.3% of the 2.7 billion
 

00:31:10.254 --> 00:31:11.311 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:31:11.311 --> 00:31:11.353 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:31:11.353 --> 00:31:13.529 align:start position:0%
 
vaccination-related <00:31:11.992><c>link </c><00:31:12.631><c>views.  </c><00:31:13.270><c>Although</c>

00:31:13.529 --> 00:31:13.561 align:start position:0%
vaccination-related link views.  Although
 

00:31:13.561 --> 00:31:14.786 align:start position:0%
vaccination-related link views.  Although
each <00:31:13.797><c>such </c><00:31:14.033><c>view </c><00:31:14.269><c>did</c>

00:31:14.786 --> 00:31:14.818 align:start position:0%
each such view did
 

00:31:14.818 --> 00:31:15.752 align:start position:0%
each such view did
reduce

00:31:15.752 --> 00:31:15.784 align:start position:0%
reduce
 

00:31:15.784 --> 00:31:16.589 align:start position:0%
reduce
people's <00:31:16.267><c>desire</c>

00:31:16.589 --> 00:31:16.622 align:start position:0%
people's desire
 

00:31:16.622 --> 00:31:17.846 align:start position:0%
people's desire
to <00:31:16.847><c>get </c><00:31:17.072><c>vaccinated, </c><00:31:17.297><c>almost </c><00:31:17.522><c>no</c>

00:31:17.846 --> 00:31:17.878 align:start position:0%
to get vaccinated, almost no
 

00:31:17.878 --> 00:31:18.941 align:start position:0%
to get vaccinated, almost no
one <00:31:18.189><c>saw </c><00:31:18.500><c>these </c><00:31:18.811><c>posts</c>

00:31:18.941 --> 00:31:18.973 align:start position:0%
one saw these posts
 

00:31:18.973 --> 00:31:19.328 align:start position:0%
one saw these posts
.

00:31:19.328 --> 00:31:20.634 align:start position:0%
.
 

00:31:20.634 --> 00:31:21.669 align:start position:0%
 
The most popular

00:31:21.669 --> 00:31:21.703 align:start position:0%
The most popular
 

00:31:21.703 --> 00:31:22.808 align:start position:0%
The most popular
story <00:31:21.933><c>in </c><00:31:22.163><c>the </c><00:31:22.393><c>entire</c>

00:31:22.808 --> 00:31:22.842 align:start position:0%
story in the entire
 

00:31:22.842 --> 00:31:23.947 align:start position:0%
story in the entire
dataset <00:31:23.256><c>was </c><00:31:23.670><c>a</c>

00:31:23.947 --> 00:31:23.981 align:start position:0%
dataset was a
 

00:31:23.981 --> 00:31:25.120 align:start position:0%
dataset was a
Chicago <00:31:24.481><c>Tribune </c><00:31:24.981><c>article</c>

00:31:25.120 --> 00:31:25.155 align:start position:0%
Chicago Tribune article
 

00:31:25.155 --> 00:31:26.501 align:start position:0%
Chicago Tribune article
headlined <00:31:25.948><c>“Healthy</c>

00:31:26.501 --> 00:31:26.535 align:start position:0%
headlined “Healthy
 

00:31:26.535 --> 00:31:27.709 align:start position:0%
headlined “Healthy
doctor <00:31:27.104><c>dies </c><00:31:27.673><c>2</c>

00:31:27.709 --> 00:31:27.743 align:start position:0%
doctor dies 2
 

00:31:27.743 --> 00:31:28.468 align:start position:0%
doctor dies 2
weeks <00:31:28.123><c>after</c>

00:31:28.468 --> 00:31:28.502 align:start position:0%
weeks after
 

00:31:28.502 --> 00:31:29.641 align:start position:0%
weeks after
receiving

00:31:29.641 --> 00:31:29.676 align:start position:0%
receiving
 

00:31:29.676 --> 00:31:32.096 align:start position:0%
receiving
COVID <00:31:29.984><c>vaccine.”  </c><00:31:30.292><c>The </c><00:31:30.600><c>CDC </c><00:31:30.908><c>is </c><00:31:31.216><c>investigating</c>

00:31:32.096 --> 00:31:32.145 align:start position:0%
COVID vaccine.”  The CDC is investigating
 

00:31:32.145 --> 00:31:34.487 align:start position:0%
COVID vaccine.”  The CDC is investigating
the <00:31:32.901><c>causes."  </c><00:31:33.657><c>Over </c><00:31:34.413><c>50</c>

00:31:34.487 --> 00:31:34.524 align:start position:0%
the causes."  Over 50
 

00:31:34.524 --> 00:31:35.594 align:start position:0%
the causes."  Over 50
million <00:31:35.225><c>people</c>

00:31:35.594 --> 00:31:35.631 align:start position:0%
million people
 

00:31:35.631 --> 00:31:36.480 align:start position:0%
million people
saw <00:31:36.259><c>this</c>

00:31:36.480 --> 00:31:36.517 align:start position:0%
saw this
 

00:31:36.517 --> 00:31:37.661 align:start position:0%
saw this
headline <00:31:37.070><c>on </c><00:31:37.623><c>Facebook,</c>

00:31:37.661 --> 00:31:37.698 align:start position:0%
headline on Facebook,
 

00:31:37.698 --> 00:31:38.620 align:start position:0%
headline on Facebook,
or <00:31:37.993><c>over </c><00:31:38.288><c>20% </c><00:31:38.583><c>of</c>

00:31:38.620 --> 00:31:39.580 align:start position:0%
or over 20% of
American

00:31:39.580 --> 00:31:39.617 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:31:39.617 --> 00:31:40.908 align:start position:0%
American
users, <00:31:40.152><c>and </c><00:31:40.687><c>it</c>

00:31:40.908 --> 00:31:40.945 align:start position:0%
users, and it
 

00:31:40.945 --> 00:31:42.385 align:start position:0%
users, and it
received <00:31:41.480><c>six </c><00:31:42.015><c>times</c>

00:31:42.385 --> 00:31:42.421 align:start position:0%
received six times
 

00:31:42.421 --> 00:31:43.676 align:start position:0%
received six times
more <00:31:43.639><c>views</c>

00:31:43.676 --> 00:31:43.713 align:start position:0%
more views
 

00:31:43.713 --> 00:31:44.746 align:start position:0%
more views
than <00:31:43.885><c>all </c><00:31:44.057><c>the </c><00:31:44.229><c>debunked</c>

00:31:44.746 --> 00:31:44.783 align:start position:0%
than all the debunked
 

00:31:44.783 --> 00:31:46.149 align:start position:0%
than all the debunked
misinformation <00:31:45.780><c>combined</c>

00:31:46.149 --> 00:31:46.186 align:start position:0%
misinformation combined
 

00:31:46.186 --> 00:31:47.806 align:start position:0%
misinformation combined
.  <00:31:47.323><c>Overall,</c>

00:31:47.806 --> 00:31:47.840 align:start position:0%
.  Overall,
 

00:31:47.840 --> 00:31:48.531 align:start position:0%
.  Overall,
the researchers

00:31:48.531 --> 00:31:48.565 align:start position:0%
the researchers
 

00:31:48.565 --> 00:31:49.532 align:start position:0%
the researchers
estimated <00:31:49.394><c>that</c>

00:31:49.532 --> 00:31:49.566 align:start position:0%
estimated that
 

00:31:49.566 --> 00:31:50.326 align:start position:0%
estimated that
stories <00:31:50.119><c>that</c>

00:31:50.326 --> 00:31:50.361 align:start position:0%
stories that
 

00:31:50.361 --> 00:31:51.672 align:start position:0%
stories that
raised

00:31:51.672 --> 00:31:51.707 align:start position:0%
raised
 

00:31:51.707 --> 00:31:52.846 align:start position:0%
raised
vaccine <00:31:52.207><c>skepticism </c><00:31:52.707><c>and</c>

00:31:52.846 --> 00:31:52.881 align:start position:0%
vaccine skepticism and
 

00:31:52.881 --> 00:31:53.985 align:start position:0%
vaccine skepticism and
were <00:31:53.203><c>never </c><00:31:53.525><c>labeled </c><00:31:53.847><c>as</c>

00:31:53.985 --> 00:31:54.020 align:start position:0%
were never labeled as
 

00:31:54.020 --> 00:31:55.297 align:start position:0%
were never labeled as
fake <00:31:54.253><c>had </c><00:31:54.486><c>a </c><00:31:54.719><c>46 </c><00:31:54.952><c>times</c>

00:31:55.297 --> 00:31:55.332 align:start position:0%
fake had a 46 times
 

00:31:55.332 --> 00:31:56.367 align:start position:0%
fake had a 46 times
greater <00:31:55.780><c>impact </c><00:31:56.228><c>on</c>

00:31:56.367 --> 00:31:57.196 align:start position:0%
greater impact on
 

00:31:57.196 --> 00:31:57.231 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:31:57.231 --> 00:31:58.971 align:start position:0%
 
vaccine <00:31:58.035><c>hesitancy.  </c><00:31:58.839><c>This</c>

00:31:58.971 --> 00:31:59.004 align:start position:0%
vaccine hesitancy.  This
 

00:31:59.004 --> 00:31:59.930 align:start position:0%
vaccine hesitancy.  This
brings <00:31:59.268><c>us </c><00:31:59.532><c>back </c><00:31:59.796><c>to</c>

00:31:59.930 --> 00:31:59.963 align:start position:0%
brings us back to
 

00:31:59.963 --> 00:32:00.526 align:start position:0%
brings us back to
the <00:32:00.128><c>graph </c><00:32:00.293><c>from </c><00:32:00.458><c>the</c>

00:32:00.526 --> 00:32:00.559 align:start position:0%
the graph from the
 

00:32:00.559 --> 00:32:01.909 align:start position:0%
the graph from the
future.  <00:32:01.701><c>He</c>

00:32:01.909 --> 00:32:01.944 align:start position:0%
future.  He
 

00:32:01.944 --> 00:32:03.195 align:start position:0%
future.  He
simply <00:32:02.245><c>told </c><00:32:02.546><c>people </c><00:32:02.847><c>what</c>

00:32:03.195 --> 00:32:03.230 align:start position:0%
simply told people what
 

00:32:03.230 --> 00:32:04.343 align:start position:0%
simply told people what
they <00:32:03.578><c>wanted </c><00:32:03.926><c>to</c>

00:32:04.343 --> 00:32:04.378 align:start position:0%
they wanted to
 

00:32:04.378 --> 00:32:05.549 align:start position:0%
they wanted to
hear.  <00:32:04.557><c>So, </c><00:32:04.736><c>a </c><00:32:04.915><c>member </c><00:32:05.094><c>of </c><00:32:05.273><c>the</c>

00:32:05.549 --> 00:32:05.584 align:start position:0%
hear.  So, a member of the
 

00:32:05.584 --> 00:32:06.479 align:start position:0%
hear.  So, a member of the
European

00:32:06.479 --> 00:32:06.513 align:start position:0%
European
 

00:32:06.513 --> 00:32:07.855 align:start position:0%
European
Parliament <00:32:07.236><c>shared</c>

00:32:07.855 --> 00:32:07.890 align:start position:0%
Parliament shared
 

00:32:07.890 --> 00:32:08.888 align:start position:0%
Parliament shared
this, <00:32:08.039><c>and </c><00:32:08.188><c>4 </c><00:32:08.337><c>million</c>

00:32:08.888 --> 00:32:08.923 align:start position:0%
this, and 4 million
 

00:32:08.923 --> 00:32:10.059 align:start position:0%
this, and 4 million
people <00:32:09.473><c>saw </c><00:32:10.023><c>it.</c>

00:32:10.059 --> 00:32:10.937 align:start position:0%
people saw it.
 

00:32:10.937 --> 00:32:11.966 align:start position:0%
people saw it.
When <00:32:11.113><c>a </c><00:32:11.289><c>graph </c><00:32:11.465><c>is </c><00:32:11.641><c>so</c>

00:32:11.966 --> 00:32:11.998 align:start position:0%
When a graph is so
 

00:32:11.998 --> 00:32:13.252 align:start position:0%
When a graph is so
attractive, <00:32:13.059><c>few</c>

00:32:13.252 --> 00:32:13.284 align:start position:0%
attractive, few
 

00:32:13.284 --> 00:32:14.474 align:start position:0%
attractive, few
of <00:32:13.573><c>us </c><00:32:13.862><c>look </c><00:32:14.151><c>closely </c><00:32:14.440><c>at</c>

00:32:14.474 --> 00:32:14.507 align:start position:0%
of us look closely at
 

00:32:14.507 --> 00:32:15.697 align:start position:0%
of us look closely at
how <00:32:14.675><c>far </c><00:32:14.843><c>into </c><00:32:15.011><c>the </c><00:32:15.179><c>future</c>

00:32:15.697 --> 00:32:15.729 align:start position:0%
how far into the future
 

00:32:15.729 --> 00:32:20.058 align:start position:0%
how far into the future
this <00:32:17.160><c>data </c><00:32:18.591><c>goes.  </c><00:32:20.022><c>So,</c>

00:32:20.058 --> 00:32:20.093 align:start position:0%
this data goes.  So,
 

00:32:20.093 --> 00:32:21.431 align:start position:0%
this data goes.  So,
academies <00:32:20.527><c>in </c><00:32:20.961><c>Sri </c><00:32:21.395><c>Lanka,</c>

00:32:21.431 --> 00:32:21.466 align:start position:0%
academies in Sri Lanka,
 

00:32:21.466 --> 00:32:22.697 align:start position:0%
academies in Sri Lanka,
ad-

00:32:22.697 --> 00:32:22.732 align:start position:0%
ad-
 

00:32:22.732 --> 00:32:24.105 align:start position:0%
ad-
bid <00:32:22.916><c>arbitrage, </c><00:32:23.100><c>and </c><00:32:23.284><c>set-top </c><00:32:23.468><c>boxes</c>

00:32:24.105 --> 00:32:24.140 align:start position:0%
bid arbitrage, and set-top boxes
 

00:32:24.140 --> 00:32:25.090 align:start position:0%
bid arbitrage, and set-top boxes
in <00:32:24.544><c>Ohio—they </c><00:32:24.948><c>all</c>

00:32:25.090 --> 00:32:25.125 align:start position:0%
in Ohio—they all
 

00:32:25.125 --> 00:32:26.392 align:start position:0%
in Ohio—they all
depend <00:32:25.547><c>on </c><00:32:25.969><c>one</c>

00:32:26.392 --> 00:32:26.427 align:start position:0%
depend on one
 

00:32:26.427 --> 00:32:27.483 align:start position:0%
depend on one
raw <00:32:26.744><c>material: </c><00:32:27.061><c>our</c>

00:32:27.483 --> 00:32:27.518 align:start position:0%
raw material: our
 

00:32:27.518 --> 00:32:28.538 align:start position:0%
raw material: our
outrage, <00:32:27.958><c>which </c><00:32:28.398><c>we</c>

00:32:28.538 --> 00:32:28.574 align:start position:0%
outrage, which we
 

00:32:28.574 --> 00:32:29.664 align:start position:0%
outrage, which we
supply <00:32:28.767><c>every </c><00:32:28.960><c>day,</c>

00:32:29.664 --> 00:32:29.700 align:start position:0%
supply every day,
 

00:32:29.700 --> 00:32:30.333 align:start position:0%
supply every day,
absolutely

00:32:30.333 --> 00:32:30.368 align:start position:0%
absolutely
 

00:32:30.368 --> 00:32:34.494 align:start position:0%
absolutely
free.  <00:32:34.292><c>I</c>

00:32:34.494 --> 00:32:34.528 align:start position:0%
free.  I
 

00:32:34.528 --> 00:32:35.707 align:start position:0%
free.  I
mentioned <00:32:34.876><c>earlier </c><00:32:35.224><c>that </c><00:32:35.572><c>it</c>

00:32:35.707 --> 00:32:37.022 align:start position:0%
mentioned earlier that it
 

00:32:37.022 --> 00:32:37.056 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:32:37.056 --> 00:32:38.135 align:start position:0%
 
was <00:32:37.528><c>shamefully</c>

00:32:38.135 --> 00:32:38.168 align:start position:0%
was shamefully
 

00:32:38.168 --> 00:32:40.666 align:start position:0%
was shamefully
easy <00:32:38.501><c>to </c><00:32:38.834><c>seize </c><00:32:39.167><c>these </c><00:32:39.500><c>devices.  </c><00:32:39.833><c>The </c><00:32:40.166><c>Mirai </c><00:32:40.499><c>botnet</c>

00:32:40.666 --> 00:32:40.698 align:start position:0%
easy to seize these devices.  The Mirai botnet
 

00:32:40.698 --> 00:32:41.408 align:start position:0%
easy to seize these devices.  The Mirai botnet
spread

00:32:41.408 --> 00:32:41.440 align:start position:0%
spread
 

00:32:41.440 --> 00:32:42.376 align:start position:0%
spread
primarily <00:32:41.746><c>by </c><00:32:42.052><c>brute</c>

00:32:42.376 --> 00:32:42.408 align:start position:0%
primarily by brute
 

00:32:42.408 --> 00:32:43.666 align:start position:0%
primarily by brute
-forcing <00:32:42.650><c>a </c><00:32:42.892><c>standard</c>

00:32:43.666 --> 00:32:43.698 align:start position:0%
-forcing a standard
 

00:32:43.698 --> 00:32:44.376 align:start position:0%
-forcing a standard
list <00:32:44.118><c>of</c>

00:32:44.376 --> 00:32:44.408 align:start position:0%
list of
 

00:32:44.408 --> 00:32:45.279 align:start position:0%
list of
usernames <00:32:45.214><c>and</c>

00:32:45.279 --> 00:32:45.311 align:start position:0%
usernames and
 

00:32:45.311 --> 00:32:45.988 align:start position:0%
usernames and
passwords <00:32:45.795><c>from</c>

00:32:45.988 --> 00:32:46.021 align:start position:0%
passwords from
 

00:32:46.021 --> 00:32:48.090 align:start position:0%
passwords from
the <00:32:46.983><c>manufacturer.  </c><00:32:47.945><c>On</c>

00:32:48.090 --> 00:32:48.127 align:start position:0%
the manufacturer.  On
 

00:32:48.127 --> 00:32:49.404 align:start position:0%
the manufacturer.  On
many <00:32:48.747><c>consumer</c>

00:32:49.404 --> 00:32:49.441 align:start position:0%
many consumer
 

00:32:49.441 --> 00:32:50.864 align:start position:0%
many consumer
devices, <00:32:50.006><c>both </c><00:32:50.571><c>are</c>

00:32:50.864 --> 00:32:53.595 align:start position:0%
devices, both are
simply <00:32:52.194><c>“admin.”  </c><00:32:53.524><c>On</c>

00:32:53.595 --> 00:32:53.631 align:start position:0%
simply “admin.”  On
 

00:32:53.631 --> 00:32:54.905 align:start position:0%
simply “admin.”  On
October <00:32:54.032><c>12, </c><00:32:54.433><c>researchers </c><00:32:54.834><c>from</c>

00:32:54.905 --> 00:32:54.940 align:start position:0%
October 12, researchers from
 

00:32:54.940 --> 00:32:56.144 align:start position:0%
October 12, researchers from
Anthropic <00:32:55.117><c>published </c><00:32:55.294><c>a</c>

00:32:56.144 --> 00:32:56.179 align:start position:0%
Anthropic published a
 

00:32:56.179 --> 00:32:57.064 align:start position:0%
Anthropic published a
paper

00:32:57.064 --> 00:32:57.099 align:start position:0%
paper
 

00:32:57.099 --> 00:32:58.480 align:start position:0%
paper
testing <00:32:58.055><c>whether</c>

00:32:58.480 --> 00:32:58.515 align:start position:0%
testing whether
 

00:32:58.515 --> 00:32:59.789 align:start position:0%
testing whether
AI <00:32:58.727><c>models </c><00:32:58.939><c>could </c><00:32:59.151><c>run</c>

00:32:59.789 --> 00:32:59.825 align:start position:0%
AI models could run
 

00:32:59.825 --> 00:33:01.135 align:start position:0%
AI models could run
on <00:33:00.238><c>such </c><00:33:00.651><c>devices </c><00:33:01.064><c>and</c>

00:33:01.135 --> 00:33:01.170 align:start position:0%
on such devices and
 

00:33:01.170 --> 00:33:02.480 align:start position:0%
on such devices and
subsequently <00:33:01.400><c>spread </c><00:33:01.630><c>through</c>

00:33:02.480 --> 00:33:02.515 align:start position:0%
subsequently spread through
 

00:33:02.515 --> 00:33:05.660 align:start position:0%
subsequently spread through
them.  <00:33:03.537><c>They </c><00:33:04.559><c>bought </c><00:33:05.581><c>15</c>

00:33:05.660 --> 00:33:05.700 align:start position:0%
them.  They bought 15
 

00:33:05.700 --> 00:33:06.919 align:start position:0%
them.  They bought 15
little-known <00:33:06.880><c>Android</c>

00:33:06.919 --> 00:33:08.374 align:start position:0%
little-known Android
consoles <00:33:07.292><c>for </c><00:33:07.665><c>about</c>

00:33:08.374 --> 00:33:08.413 align:start position:0%
consoles for about
 

00:33:08.413 --> 00:33:09.750 align:start position:0%
consoles for about
$55 <00:33:09.711><c>each,</c>

00:33:09.750 --> 00:33:09.790 align:start position:0%
$55 each,
 

00:33:09.790 --> 00:33:11.284 align:start position:0%
$55 each,
networked <00:33:10.812><c>them,</c>

00:33:11.284 --> 00:33:11.324 align:start position:0%
networked them,
 

00:33:11.324 --> 00:33:12.857 align:start position:0%
networked them,
and <00:33:11.589><c>ran </c><00:33:11.854><c>an </c><00:33:12.119><c>AI </c><00:33:12.384><c>model</c>

00:33:12.857 --> 00:33:12.897 align:start position:0%
and ran an AI model
 

00:33:12.897 --> 00:33:15.426 align:start position:0%
and ran an AI model
on <00:33:13.413><c>all </c><00:33:13.929><c>of </c><00:33:14.445><c>them.  </c><00:33:14.961><c>It</c>

00:33:15.426 --> 00:33:15.484 align:start position:0%
on all of them.  It
 

00:33:15.484 --> 00:33:17.748 align:start position:0%
on all of them.  It
issued <00:33:16.161><c>0.39 </c><00:33:16.838><c>tokens </c><00:33:17.515><c>per</c>

00:33:17.748 --> 00:33:17.806 align:start position:0%
issued 0.39 tokens per
 

00:33:17.806 --> 00:33:20.078 align:start position:0%
issued 0.39 tokens per
second.  <00:33:18.451><c>A </c><00:33:19.096><c>full </c><00:33:19.741><c>tweet</c>

00:33:20.078 --> 00:33:21.290 align:start position:0%
second.  A full tweet
is <00:33:20.642><c>about </c><00:33:21.206><c>70</c>

00:33:21.290 --> 00:33:21.332 align:start position:0%
is about 70
 

00:33:21.332 --> 00:33:22.908 align:start position:0%
is about 70
tokens.  <00:33:22.052><c>So </c><00:33:22.772><c>that's</c>

00:33:22.908 --> 00:33:22.942 align:start position:0%
tokens.  So that's
 

00:33:22.942 --> 00:33:24.239 align:start position:0%
tokens.  So that's
about <00:33:23.420><c>one </c><00:33:23.898><c>post</c>

00:33:24.239 --> 00:33:24.273 align:start position:0%
about one post
 

00:33:24.273 --> 00:33:25.399 align:start position:0%
about one post
every <00:33:24.520><c>3 </c><00:33:24.767><c>minutes, </c><00:33:25.014><c>which </c><00:33:25.261><c>would</c>

00:33:25.399 --> 00:33:25.434 align:start position:0%
every 3 minutes, which would
 

00:33:25.434 --> 00:33:26.491 align:start position:0%
every 3 minutes, which would
still <00:33:26.423><c>make</c>

00:33:26.491 --> 00:33:26.526 align:start position:0%
still make
 

00:33:26.526 --> 00:33:27.345 align:start position:0%
still make
it <00:33:26.753><c>one </c><00:33:26.980><c>of </c><00:33:27.207><c>the</c>

00:33:27.345 --> 00:33:27.379 align:start position:0%
it one of the
 

00:33:27.379 --> 00:33:28.539 align:start position:0%
it one of the
most productive

00:33:28.539 --> 00:33:28.573 align:start position:0%
most productive
 

00:33:28.573 --> 00:33:30.234 align:start position:0%
most productive
accounts <00:33:29.105><c>on </c><00:33:29.637><c>Twitter.  </c><00:33:30.169><c>The</c>

00:33:30.234 --> 00:33:30.267 align:start position:0%
accounts on Twitter.  The
 

00:33:30.267 --> 00:33:30.655 align:start position:0%
accounts on Twitter.  The
article

00:33:30.655 --> 00:33:30.687 align:start position:0%
article
 

00:33:30.687 --> 00:33:31.949 align:start position:0%
article
warns <00:33:31.253><c>that </c><00:33:31.819><c>it</c>

00:33:31.949 --> 00:33:33.243 align:start position:0%
warns that it
 

00:33:33.243 --> 00:33:34.117 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:33:34.117 --> 00:33:34.149 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:33:34.149 --> 00:33:34.796 align:start position:0%
 


00:33:34.796 --> 00:33:35.993 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:33:35.993 --> 00:33:36.026 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:33:36.026 --> 00:33:36.996 align:start position:0%
 
may

00:33:36.996 --> 00:33:37.029 align:start position:0%
may
 

00:33:37.029 --> 00:33:38.097 align:start position:0%
may
be

00:33:38.097 --> 00:33:38.129 align:start position:0%
be
 

00:33:38.129 --> 00:33:40.387 align:start position:0%
be
months <00:33:38.250><c>before </c><00:33:38.371><c>small </c><00:33:38.492><c>AI </c><00:33:38.613><c>models </c><00:33:38.734><c>can </c><00:33:38.855><c>independently </c><00:33:38.976><c>copy </c><00:33:39.097><c>themselves </c><00:33:39.218><c>to </c><00:33:39.339><c>such </c><00:33:39.460><c>devices.  </c><00:33:39.581><c>In </c><00:33:39.702><c>a </c><00:33:39.823><c>separate</c>

00:33:40.387 --> 00:33:40.422 align:start position:0%
months before small AI models can independently copy themselves to such devices.  In a separate
 

00:33:40.422 --> 00:33:41.733 align:start position:0%
months before small AI models can independently copy themselves to such devices.  In a separate
test, <00:33:40.611><c>where </c><00:33:40.800><c>the </c><00:33:40.989><c>AI ​​</c><00:33:41.178><c>copied</c>

00:33:41.733 --> 00:33:41.768 align:start position:0%
test, where the AI ​​copied
 

00:33:41.768 --> 00:33:43.010 align:start position:0%
test, where the AI ​​copied
itself <00:33:42.009><c>onto </c><00:33:42.250><c>simulated</c>

00:33:43.010 --> 00:33:43.045 align:start position:0%
itself onto simulated
 

00:33:43.045 --> 00:33:44.218 align:start position:0%
itself onto simulated
Android <00:33:43.493><c>devices, </c><00:33:43.941><c>the</c>

00:33:44.218 --> 00:33:44.253 align:start position:0%
Android devices, the
 

00:33:44.253 --> 00:33:44.839 align:start position:0%
Android devices, the
hacking <00:33:44.442><c>stage </c><00:33:44.631><c>was</c>

00:33:44.839 --> 00:33:44.874 align:start position:0%
hacking stage was
 

00:33:44.874 --> 00:33:45.668 align:start position:0%
hacking stage was
trivial.

00:33:45.668 --> 00:33:47.028 align:start position:0%
trivial.
 

00:33:47.028 --> 00:33:48.262 align:start position:0%
 
The <00:33:47.210><c>devices </c><00:33:47.392><c>had </c><00:33:47.574><c>no </c><00:33:47.756><c>password </c><00:33:47.938><c>at </c><00:33:48.120><c>all</c>

00:33:48.262 --> 00:33:48.296 align:start position:0%
The devices had no password at all
 

00:33:48.296 --> 00:33:50.460 align:start position:0%
The devices had no password at all
.  <00:33:50.426><c>But</c>

00:33:50.460 --> 00:33:50.495 align:start position:0%
.  But
 

00:33:50.495 --> 00:33:51.389 align:start position:0%
.  But
given <00:33:51.252><c>how</c>

00:33:51.389 --> 00:33:51.424 align:start position:0%
given how
 

00:33:51.424 --> 00:33:52.421 align:start position:0%
given how
Mirai <00:33:52.387><c>spread,</c>

00:33:52.421 --> 00:33:52.456 align:start position:0%
Mirai spread,
 

00:33:52.456 --> 00:33:53.144 align:start position:0%
Mirai spread,
researchers

00:33:53.144 --> 00:33:53.178 align:start position:0%
researchers
 

00:33:53.178 --> 00:33:54.073 align:start position:0%
researchers
note <00:33:53.935><c>that</c>

00:33:54.073 --> 00:33:54.107 align:start position:0%
note that
 

00:33:54.107 --> 00:33:55.346 align:start position:0%
note that
real-

00:33:55.346 --> 00:33:55.380 align:start position:0%
real-
 

00:33:55.380 --> 00:33:56.516 align:start position:0%
real-
world <00:33:55.629><c>security </c><00:33:55.878><c>may </c><00:33:56.127><c>not </c><00:33:56.376><c>be</c>

00:33:56.516 --> 00:33:56.550 align:start position:0%
world security may not be
 

00:33:56.550 --> 00:33:57.858 align:start position:0%
world security may not be
much <00:33:57.186><c>more </c><00:33:57.822><c>difficult.</c>

00:33:57.858 --> 00:33:58.994 align:start position:0%
much more difficult.
 

00:33:58.994 --> 00:33:59.908 align:start position:0%
 
They <00:33:59.277><c>compare</c>

00:33:59.908 --> 00:33:59.939 align:start position:0%
They compare
 

00:33:59.939 --> 00:34:00.664 align:start position:0%
They compare
the <00:34:00.138><c>result </c><00:34:00.337><c>to </c><00:34:00.536><c>a</c>

00:34:00.664 --> 00:34:00.696 align:start position:0%
the result to a
 

00:34:00.696 --> 00:34:01.358 align:start position:0%
the result to a
slime <00:34:01.326><c>mold:</c>

00:34:01.358 --> 00:34:01.389 align:start position:0%
slime mold:
 

00:34:01.389 --> 00:34:02.493 align:start position:0%
slime mold:
slow, <00:34:02.241><c>but</c>

00:34:02.493 --> 00:34:02.524 align:start position:0%
slow, but
 

00:34:02.524 --> 00:34:03.407 align:start position:0%
slow, but
difficult <00:34:02.950><c>to </c><00:34:03.376><c>stop</c>

00:34:03.407 --> 00:34:03.439 align:start position:0%
difficult to stop
 

00:34:03.439 --> 00:34:04.290 align:start position:0%
difficult to stop
because <00:34:03.617><c>there </c><00:34:03.795><c>is </c><00:34:03.973><c>no</c>

00:34:04.290 --> 00:34:04.321 align:start position:0%
because there is no
 

00:34:04.321 --> 00:34:05.267 align:start position:0%
because there is no
centralized

00:34:05.267 --> 00:34:05.299 align:start position:0%
centralized
 

00:34:05.299 --> 00:34:07.932 align:start position:0%
centralized
shutdown <00:34:06.130><c>point.  </c><00:34:06.961><c>This </c><00:34:07.792><c>is</c>

00:34:07.932 --> 00:34:07.966 align:start position:0%
shutdown point.  This is
 

00:34:07.966 --> 00:34:08.864 align:start position:0%
shutdown point.  This is
the opposite of the

00:34:08.864 --> 00:34:08.899 align:start position:0%
the opposite of the
 

00:34:08.899 --> 00:34:11.660 align:start position:0%
the opposite of the
Yandex <00:34:10.180><c>problem.  </c><00:34:11.461><c>All</c>

00:34:11.660 --> 00:34:11.693 align:start position:0%
Yandex problem.  All
 

00:34:11.693 --> 00:34:12.919 align:start position:0%
Yandex problem.  All
2 <00:34:12.008><c>million </c><00:34:12.323><c>devices</c>

00:34:12.919 --> 00:34:12.952 align:start position:0%
2 million devices
 

00:34:12.952 --> 00:34:13.747 align:start position:0%
2 million devices
in <00:34:13.128><c>Kim </c><00:34:13.304><c>Ulbricht's </c><00:34:13.480><c>network</c>

00:34:13.747 --> 00:34:14.873 align:start position:0%
in Kim Ulbricht's network
 

00:34:14.873 --> 00:34:14.906 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:34:14.906 --> 00:34:16.032 align:start position:0%
 
would <00:34:14.985><c>combined </c><00:34:15.064><c>provide </c><00:34:15.143><c>at </c><00:34:15.222><c>most </c><00:34:15.301><c>the</c>

00:34:16.032 --> 00:34:16.065 align:start position:0%
would combined provide at most the
 

00:34:16.065 --> 00:34:16.927 align:start position:0%
would combined provide at most the
computing

00:34:16.927 --> 00:34:16.960 align:start position:0%
computing
 

00:34:16.960 --> 00:34:18.218 align:start position:0%
computing
power <00:34:17.357><c>of </c><00:34:17.754><c>about </c><00:34:18.151><c>40</c>

00:34:18.218 --> 00:34:18.251 align:start position:0%
power of about 40
 

00:34:18.251 --> 00:34:21.001 align:start position:0%
power of about 40
high-end <00:34:18.908><c>graphics </c><00:34:19.565><c>cards.  </c><00:34:20.222><c>It </c><00:34:20.879><c>would</c>

00:34:21.001 --> 00:34:21.032 align:start position:0%
high-end graphics cards.  It would
 

00:34:21.032 --> 00:34:21.828 align:start position:0%
high-end graphics cards.  It would
be <00:34:21.215><c>the </c><00:34:21.398><c>least</c>

00:34:21.828 --> 00:34:21.858 align:start position:0%
be the least
 

00:34:21.858 --> 00:34:22.777 align:start position:0%
be the least
efficient <00:34:22.746><c>data</c>

00:34:22.777 --> 00:34:23.757 align:start position:0%
efficient data
center <00:34:23.726><c>ever</c>

00:34:23.757 --> 00:34:24.859 align:start position:0%
center ever
built,

00:34:24.859 --> 00:34:24.890 align:start position:0%
built,
 

00:34:24.890 --> 00:34:25.901 align:start position:0%
built,
but <00:34:25.127><c>it </c><00:34:25.364><c>wouldn't </c><00:34:25.601><c>be </c><00:34:25.838><c>in</c>

00:34:25.901 --> 00:34:25.931 align:start position:0%
but it wouldn't be in
 

00:34:25.931 --> 00:34:27.095 align:start position:0%
but it wouldn't be in
one <00:34:26.278><c>building, </c><00:34:26.625><c>so </c><00:34:26.972><c>you</c>

00:34:27.095 --> 00:34:27.126 align:start position:0%
one building, so you
 

00:34:27.126 --> 00:34:28.197 align:start position:0%
one building, so you
couldn't <00:34:27.769><c>destroy</c>

00:34:28.197 --> 00:34:28.228 align:start position:0%
couldn't destroy
 

00:34:28.228 --> 00:34:29.239 align:start position:0%
couldn't destroy
it <00:34:28.473><c>with </c><00:34:28.718><c>a </c><00:34:28.963><c>drone </c><00:34:29.208><c>strike.</c>

00:34:29.239 --> 00:34:31.245 align:start position:0%
it with a drone strike.
 

00:34:31.245 --> 00:34:32.299 align:start position:0%
 
So <00:34:31.406><c>what </c><00:34:31.567><c>is </c><00:34:31.728><c>the </c><00:34:31.889><c>defense</c>

00:34:32.299 --> 00:34:32.333 align:start position:0%
So what is the defense
 

00:34:32.333 --> 00:34:33.320 align:start position:0%
So what is the defense
against

00:34:33.320 --> 00:34:34.170 align:start position:0%
against
 

00:34:34.170 --> 00:34:34.204 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:34:34.204 --> 00:34:35.395 align:start position:0%
 
self-replicating <00:34:34.782><c>digital </c><00:34:35.360><c>slime?</c>

00:34:35.395 --> 00:34:36.548 align:start position:0%
self-replicating digital slime?
 

00:34:36.548 --> 00:34:37.845 align:start position:0%
 
The <00:34:36.720><c>proposals </c><00:34:36.892><c>in </c><00:34:37.064><c>the </c><00:34:37.236><c>article </c><00:34:37.408><c>are</c>

00:34:37.845 --> 00:34:37.881 align:start position:0%
The proposals in the article are
 

00:34:37.881 --> 00:34:40.348 align:start position:0%
The proposals in the article are
quite <00:34:38.950><c>modest.  </c><00:34:40.019><c>When</c>

00:34:40.348 --> 00:34:40.389 align:start position:0%
quite modest.  When
 

00:34:40.389 --> 00:34:41.455 align:start position:0%
quite modest.  When
one

00:34:41.455 --> 00:34:42.891 align:start position:0%
one
ISP <00:34:42.235><c>isolated</c>

00:34:42.891 --> 00:34:42.932 align:start position:0%
ISP isolated
 

00:34:42.932 --> 00:34:44.122 align:start position:0%
ISP isolated
its <00:34:43.383><c>infected</c>

00:34:44.122 --> 00:34:44.163 align:start position:0%
its infected
 

00:34:44.163 --> 00:34:45.721 align:start position:0%
its infected
customers <00:34:44.573><c>and </c><00:34:44.983><c>notified</c>

00:34:45.721 --> 00:34:45.763 align:start position:0%
customers and notified
 

00:34:45.763 --> 00:34:47.280 align:start position:0%
customers and notified
them, <00:34:46.275><c>it </c><00:34:46.787><c>eliminated</c>

00:34:47.280 --> 00:34:47.321 align:start position:0%
them, it eliminated
 

00:34:47.321 --> 00:34:48.347 align:start position:0%
them, it eliminated
92% <00:34:47.594><c>of </c><00:34:47.867><c>Mirai </c><00:34:48.140><c>infections</c>

00:34:48.347 --> 00:34:48.388 align:start position:0%
92% of Mirai infections
 

00:34:48.388 --> 00:34:50.701 align:start position:0%
92% of Mirai infections
within <00:34:49.137><c>14 </c><00:34:49.886><c>days.  </c><00:34:50.635><c>And</c>

00:34:50.701 --> 00:34:50.734 align:start position:0%
within 14 days.  And
 

00:34:50.734 --> 00:34:51.699 align:start position:0%
within 14 days.  And
the <00:34:51.167><c>UK</c>

00:34:51.699 --> 00:34:51.733 align:start position:0%
the UK
 

00:34:51.733 --> 00:34:52.897 align:start position:0%
the UK
has <00:34:51.982><c>made </c><00:34:52.231><c>standard</c>

00:34:52.897 --> 00:34:52.931 align:start position:0%
has made standard
 

00:34:52.931 --> 00:34:54.195 align:start position:0%
has made standard
passwords <00:34:53.480><c>like </c><00:34:54.029><c>"admin</c>

00:34:54.195 --> 00:34:55.227 align:start position:0%
passwords like "admin
" <00:34:54.295><c>unenforceable</c>

00:34:55.227 --> 00:34:55.260 align:start position:0%
" unenforceable
 

00:34:55.260 --> 00:34:56.325 align:start position:0%
" unenforceable
in <00:34:55.926><c>its</c>

00:34:56.325 --> 00:34:56.358 align:start position:0%
in its
 

00:34:56.358 --> 00:34:58.827 align:start position:0%
in its
market.  <00:34:57.051><c>So, </c><00:34:57.744><c>humanity's </c><00:34:58.437><c>first</c>

00:34:58.827 --> 00:34:58.859 align:start position:0%
market.  So, humanity's first
 

00:34:58.859 --> 00:34:59.802 align:start position:0%
market.  So, humanity's first
line <00:34:59.103><c>of </c><00:34:59.347><c>defense</c>

00:34:59.802 --> 00:34:59.834 align:start position:0%
line of defense
 

00:34:59.834 --> 00:35:01.004 align:start position:0%
line of defense
against

00:35:01.004 --> 00:35:01.037 align:start position:0%
against
 

00:35:01.037 --> 00:35:02.174 align:start position:0%
against
self-replicating <00:35:02.142><c>AI</c>

00:35:02.174 --> 00:35:02.207 align:start position:0%
self-replicating AI
 

00:35:02.207 --> 00:35:03.409 align:start position:0%
self-replicating AI
could <00:35:02.564><c>be </c><00:35:02.921><c>to </c><00:35:03.278><c>require</c>

00:35:03.409 --> 00:35:03.442 align:start position:0%
could be to require
 

00:35:03.442 --> 00:35:04.709 align:start position:0%
could be to require
manufacturers <00:35:03.783><c>to </c><00:35:04.124><c>stop</c>

00:35:04.709 --> 00:35:04.742 align:start position:0%
manufacturers to stop
 

00:35:04.742 --> 00:35:06.009 align:start position:0%
manufacturers to stop
setting <00:35:05.180><c>the </c><00:35:05.618><c>password</c>

00:35:06.009 --> 00:35:06.042 align:start position:0%
setting the password
 

00:35:06.042 --> 00:35:07.966 align:start position:0%
setting the password
"admin".  <00:35:07.571><c>The</c>

00:35:07.966 --> 00:35:07.999 align:start position:0%
"admin".  The
 

00:35:07.999 --> 00:35:09.220 align:start position:0%
"admin".  The
UK <00:35:08.186><c>is </c><00:35:08.373><c>ahead </c><00:35:08.560><c>of</c>

00:35:09.220 --> 00:35:09.253 align:start position:0%
UK is ahead of
 

00:35:09.253 --> 00:35:10.507 align:start position:0%
UK is ahead of
everyone <00:35:09.660><c>on </c><00:35:10.067><c>this </c><00:35:10.474><c>issue.</c>

00:35:10.507 --> 00:35:11.253 align:start position:0%
everyone on this issue.
 

00:35:11.253 --> 00:35:12.394 align:start position:0%
everyone on this issue.
There <00:35:11.476><c>is </c><00:35:11.699><c>another </c><00:35:11.922><c>comforting</c>

00:35:12.394 --> 00:35:12.434 align:start position:0%
There is another comforting
 

00:35:12.434 --> 00:35:14.573 align:start position:0%
There is another comforting
detail.  <00:35:13.953><c>Researchers</c>

00:35:14.573 --> 00:35:14.604 align:start position:0%
detail.  Researchers
 

00:35:14.604 --> 00:35:15.659 align:start position:0%
detail.  Researchers
found <00:35:15.007><c>that </c><00:35:15.410><c>small</c>

00:35:15.659 --> 00:35:15.690 align:start position:0%
found that small
 

00:35:15.690 --> 00:35:16.745 align:start position:0%
found that small
models <00:35:15.917><c>do </c><00:35:16.144><c>very </c><00:35:16.371><c>poorly</c>

00:35:16.745 --> 00:35:16.776 align:start position:0%
models do very poorly
 

00:35:16.776 --> 00:35:17.613 align:start position:0%
models do very poorly
on <00:35:17.551><c>the</c>

00:35:17.613 --> 00:35:17.644 align:start position:0%
on the
 

00:35:17.644 --> 00:35:18.854 align:start position:0%
on the
persuasion <00:35:17.908><c>aspect </c><00:35:18.172><c>of</c>

00:35:18.854 --> 00:35:18.885 align:start position:0%
persuasion aspect of
 

00:35:18.885 --> 00:35:20.095 align:start position:0%
persuasion aspect of
hacking, <00:35:19.459><c>that </c><00:35:20.033><c>is,</c>

00:35:20.095 --> 00:35:20.126 align:start position:0%
hacking, that is,
 

00:35:20.126 --> 00:35:21.057 align:start position:0%
hacking, that is,
deceiving <00:35:20.529><c>people </c><00:35:20.932><c>with</c>

00:35:21.057 --> 00:35:21.088 align:start position:0%
deceiving people with
 

00:35:21.088 --> 00:35:21.646 align:start position:0%
deceiving people with


00:35:21.646 --> 00:35:21.677 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:35:21.677 --> 00:35:22.422 align:start position:0%
 
persuasive

00:35:22.422 --> 00:35:22.453 align:start position:0%
persuasive
 

00:35:22.453 --> 00:35:24.889 align:start position:0%
persuasive
messages.  <00:35:24.855><c>So,</c>

00:35:24.889 --> 00:35:24.922 align:start position:0%
messages.  So,
 

00:35:24.922 --> 00:35:25.985 align:start position:0%
messages.  So,
even <00:35:25.387><c>if </c><00:35:25.852><c>a</c>

00:35:25.985 --> 00:35:26.018 align:start position:0%
even if a
 

00:35:26.018 --> 00:35:27.181 align:start position:0%
even if a
self-replicating <00:35:27.148><c>AI</c>

00:35:27.181 --> 00:35:27.215 align:start position:0%
self-replicating AI
 

00:35:27.215 --> 00:35:27.979 align:start position:0%
self-replicating AI
takes <00:35:27.497><c>over </c><00:35:27.779><c>your</c>

00:35:27.979 --> 00:35:28.012 align:start position:0%
takes over your
 

00:35:28.012 --> 00:35:29.175 align:start position:0%
takes over your
TV, <00:35:28.494><c>it </c><00:35:28.976><c>will</c>

00:35:29.175 --> 00:35:29.209 align:start position:0%
TV, it will
 

00:35:29.209 --> 00:35:30.305 align:start position:0%
TV, it will
still <00:35:29.508><c>need</c>

00:35:30.305 --> 00:35:30.338 align:start position:0%
still need
 

00:35:30.338 --> 00:35:31.435 align:start position:0%
still need
regular <00:35:31.236><c>people</c>

00:35:31.435 --> 00:35:31.468 align:start position:0%
regular people
 

00:35:31.468 --> 00:35:32.631 align:start position:0%
regular people
frantically <00:35:31.684><c>hitting </c><00:35:31.900><c>the</c>

00:35:32.631 --> 00:35:32.665 align:start position:0%
frantically hitting the
 

00:35:32.665 --> 00:35:33.828 align:start position:0%
frantically hitting the
retweet <00:35:32.986><c>button </c><00:35:33.307><c>so </c><00:35:33.628><c>that</c>

00:35:33.828 --> 00:35:33.861 align:start position:0%
retweet button so that
 

00:35:33.861 --> 00:35:34.991 align:start position:0%
retweet button so that
at <00:35:34.060><c>least </c><00:35:34.259><c>someone </c><00:35:34.458><c>reads</c>

00:35:34.991 --> 00:35:35.024 align:start position:0%
at least someone reads
 

00:35:35.024 --> 00:35:38.017 align:start position:0%
at least someone reads
its <00:35:35.919><c>posts.  </c><00:35:36.814><c>It's </c><00:35:37.709><c>been</c>

00:35:38.017 --> 00:35:38.056 align:start position:0%
its posts.  It's been
 

00:35:38.056 --> 00:35:39.481 align:start position:0%
its posts.  It's been
quite <00:35:38.354><c>a </c><00:35:38.652><c>career </c><00:35:38.950><c>for </c><00:35:39.248><c>an</c>

00:35:39.481 --> 00:35:39.520 align:start position:0%
quite a career for an
 

00:35:39.520 --> 00:35:40.791 align:start position:0%
quite a career for an
unbranded <00:35:40.117><c>Android </c><00:35:40.714><c>TV</c>

00:35:40.791 --> 00:35:40.830 align:start position:0%
unbranded Android TV
 

00:35:40.830 --> 00:35:43.348 align:start position:0%
unbranded Android TV
set-top <00:35:41.962><c>box.  </c><00:35:43.094><c>It</c>

00:35:43.348 --> 00:35:43.380 align:start position:0%
set-top box.  It
 

00:35:43.380 --> 00:35:44.046 align:start position:0%
set-top box.  It
started <00:35:43.649><c>as </c><00:35:43.918><c>a</c>

00:35:44.046 --> 00:35:44.077 align:start position:0%
started as a
 

00:35:44.077 --> 00:35:45.314 align:start position:0%
started as a
football <00:35:44.447><c>streaming </c><00:35:44.817><c>service </c><00:35:45.187><c>that</c>

00:35:45.314 --> 00:35:45.345 align:start position:0%
football streaming service that
 

00:35:45.345 --> 00:35:46.550 align:start position:0%
football streaming service that
no <00:35:45.736><c>one </c><00:35:46.127><c>paid </c><00:35:46.518><c>for,</c>

00:35:46.550 --> 00:35:46.582 align:start position:0%
no one paid for,
 

00:35:46.582 --> 00:35:47.438 align:start position:0%
no one paid for,
became <00:35:46.756><c>a </c><00:35:46.930><c>residential</c>

00:35:47.438 --> 00:35:47.469 align:start position:0%
became a residential
 

00:35:47.469 --> 00:35:48.547 align:start position:0%
became a residential
proxy, <00:35:47.691><c>impersonated </c><00:35:47.913><c>a</c>

00:35:48.547 --> 00:35:48.579 align:start position:0%
proxy, impersonated a
 

00:35:48.579 --> 00:35:49.340 align:start position:0%
proxy, impersonated a
patriotic

00:35:49.340 --> 00:35:49.372 align:start position:0%
patriotic
 

00:35:49.372 --> 00:35:50.196 align:start position:0%
patriotic
American

00:35:50.196 --> 00:35:50.228 align:start position:0%
American
 

00:35:50.228 --> 00:35:51.274 align:start position:0%
American
voter, <00:35:50.560><c>and </c><00:35:50.892><c>one</c>

00:35:51.274 --> 00:35:51.305 align:start position:0%
voter, and one
 

00:35:51.305 --> 00:35:52.130 align:start position:0%
voter, and one
day <00:35:51.559><c>may </c><00:35:51.813><c>become</c>

00:35:52.130 --> 00:35:52.161 align:start position:0%
day may become
 

00:35:52.161 --> 00:35:52.891 align:start position:0%
day may become
home <00:35:52.430><c>to </c><00:35:52.699><c>a</c>

00:35:52.891 --> 00:35:52.922 align:start position:0%
home to a
 

00:35:52.922 --> 00:35:54.064 align:start position:0%
home to a
digital <00:35:53.477><c>slime </c><00:35:54.032><c>mold.</c>

00:35:54.064 --> 00:35:55.452 align:start position:0%
digital slime mold.
 

00:35:55.452 --> 00:35:57.610 align:start position:0%
 
Not <00:35:55.913><c>bad </c><00:35:56.374><c>for </c><00:35:56.835><c>$55</c>

00:35:57.610 --> 00:35:59.541 align:start position:0%
Not bad for $55
.  <00:35:58.122><c>If </c><00:35:58.634><c>you </c><00:35:59.146><c>enjoyed</c>

00:35:59.541 --> 00:35:59.574 align:start position:0%
.  If you enjoyed
 

00:35:59.574 --> 00:36:00.656 align:start position:0%
.  If you enjoyed
watching <00:36:00.098><c>this </c><00:36:00.622><c>video,</c>

00:36:00.656 --> 00:36:00.689 align:start position:0%
watching this video,
 

00:36:00.689 --> 00:36:01.803 align:start position:0%
watching this video,
the <00:36:00.885><c>next </c><00:36:01.081><c>thing </c><00:36:01.277><c>you </c><00:36:01.473><c>should</c>

00:36:01.803 --> 00:36:01.836 align:start position:0%
the next thing you should
 

00:36:01.836 --> 00:36:03.082 align:start position:0%
the next thing you should
watch <00:36:02.142><c>is </c><00:36:02.448><c>my </c><00:36:02.754><c>video</c>

00:36:03.082 --> 00:36:03.114 align:start position:0%
watch is my video
 

00:36:03.114 --> 00:36:04.393 align:start position:0%
watch is my video
about <00:36:03.474><c>the </c><00:36:03.834><c>doomsday </c><00:36:04.194><c>cult</c>

00:36:04.393 --> 00:36:04.425 align:start position:0%
about the doomsday cult
 

00:36:04.425 --> 00:36:05.686 align:start position:0%
about the doomsday cult
inside <00:36:04.799><c>Open </c><00:36:05.173><c>AI.  </c><00:36:05.547><c>Don't</c>

00:36:05.686 --> 00:36:05.721 align:start position:0%
inside Open AI.  Don't
 

00:36:05.721 --> 00:36:07.001 align:start position:0%
inside Open AI.  Don't
forget <00:36:05.917><c>to </c><00:36:06.113><c>check </c><00:36:06.309><c>out</c>

00:36:07.001 --> 00:36:07.036 align:start position:0%
forget to check out
 

00:36:07.036 --> 00:36:08.282 align:start position:0%
forget to check out
our <00:36:07.555><c>sponsor </c><00:36:08.074><c>Ground</c>

00:36:08.282 --> 00:36:08.317 align:start position:0%
our sponsor Ground
 

00:36:08.317 --> 00:36:09.459 align:start position:0%
our sponsor Ground
News <00:36:08.531><c>via </c><00:36:08.745><c>the </c><00:36:08.959><c>link </c><00:36:09.173><c>in </c><00:36:09.387><c>the</c>

00:36:09.459 --> 00:36:09.494 align:start position:0%
News via the link in the
 

00:36:09.494 --> 00:36:10.734 align:start position:0%
News via the link in the
description.  <00:36:09.787><c>See </c><00:36:10.080><c>you </c><00:36:10.373><c>in </c><00:36:10.666><c>the</c>

00:36:10.734 --> 00:36:10.767 align:start position:0%
description.  See you in the
 

00:36:10.767 --> 00:36:11.825 align:start position:0%
description.  See you in the
next <00:36:11.791><c>video.</c>

00:36:11.825 --> 00:36:11.925 align:start position:0%
next video.
 

00:36:11.925 --> 00:36:13.527 align:start position:0%
next video.
See <00:36:12.205><c>you </c><00:36:12.485><c>later.</c>